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Clinical Insights into Vestibular Disorders
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Clinical Insights into Vestibular Disorders

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Otolaryngology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 May 2024 | Viewed by 3047

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Eduardo Martin Sanz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Otolaryngology, University Hospital of Getafe, Carretera Toledo km 12,500, 28905 Madrid, Spain
2. Department of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences and Health, European University of Madrid, C. Tajo, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain
Interests: vestibular function; meniere disease; vestibular compensation; vestibular restoration; vertigo; tinnitus; benign paroxysmal positional vertigo; vestibular neuritis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Vestibular rehabilitation (VR) has been in existence since the introduction of the exercise-based technique by Cawthorne and Cooksey in the 1940s. The use of VR in the management of dizziness in patients with vestibular dysfunction has exponentially increased over the last two decades. Recently, a Cochrane review reported moderate to strong evidence regarding its safety and effectiveness for peripheral vestibular dysfunction patients.

The primary purpose of VR, through vestibular compensation, is to improve the quality of life for patients. It also results in reducing the imbalance, falls and fear of falling, vertigo, and motion sensitivity.

The main focus of VR includes gaze stabilization (via adaptation of vestibulo-ocular reflex), balance retraining, habituation, and substitution exercises. Technological advances in the use of virtual reality, biofeedback, gait training, gaze stability training, and vestibular prostheses are rapidly changing the methods used in the recovery of persons living with vestibular disorders.

In the last few years, evolving research has led to more efficacious interventions and many advances in vestibular rehabilitation related to the treatment of vestibular hypofunction, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, persistent postural–perceptual dizziness, vestibular migraine, multiple sclerosis, and concussion have been described.

In this Special Issue on ‘Clinical Insights into Vestibular Rehabilitation’, we seek clinical and experimental studies examining the effects of VR programs on different patient populations with an emphasis on early prognosis, unilateral or bilateral vestibular hypofunction, and new VR strategies for the treatment of patients with balance problems.

Dr. Eduardo Martin Sanz
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • falls prevention
  • health outcomes
  • vestibular compensation
  • benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
  • persistent postural–perceptual dizziness
  • vestibular migraine
  • bilateral vestibulopathy
  • central vertigo
  • bilateral vestibulopathy
  • central vertigo

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 446 KiB  
Article
Characterization of Vestibular Phenotypes in Patients with Genetic Hearing Loss
by Ji Hyuk Han, Seong Hoon Bae, Sun Young Joo, Jung Ah Kim, Se Jin Kim, Seung Hyun Jang, Dongju Won, Heon Yung Gee, Jae Young Choi, Jinsei Jung and Sung Huhn Kim
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(7), 2001; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13072001 - 29 Mar 2024
Viewed by 408
Abstract
Background: The vestibular phenotypes of patients with genetic hearing loss are poorly understood. Methods: we performed genetic testing including exome sequencing and vestibular function tests to investigate vestibular phenotypes and functions in patients with genetic hearing loss. Results: Among 627 patients, 143 (22.8%) [...] Read more.
Background: The vestibular phenotypes of patients with genetic hearing loss are poorly understood. Methods: we performed genetic testing including exome sequencing and vestibular function tests to investigate vestibular phenotypes and functions in patients with genetic hearing loss. Results: Among 627 patients, 143 (22.8%) had vestibular symptoms. Genetic variations were confirmed in 45 (31.5%) of the 143 patients. Nineteen deafness genes were linked with vestibular symptoms; the most frequent genes in autosomal dominant and recessive individuals were COCH and SLC26A4, respectively. Vestibular symptoms were mostly of the vertigo type, recurrent, and persisted for hours in the genetically confirmed and unconfirmed groups. Decreased vestibular function in the caloric test, video head impulse test, cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential, and ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential was observed in 42.0%, 16.3%, 57.8%, and 85.0% of the patients, respectively. The caloric test revealed a significantly higher incidence of abnormal results in autosomal recessive individuals than in autosomal dominant individuals (p = 0.011). The genes, including SLC26A4, COCH, KCNQ4, MYH9, NLRP3, EYA4, MYO7A, MYO15A, and MYH9, were heterogeneously associated with abnormalities in the vestibular function test. Conclusions: In conclusion, diverse vestibular symptoms are commonly concomitant with genetic hearing loss and are easily overlooked. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Insights into Vestibular Disorders)
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9 pages, 541 KiB  
Article
Pediatric Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo: Degree of Nystagmus and Concurrent Dizziness Differs from Adult BPPV
by Jun Beom An, Jisu Kim, Seok Hyun Park, Joonsung Yoon, Oak Sung Choo, Su-Kyoung Park and Jiwon Chang
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(7), 1997; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13071997 - 29 Mar 2024
Viewed by 396
Abstract
Background: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is characterized by brief, intense episodes of vertigo triggered by abrupt changes in head position. It is generally accepted as being most common in adults, while it is regarded as rare in children. It is necessary [...] Read more.
Background: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is characterized by brief, intense episodes of vertigo triggered by abrupt changes in head position. It is generally accepted as being most common in adults, while it is regarded as rare in children. It is necessary to compare the disease between pediatric and adult patients for a better understanding of the disease’s characteristics and its natural history. This study aimed to identify the clinical characteristics of BPPV in children and compare them with those of adult BPPV patients. Methods: All children ≤ 18 years old who were diagnosed with BPPV were selected by searching the electronic database of our hospital. Clinical features were identified by medical record review. For adult patients, we collected data from patients > 19 years of age. Results: A total of 30 pediatric (13.65 ± 4.15 years old) and 264 adult patients (60.86 ± 13.74 years old) were included in the study. Among pediatric patients, the lateral canals were involved in 80% and the posterior canals in 16.67%. In adult patients, the lateral and posterior canals were involved similarly (p = 0.007). The degree of nystagmus in pediatric patients was 6.82 ± 12.09, while in adults it was 15.58 ± 20.90 (p < 0.001). The concurrent dizziness disorder was higher in the pediatric group and recurrence was higher in the adult group. In the regression analysis, it was found that adult patients had a stronger nystagmus with a value of 6.206 deg/sec, and the risk of concurrent dizziness disorder was found to be 5.413 times higher in the pediatric group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: BPPV occurs in pediatric patients with lower prevalence, but it cannot be overlooked. In the pediatric group, a relatively high proportion of patients demonstrated lateral canal involvement, weaker nystagmus, and additional dizziness disorder. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Insights into Vestibular Disorders)
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11 pages, 3055 KiB  
Article
A Pilot Study to Assess Visual Vertigo in People with Persistent Postural–Perceptual Dizziness with a New Computer-Based Tool
by Tsun-Ai Jasper Chen, Marie-Li Dion Parenteau, Kirby Marchand, Hong Zhi Zhang, Elizabeth Dannenbaum, Anouk Lamontagne and Joyce Fung
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(5), 1766; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12051766 - 22 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1752
Abstract
Background: Visual vertigo (VV) is a common symptom in people with persistent postural–perceptual dizziness (PPPD). Few subjective scales are validated for assessing the intensity of VV, yet these scales are limited by recall bias, as they require individuals to rate their symptoms from [...] Read more.
Background: Visual vertigo (VV) is a common symptom in people with persistent postural–perceptual dizziness (PPPD). Few subjective scales are validated for assessing the intensity of VV, yet these scales are limited by recall bias, as they require individuals to rate their symptoms from memory. The computer-Visual Vertigo Analogue Scale (c-VVAS) was developed by adapting five scenarios from the original paper-VVAS (p-VVAS) into 30 s video clips. The aim of this pilot study was to develop and test a computerized video-based tool for the assessment of visual vertigo in people with PPPD. Methods: PPPD participants (n = 8) and age- and sex-matched controls (n = 8) completed the traditional p-VVAS and the c-VVAS. A questionnaire about their experiences using the c-VVAS was completed by all participants. Results: There was a significant difference between the c-VVAS scores from the PPPD and the control group (Mann–Whitney, p < 0.05). The correlation between the total c-VVAS scores and the total c-VVAS scores was not significant (r = 0.668, p = 0.07). The study showed a high acceptance rate of the c-VVAS by participants (mean = 91.74%). Conclusion: This pilot study found that the c-VVAS can distinguish PPPD subjects from healthy controls and that it was well-received by all participants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Insights into Vestibular Disorders)
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