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Evolutionary Genomics of Crops and Its Wild Relatives

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Plant Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2021) | Viewed by 6413

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute for Sustainable Plant Protect IPSP, CNR, Torino Str Cacce 73, I-10135 Turin, Italy
Interests: genotype-environment interaction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
National Herbarium of New South Wales, Mrs Macquaries Rd., Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
Interests: adaptation; dispersal; landscape genetics; trees; population genomics; rainforest; restoration; speciation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Wild relatives of crop plants are recognized as a fundamental resource for agricultural activity. Traditional landraces have been widely sampled and stored in germplasm collections over previous centuries, but collection programs for the respective wild plants have been planned only recently. Domesticated and wild forms have been influenced by human activity over thousands of years and signatures of their activity have been deeply impressed in plant genomes. Both forms are an essential source for genomic studies to unravel the domestication process. Phylogenetic traits can be tracked by genetic and genomic analysis, observing the variations accumulated over time. Moreover, genomic analyses permit to obtain important information about the time frames and geographic places of domestication areas, the involvement of putative secondary domestication events and past and present selection pressures. Although the process of domestication is a fundamental topic of plant evolution, other interesting evolutionary aspects can be observed such as the demographic history, introgression events, hybridization with other species, as well as epigenetic relationships. Moreover, bioprospecting offers new possibilities to reveal unexplored bioactive molecules in crop plants and their wild relatives.

Prof. Dr. Fabrizio Grassi
Dr. Paolo Boccacci
Dr. Maurizio Rossetto
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

20 pages, 40655 KiB  
Review
Back to the Origins: Background and Perspectives of Grapevine Domestication
by Fabrizio Grassi and Gabriella De Lorenzis
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(9), 4518; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094518 - 26 Apr 2021
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 5635
Abstract
Domestication is a process of selection driven by humans, transforming wild progenitors into domesticated crops. The grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), besides being one of the most extensively cultivated fruit trees in the world, is also a fascinating subject for evolutionary studies. The [...] Read more.
Domestication is a process of selection driven by humans, transforming wild progenitors into domesticated crops. The grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), besides being one of the most extensively cultivated fruit trees in the world, is also a fascinating subject for evolutionary studies. The domestication process started in the Near East and the varieties obtained were successively spread and cultivated in different areas. Whether the domestication occurred only once, or whether successive domestication events occurred independently, is a highly debated mystery. Moreover, introgression events, breeding and intense trade in the Mediterranean basin have followed, in the last thousands of years, obfuscating the genetic relationships. Although a succession of studies has been carried out to explore grapevine origin and different evolution models are proposed, an overview of the topic remains pending. We review here the findings obtained in the main phylogenetic and genomic studies proposed in the last two decades, to clarify the fundamental questions regarding where, when and how many times grapevine domestication took place. Finally, we argue that the realization of the pan-genome of grapes could be a useful resource to discover and track the changes which have occurred in the genomes and to improve our understanding about the domestication. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Evolutionary Genomics of Crops and Its Wild Relatives)
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