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Latest Advances in Glaucoma, Cataract and Refractive Surgery: Expert Views
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Latest Advances in Glaucoma, Cataract and Refractive Surgery: Expert Views

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Ophthalmology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 June 2024 | Viewed by 5922

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jose Angel Fernandez-Vigo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
2. Centro Internacional de Oftalmología Avanzada, Madrid/Badajoz, Spain
Interests: refractive surgery; glaucoma; cataract; intraocular lenses; imaging diagnosis; ocular anterior segment
Dr. Enrique Santos-Bueso

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Ophthalmology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
2. Department of Inmunology, Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology, Complutense University, 27003 Madrid, Spain
Interests: glaucoma; anterior segment imaging; cataract; neurophthalmology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, there have been great advances in the study of the anterior ocular segment. Specifically, the most modern imaging techniques have revolutionized the study of glaucoma allowing, including better in vivo characterization and outflow pathway studies. Regarding cataract and refractive surgery, new imaging technologies help to evaluate refractive implants and their in vivo interaction from a new perspective. Moreover, recent efforts have attempted to more precisely determine the risk of postoperative ectasia by combining different technologies. In addition, there are numerous new therapeutic proposals that exist in the aforementioned areas, which aim to achieve a more individualized and personalized treatment for each patient.

Our Special Issue covers a broad range of topics related to mentioned clinical challenges, including clinical evaluation, medical and surgical treatments, and new diagnostic and management approaches. It will also highlight emerging trends and future directions for research in these important fields.

This Special Issue will aim to collate expert views on the latest developments in the diagnosis and management of glaucoma, cataract, and refractive surgery. We invite authors to submit original research articles and reviews relating to these topics, and we encourage contributions from all regions of the world to ensure a diverse and comprehensive representation of the latest developments in this field. We look forward to receiving your submissions.

Dr. Jose Angel Fernandez-Vigo
Dr. Enrique Santos-Bueso
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • refractive surgery
  • glaucoma
  • cataract
  • intraocular lenses
  • diagnostic imaging

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 279 KiB  
Article
Exploring the Effect of Preoperative Stereopsis on Visual Outcomes in Hyperopic Presbyopes Treated with PresbyOND® Laser Blended Vision Micro-Monovision
by Julia Hernández-Lucena, Federico Alonso-Aliste, Jonatan Amián-Cordero and José-María Sánchez-González
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(19), 6399; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12196399 - 07 Oct 2023
Viewed by 827
Abstract
We investigated the effects of Laser Blended Vision (LBV) on binocular summation and stereopsis in the treatment of presbyopia and hyperopia. Using a unidirectional, retrospective longitudinal design, data from 318 patients who underwent the Zeiss PresbyOND® LBV surgical procedure at Tecnolaser Clinic [...] Read more.
We investigated the effects of Laser Blended Vision (LBV) on binocular summation and stereopsis in the treatment of presbyopia and hyperopia. Using a unidirectional, retrospective longitudinal design, data from 318 patients who underwent the Zeiss PresbyOND® LBV surgical procedure at Tecnolaser Clinic Vision Ophthalmology Center in Seville, Spain, were analyzed. The findings indicate that stereopsis quality significantly influenced short-term post-operative visual outcomes in measures like Uncorrected Distance and Near Visual Acuity (UDVA and UNVA). However, the impact of stereopsis on visual outcomes appeared to diminish over time, becoming statistically insignificant at the 12-month post-operative mark. The study suggests that while stereopsis is a crucial factor in the short term, its influence on visual outcomes tends to wane in the long-term postoperative period. Future studies are essential to elucidate the enduring clinical ramifications of these observations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Advances in Glaucoma, Cataract and Refractive Surgery: Expert Views)
10 pages, 731 KiB  
Article
Factors Associated with Refractive Prediction Error after Phacotrabeculectomy
by Jung Hye Shin, Seok Hwan Kim, Sohee Oh and Kyoung Min Lee
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(17), 5706; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12175706 - 01 Sep 2023
Viewed by 710
Abstract
Purpose: To compare refractive prediction errors between phacotrabeculectomy and phacoemulsification. Methods: Refractive prediction error was defined as the difference in spherical equivalent between the predicted value using the Barrett Universal II formula and the actual value obtained at postoperative one month. Forty-eight eyes [...] Read more.
Purpose: To compare refractive prediction errors between phacotrabeculectomy and phacoemulsification. Methods: Refractive prediction error was defined as the difference in spherical equivalent between the predicted value using the Barrett Universal II formula and the actual value obtained at postoperative one month. Forty-eight eyes that had undergone phacotrabeculectomy (19 eyes, open-angle glaucoma; 29 eyes, angle-closure glaucoma) were matched with 48 eyes that had undergone phacoemulsification by age, average keratometry value and axial length (AL), and their prediction errors were compared. The factors associated with prediction errors were analyzed by multivariable regression analyses. Results: The phacotrabeculectomy group showed a larger absolute prediction error than the phacoemulsification group (0.51 ± 0.37 Diopters vs. 0.38 ± 0.22 Diopters, p = 0.033). Larger absolute prediction error was associated with longer AL (p = 0.010) and higher intraocular pressure (IOP) difference (p = 0.012). Hyperopic shift (prediction error > 0) was associated with shallower preoperative anterior chamber depth (ACD) (p = 0.024) and larger IOP difference (p = 0.031). In the phacotrabeculectomy group, the prediction error was inversely correlated with AL: long eyes showed myopic shift and short eyes hyperopic shift (p = 0.002). Conclusions: Surgeons should be aware of the possibility of worse refractive outcomes when planning phacotrabeculectomy, especially in eyes with high preoperative IOP, shallow ACD, and/or extreme AL. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Advances in Glaucoma, Cataract and Refractive Surgery: Expert Views)
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12 pages, 3214 KiB  
Article
Normative Topographic Anterior and Posterior Corneal Astigmatism: Axis Distribution and Its Relations with Ocular and Biometric Parameters
by Ignacio Almorín-Fernández-Vigo, Inés Sánchez-Guillén, José Ignacio Fernández-Vigo, Bárbara Burgos-Blasco, Lucía De-Pablo-Gómez-de-Liaño, José Ángel Fernández-Vigo and Ana Macarro-Merino
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(11), 3664; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12113664 - 25 May 2023
Viewed by 1620
Abstract
Corneal astigmatism correction is a key factor when planning refractive treatment for ametropies with intraocular lenses. We aim to obtain normative anterior and posterior corneal astigmatism (ACA and PCA, respectively) data in a local population and to describe their axis distribution and their [...] Read more.
Corneal astigmatism correction is a key factor when planning refractive treatment for ametropies with intraocular lenses. We aim to obtain normative anterior and posterior corneal astigmatism (ACA and PCA, respectively) data in a local population and to describe their axis distribution and their association with other parameters. A total of 795 patients with no ocular diseases were evaluated with corneal tomography and optical biometry. Only data of the right eye were included. Mean ACA and PCA were 1.01 ± 0.79 and 0.34 ± 0.17 D, respectively. Vertical steep axis distribution was 73.5% for ACA and 93.3% for PCA. Axis orientation between ACA and PCA matched best for vertical orientation (especially 90° to 120°). Vertical ACA orientation frequency decreased with age, with a more positive sphere and less ACA. Vertical PCA orientation frequency increased with higher PCA. Eyes with vertical ACA orientation were younger and showed a greater white-to-white (WTW) measurement, anterior corneal elevations, ACA and PCA. Eyes with vertical PCA orientation were younger and showed greater anterior corneal elevations and PCA. Normative ACA and PCA data in a Spanish population were presented. Steep axis orientations presented differences with age, WTW, anterior corneal elevations and astigmatism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Advances in Glaucoma, Cataract and Refractive Surgery: Expert Views)
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10 pages, 276 KiB  
Article
Aqueous Humor Cytokine Profile in Primary Congenital Glaucoma
by Carlos Oribio-Quinto, Barbara Burgos-Blasco, Pilar Pérez-García, Laura Espino-Paisán, Beatriz Sarriá, José Ignacio Fernández-Vigo and Julian García-Feijóo
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(9), 3142; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12093142 - 26 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1051
Abstract
Background: Cytokine profile in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) differs from that in healthy controls. Due to the different pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the genesis of primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) and POAG, it is possible that the cytokine profile could also differ. [...] Read more.
Background: Cytokine profile in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) differs from that in healthy controls. Due to the different pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the genesis of primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) and POAG, it is possible that the cytokine profile could also differ. The main objective of this study was to compare the concentrations of cytokines in the aqueous humor of patients with PCG with those of POAG patients and a control group. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Aqueous humor samples were taken from PCG and POAG patients eligible for glaucoma or cataract surgery and from patients undergoing cataract surgery. Twenty-seven cytokines were analyzed using the Human Cytokine 27-Plex Immunoassay Kit (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA, USA). Results: A total of 107 subjects were included: patients with PCG (n = 19), patients with POAG (n = 54), and a control group (CG) of patients undergoing cataract surgery (n = 34). Most cytokines measured in aqueous humor in PCG presented decreased values compared with POAG and controls. A statistically significant difference was observed in IL-1ra, IL-2, IL-5, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-15, IL-17A, Eotaxin, FGF basic, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, MIP-1α, PDGF-bb, MIP-1β, RANTES, TNF-α, and VEGF. Conclusion: PCG patients have a cytokine profile in aqueous humor different from POAG patients and patients without glaucoma, characterized by lower concentrations of multiple cytokines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Advances in Glaucoma, Cataract and Refractive Surgery: Expert Views)

Review

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29 pages, 2346 KiB  
Review
Normal-Tension Glaucoma and Potential Clinical Links to Alzheimer’s Disease
by Kathleen Ho, Nicole E. Bodi and Tasneem P. Sharma
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(7), 1948; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13071948 - 27 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1252
Abstract
Glaucoma is a group of optic neuropathies and the world’s leading cause of irreversible blindness. Normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) is a subtype of glaucoma that is characterized by a typical pattern of peripheral retinal loss, in which the patient’s intraocular pressure (IOP) is considered [...] Read more.
Glaucoma is a group of optic neuropathies and the world’s leading cause of irreversible blindness. Normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) is a subtype of glaucoma that is characterized by a typical pattern of peripheral retinal loss, in which the patient’s intraocular pressure (IOP) is considered within the normal range (<21 mmHg). Currently, the only targetable risk factor for glaucoma is lowering IOP, and patients with NTG continue to experience visual field loss after IOP-lowering treatments. This demonstrates the need for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of NTG and underlying mechanisms leading to neurodegeneration. Recent studies have found significant connections between NTG and cerebral manifestations, suggesting NTG as a neurodegenerative disease beyond the eye. Gaining a better understanding of NTG can potentially provide new Alzheimer’s Disease diagnostics capabilities. This review identifies the epidemiology, current biomarkers, altered fluid dynamics, and cerebral and ocular manifestations to examine connections and discrepancies between the mechanisms of NTG and Alzheimer’s Disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Advances in Glaucoma, Cataract and Refractive Surgery: Expert Views)
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