Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
7.8
5.6
Journals
IJMS
Special Issues
Diverse Responses of Immune Cells to Bacterial Infections
ijms-logo
Submit to Special Issue Submit Abstract to Special Issue Review for IJMS Propose a Special Issue

Journal Menu

► Journal Menu

Journal Browser

► Journal Browser
share announcement

Diverse Responses of Immune Cells to Bacterial Infections

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 29 August 2024 | Viewed by 4125

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Agnieszka Daca

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
Interests: innate immune system; monocytes; flow cytometry; autoimmunity; bacteria–monocytes interaction

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

History has demonstrated that the outcome of every bacterial infection, determined by the infection site, is dependent on adaptation to an ever-changing environment: bacteria or the immune system. On the one hand, we have bacteria with unique flexibility and the ability to change metabolic activity almost instantaneously, encase in protein matrices, and create biofilm. On the other hand, we have a human body that is additionally assisted by ever-improving diagnostic tools and pharmacology. That in itself ensures that, in most instances, the delicate balance is shifted in the human body's favor. The truth is that the response from bacteria can be so swift and surprising that even the best techniques we have at our disposal nowadays are not always able to efficiently protect the body from successful bacterial invasion.

The aim of our Special Issue is to describe, summarize, and discuss current findings about how the bacteria and immune system interact at the molecular level. The submitted papers should address how changes in immune function at the molecular level affect how bacteria behave, spread, and induce an inflammatory response, ultimately influencing the final outcome of the bacteria–immune system interaction. Various immune cells play different roles in inflammatory reactions. They engage in immune reactions at different stages and have different activities. Overall, every type of immune cell plays its own unique role and represents a small piece in a complicated but beautiful puzzle. Cell behaviors depend on many factors, such as specific gene activity, polymorphisms, and others. We invite you to share your knowledge with our audience, who are, as always, eager to learn more.

Dr. Agnieszka Daca
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • immune cells
  • immunity
  • bacterial infections
  • molecular level
  • gene activity
  • polymorphism
  • bacterial resistance

Published Papers (4 papers)

Download All Papers
Order results
Result details
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

Jump to: Review

20 pages, 2431 KiB  
Article
Hypervirulent Capsular Serotypes K1 and K2 Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains Demonstrate Resistance to Serum Bactericidal Activity and Galleria mellonella Lethality
by Basaier AL-Busaidi, Muna AL-Muzahmi, Zahra AL-Shabibi, Meher Rizvi, Azza AL-Rashdi, Amina AL-Jardani, Robeena Farzand and Zaaima AL-Jabri
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(3), 1944; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25031944 - 05 Feb 2024
Viewed by 960
Abstract
Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) is a variant that has been increasingly linked to severe, life-threatening infections including pyogenic liver abscess and bloodstream infections. HvKps belonging to the capsular serotypes K1 and K2 have been reported worldwide, however, very scarce studies are available on [...] Read more.
Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) is a variant that has been increasingly linked to severe, life-threatening infections including pyogenic liver abscess and bloodstream infections. HvKps belonging to the capsular serotypes K1 and K2 have been reported worldwide, however, very scarce studies are available on their genomics and virulence. In the current study, we report four hypermucoviscous extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing hvKp clinical strains of capsular serotype K1 and K2 isolated from pus and urine of critically ill patients in tertiary care hospitals in Oman. These strains belong to diverse sequence types (STs), namely ST-23(K1), ST-231(K2), ST-881(K2), and ST-14(K2). To study their virulence, a Galleria mellonella model and resistance to human serum killing were used. The G. mellonella model revealed that the K1/ST-23 isolate was the most virulent, as 50% of the larvae died in the first day, followed by isolate K2/ST-231 and K2/ST-14, for which 75% and 50% of the larvae died in the second day, respectively. Resistance to human serum killing showed there was complete inhibition of bacterial growth of all four isolates by the end of the first hour and up to the third hour. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) revealed that hvKp strains display a unique genetic arrangement of k-loci. Whole-genome single-nucleotide polymorphism-based phylogenetic analysis revealed that these hvKp isolates were phylogenetically distinct, belonging to diverse clades, and belonged to different STs in comparison to global isolates. For ST-23(K1), ST-231(K2), ST-881(K2), and ST-14(K2), there was a gradual decrease in the number of colonies up to the second to third hour, which indicates neutralization of bacterial cells by the serum components. However, this was followed by a sudden increase of bacterial growth, indicating possible resistance of bacteria against human serum bactericidal activity. This is the first report from Oman detailing the WGS of hvKp clinical isolates and assessing their resistance and virulence genomics, which reinforce our understanding of their epidemiology and dissemination in clinical settings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diverse Responses of Immune Cells to Bacterial Infections)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

16 pages, 4474 KiB  
Article
Intracellular Growth Inhibition and Host Immune Modulation of 3-Amino-1,2,4-triazole in Murine Brucellosis
by Trang Thi Nguyen, Tran Xuan Ngoc Huy, Ched Nicole Turbela Aguilar, Alisha Wehdnesday Bernardo Reyes, Said Abdi Salad, Won-Gi Min, Hu-Jang Lee, Hyun-Jin Kim, John-Hwa Lee and Suk Kim
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(24), 17352; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242417352 - 11 Dec 2023
Viewed by 822
Abstract
Catalase, an antioxidant enzyme widely produced in mammalian cells and bacteria, is crucial to mitigating oxidative stress in hostile environments. This function enhances the intracellular survivability of various intracellular growth pathogens, including Brucella (B.) abortus. In this study, to determine [...] Read more.
Catalase, an antioxidant enzyme widely produced in mammalian cells and bacteria, is crucial to mitigating oxidative stress in hostile environments. This function enhances the intracellular survivability of various intracellular growth pathogens, including Brucella (B.) abortus. In this study, to determine whether the suppression of catalase can inhibit the intracellular growth of B. abortus, we employed 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (3-AT), a catalase inhibitor, in both RAW 264.7 macrophage cells and an ICR mouse model during Brucella infection. The intracellular growth assay indicated that 3-AT exerts growth-inhibitory effects on B. abortus within macrophages. Moreover, it contributes to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and the formation of nitric oxide. Notably, 3-AT diminishes the activation of the nucleus transcription factor (NF-κB) and modulates the cytokine secretion within infected cells. In our mouse model, the administration of 3-AT reduced the B. abortus proliferation within the spleens and livers of infected mice. This reduction was accompanied by a diminished immune response to infection, as indicated by the lowered levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 and altered CD4+/CD8+ T-cell ratio. These results suggest the protective and immunomodulatory effects of 3-AT treatment against Brucella infection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diverse Responses of Immune Cells to Bacterial Infections)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Research

14 pages, 861 KiB  
Review
Infectious and Commensal Bacteria in Rheumatoid Arthritis—Role in the Outset and Progression of the Disease
by Aleksandra Korzeniowska and Ewa Bryl
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(6), 3386; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25063386 - 16 Mar 2024
Viewed by 798
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, autoimmune disease with a complex outset. Besides the genetic susceptibility in its pathogenesis, various environmental factors also participate. Of these, in recent years, there have been increasing reports of the involvement of bacteria in the disease’s outset [...] Read more.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, autoimmune disease with a complex outset. Besides the genetic susceptibility in its pathogenesis, various environmental factors also participate. Of these, in recent years, there have been increasing reports of the involvement of bacteria in the disease’s outset and development, especially gut microbiota and oral pathogens. Most recent reports about bacteria participation in RA pathogenesis focus on Prevotella copri and Porphyromonas gingivalis. There are also reports about the involvement of respiratory and urinary tract pathogens. The exact mechanisms leading to RA development used by bacteria are not well known; however, some mechanisms by which bacteria can interact with the immune system are known and can potentially lead to RA development. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive review of the potential bacteria participating in RA development and the mechanism involved in that process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diverse Responses of Immune Cells to Bacterial Infections)
►▼ Show Figures

Graphical abstract

16 pages, 330 KiB  
Review
From the Friend to the Foe—Enterococcus faecalis Diverse Impact on the Human Immune System
by Agnieszka Daca and Tomasz Jarzembowski
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(4), 2422; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25042422 - 19 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1184
Abstract
Enterococcus faecalis is a bacterium which accompanies us from the first days of our life. As a commensal it produces vitamins, metabolizes nutrients, and maintains intestinal pH. All of that happens in exchange for a niche to inhabit. It is not surprising then, [...] Read more.
Enterococcus faecalis is a bacterium which accompanies us from the first days of our life. As a commensal it produces vitamins, metabolizes nutrients, and maintains intestinal pH. All of that happens in exchange for a niche to inhabit. It is not surprising then, that the bacterium was and is used as an element of many probiotics and its positive impact on the human immune system and the body in general is hard to ignore. This bacterium has also a dark side though. The plasticity and relative ease with which one acquires virulence traits, and the ability to hide from or even deceive and use the immune system to spread throughout the body make E. faecalis a more and more dangerous opponent. The statistics clearly show its increasing role, especially in the case of nosocomial infections. Here we present the summarization of current knowledge about E. faecalis, especially in the context of its relations with the human immune system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diverse Responses of Immune Cells to Bacterial Infections)
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-4
Back to TopTop