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The Role of Inflammatory Cytokines (Interleukins Family) in Human Disease

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2024 | Viewed by 1378

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
Interests: neurodegenerative disease; autoimmunity; inflammation; cytokines

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In contemporary medical discourse, the profound influence of inflammatory cytokines, particularly those within the interleukin family, on human diseases has become a focal point of investigation. Interleukins, as integral signaling molecules in the immune system, intricately contribute to maintaining the delicate equilibrium between health and disease. The dysregulation of interleukin activity is implicated in a myriad of human disorders. While these cytokines play a pivotal role in orchestrating immune responses, their imbalanced levels or malfunction can instigate detrimental effects. Autoimmune diseases exemplify instances where the immune system’s misguided assault on the body’s own tissues is often linked to the overproduction or misbehavior of specific interleukins. Moreover, the intricate involvement of aberrant interleukin signaling in inflammatory bowel diseases and certain cancers underscores the far-reaching consequences of these molecular interactions. Comprehending the nuanced roles of interleukins in the initiation and progression of human diseases not only enhances our understanding but also opens avenues for targeted therapeutic interventions. As researchers delve deeper into the complexities of these molecular pathways, the prospect of developing precise treatments that modulate interleukin activity holds significant promise. This points towards a future where personalized medicine revolutionizes the healthcare landscape, offering tailored solutions for improved patient outcomes.

Dr. Diego Fresegna
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • cytokine signaling
  • immunotherapy
  • immune modulation
  • precision medicine
  • disease pathogenesis
  • immunological disorders
  • therapeutic targets
  • inflammation biomarkers
  • immunomodulatory drugs
  • cellular immune response

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

14 pages, 1156 KiB  
Review
Inflammatory Biomarkers and Gait Impairment in Older Adults: A Systematic Review
by Lorenzo Brognara, Oscar Caballero Luna, Francesco Traina and Omar Cauli
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(3), 1368; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25031368 - 23 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1067
Abstract
Peripheral inflammation and gait speed alterations are common in several neurological disorders and in the aging process, but the association between the two is not well established. The aim of this systematic literary review is to determine whether proinflammatory markers are a positive [...] Read more.
Peripheral inflammation and gait speed alterations are common in several neurological disorders and in the aging process, but the association between the two is not well established. The aim of this systematic literary review is to determine whether proinflammatory markers are a positive predictor for gait impairments and their complications, such as falls in older adults, and may represent a risk factor for slow gait speed and its complications. The systematic review was performed in line with the Preferred Report Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). A protocol for literature searches was structured a priori and designed according to the International Perspective Register of Systemic Review (PROSPERO: CRD42023451108). Peer-reviewed original articles were identified by searching seven electronic databases: Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), SciVerse (ScienceDirect), Scopus, PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. The search strategy was formulated based on a combination of controlled descriptors and/or keywords related to the topic and a manual search was conducted of the reference lists from the initially selected studies to identify other eligible studies. The studies were thoroughly screened using the following inclusion criteria: older adults, spatiotemporal gait characteristics, and proinflammatory markers. A meta-analysis was not performed due to the heterogeneity of the studies, and the results were narratively synthesized. Due to the clinical and methodological heterogeneity, the studies were combined in a narrative synthesis, grouped by the type of biomarkers evaluated. A standardized data extraction form was used to collect the following methodological outcome variables from each of the included studies: author, year, population, age, sample size, spatiotemporal gait parameters such as gait velocity, and proinflammatory markers such as TNF-α, high sensitivity C-reactive (CRP) proteins, and IL-6. We included 21 out of 51 studies in our review, which examined the association between inflammatory biomarkers and gait impairment. This review highlights the role of TNF-α, CRP, and IL-6 in gait impairment. Biomarkers play an important role in the decision-making process, and IL-6 can be an effective biomarker in establishing the diagnosis of slow gait speed. Further longitudinal research is needed to establish the use of molecular biomarkers in monitoring gait impairment. Full article
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