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Molecular Mechanisms of Metal Toxicity and Tolerance
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Molecular Mechanisms of Metal Toxicity and Tolerance

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Toxicology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2022) | Viewed by 3385

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Palma Simoniello

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Naples Parthenope, Napoli, Italy
Interests: developmental biology; embriology; cells biology; histology; environmental toxicology; citotoxicology; haevy metals; cadmium; radiobiology; haevy ions; ionising radiation; xenobiotics' toxicity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Environmental pollution, with particular regard to metal pollution, is continuously worsening, which has led to the intensification of research on the toxicity of these contaminants and their interference with cellular mechanisms, in the different organisms of the food chain, both aquatic and terrestrial. In recent decades, metals have represented one of the major stress factors released in the environment, due to a plethora of anthropic processes and their recurrent use in both industry and medicine.

Evidence indicates that metals induce a multitude of adverse effects that are primarily related to the generation of free radicals, with cell structure and function consequently affected via the alteration of mitochondrial activity and gene expression. Consequently, understanding the molecular mechanisms behind metal toxicity represents an important step in the field of environmental biology and ecotoxicology.

This Special Issue aims to focus on all aspects of the mechanisms triggered by metal toxicity, focusing on molecular biology, in both "in vitro" and "in vivo" studies, adults and embryos, invertebrates and vertebrates of aquatic and terrestrial environments. The Special Issue will include studies that lead to an increased understanding of the effects of metal toxicity on the molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of crucial cellular processes, such as cell cycle and proliferation, cell death, differentiation and embryo development, oxidative stress and autophagy; the cytoprotective and inflammatory responses will also be considered. This Special Issue aims to both improve and increase in number strategies to be implemented in defence of humans and other animals, and will publish original research articles and comprehensive reviews.

Prof. Dr. Palma Simoniello
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metals toxicity
  • "in vitro" and "in vivo" experiments
  • embryo toxicity
  • cell and tissue toxicology
  • gene regulation
  • up and down regulation of genes expression
  • molecular mechanisms
  • cytoprotective response
  • cell cycle alteration
  • cell death
  • oxidative stress
  • autophagy
  • inflammatory response

Published Papers (2 papers)

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23 pages, 5286 KiB  
Article
Non-ROS-Mediated Cytotoxicity of ZnO and CuO in ML-1 and CA77 Thyroid Cancer Cell Lines
by Alyse N. Peters, Nakaja A. Weaver, Kathryn S. Monahan and Kyoungtae Kim
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(4), 4055; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24044055 - 17 Feb 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1857
Abstract
Metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) are widely used in agriculture and food development but there is little understanding of how MONPs, including ZnO, CuO, TiO2, and SnO2, impact human health and the environment. Our growth assay revealed that none of [...] Read more.
Metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) are widely used in agriculture and food development but there is little understanding of how MONPs, including ZnO, CuO, TiO2, and SnO2, impact human health and the environment. Our growth assay revealed that none of these (up to 100 µg/mL) negatively affect viability in the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In contrast, both human thyroid cancer cells (ML-1) and rat medullary thyroid cancer cells (CA77) displayed a significant reduction in cell viability with the treatment of CuO and ZnO. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in these cell lines, when treated with CuO and ZnO, was found to be not significantly altered. However, levels of apoptosis with ZnO and CuO were increased, which led us to conclude that the decreased cell viability is mainly caused by non-ROS-mediated cell death. Consistently, data from our RNAseq studies identified differentially regulated pathways associated with inflammation, Wnt, and cadherin signaling across both cell lines, ML-1, and CA77, after ZnO or CuO MONP treatment. Results from gene studies further support non-ROS-mediated apoptosis being the main factor behind decreased cell viability. Together, these findings provide unique evidence that the apoptosis in response to treatment of CuO and ZnO in these thyroid cancer cells was not mainly due to oxidative stress, but to the alteration of a range of signal cascades that promotes cell death. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms of Metal Toxicity and Tolerance)
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Review

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16 pages, 952 KiB  
Review
Fish and Seafood Safety: Human Exposure to Toxic Metals from the Aquatic Environment and Fish in Central Asia
by Gulnur Zhuzzhassarova, Faranak Azarbayjani and Galia Zamaratskaia
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(3), 1590; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25031590 - 27 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1052
Abstract
Toxic metals that are released into aquatic environments from natural and anthropogenic sources are absorbed by aquatic organisms and may threaten the health of both aquatic organisms and humans. Despite this, there have been limited studies on the metal concentrations in fish and [...] Read more.
Toxic metals that are released into aquatic environments from natural and anthropogenic sources are absorbed by aquatic organisms and may threaten the health of both aquatic organisms and humans. Despite this, there have been limited studies on the metal concentrations in fish and humans in Central Asia. This study summarizes the presence of the toxic metals arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) in aquatic bodies, fish, and seafood products and conducts a risk assessment. While certain areas show a notable increase in fish and seafood consumption, the overall intake in Central Asia remains below recommended levels. However, in regions with high fish consumption, there is a potential for elevated exposure to toxic metals, especially Hg. The risk of exposure to toxic metals in fish and seafood in Central Asia emerges as a significant concern. Comprehensive monitoring, regulation, and remediation efforts are imperative to ensure the safety of water sources and food consumption in the region. Public awareness campaigns and the establishment of dietary guidelines play a crucial role in minimizing the health risks associated with consumption. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms of Metal Toxicity and Tolerance)
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