Inappropriate Body Composition in Patients with Diabetes

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Endocrinology & Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (26 April 2024) | Viewed by 763

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokyo Metropolitan Health and Hospitals Corporation Okubo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
2. Department of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
Interests: β-cell; visceral fat; sarcopenia; sarcopenic obesity
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is well known that obesity, especially visceral fat obesity, is a major contributor to the development and worsening of diabetes. In addition to obesity, it has recently been reported that physical function and muscle mass and strength are more likely to be impaired in patients with diabetes. Patients with diabetics are prone to sarcopenia, a condition in which muscle mass and muscle strength are decreased with age. Furthermore, a condition called sarcopenic obesity, in which fat accumulation is combined with reduced muscle mass and strength, may render diabetes patients particularly susceptible to cardiovascular disease and microvascular complications. Thus, nowadays, there is a need to address this inappropriate body composition in the treatment of diabetes. This Special Issue aims to provide a broad updated spectrum of knowledge on the body composition in patients with diabetes.

Dr. Tatsuya Fukuda
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • diabetes
  • muscle mass and strength
  • inappropriate body composition
  • sarcopenia

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 1376 KiB  
Article
Association of Fat Mass and Skeletal Muscle Mass with Cardiometabolic Risk Varied in Distinct PCOS Subtypes: A Propensity Score-Matched Case-Control Study
by Jie Cai, Jiang Yue, Nan Lu, Shengxian Li, Jun Zheng, Rong Huang, Yihong Jiang, Chang Shan, Wei Liu, Jing Ma and Lihua Wang
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(2), 483; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13020483 - 15 Jan 2024
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Abstract
(1) Background: polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous syndrome with a constellation of cardiometabolic risk factors. We aimed to investigate if the association of body fat mass (BFM) and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) with cardiometabolic risk differed in PCOS subtypes. (2) Methods: [...] Read more.
(1) Background: polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous syndrome with a constellation of cardiometabolic risk factors. We aimed to investigate if the association of body fat mass (BFM) and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) with cardiometabolic risk differed in PCOS subtypes. (2) Methods: 401 participants (245 PCOS and 156 controls) were assessed for anthropometric measurements, glucose–lipid profiles, reproductive hormones and body composition with propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis. The association of the cardiometabolic risk score (z score, calculated based on levels of obesity and gluco-lipid measurements) with BFM (estimated by trunk BFM/Height2) and SMM (estimated by SMM/Height2) was calculated. (3) Results: Trunk BFM/Height2 and SMM/Height2 were both positively associated with cardiometabolic risk in PCOS (trunk BFM/Height2, OR 2.33, 95% CI 1.49–3.65; SMM/Height2, OR 2.05, 95% CI 1.12–3.76). SMM/Height2 associated with increased cardiometabolic risk in obese PCOS (BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2, OR 2.27, 95% CI 1.15–4.47). For those with lower BMI (<28 kg/m2), trunk BFM/Height2 showed a higher OR in both groups (PCOS, OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.06–4.24; control 2.04, 95% CI 1.04–4.02). Moreover, distinct associations among BMI-stratified groups were validated in hierarchical clustering identifying metabolic and reproductive clusters. (4) Conclusions: BFM and SMM are synergistically associated with higher cardiometabolic risk in PCOS women. Although BFM contributes to increased cardiometabolic risk, SMM also plays a primary role in obese PCOS. Our results highlight the importance of body composition in the management of PCOS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Inappropriate Body Composition in Patients with Diabetes)
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