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Functional Properties of Biologically Active Substances as Food Ingredients

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Bioactives and Nutraceuticals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2024 | Viewed by 3146

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Technology for Organic Synthesis, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg 620075, Russia
Interests: natural product chemistry; food biotechnology; biologically active compounds; phytopharmacology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Proper nutrition is our ally in the prevention of diseases. By following the main principles of a healthy diet, physiological homeostasis can be managed, and faster recovery from disease can be achieved. This is especially true in relation to special food products for specific age categories of the population and people with a predisposition for socially significant diseases, such as metabolic syndrome, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, as well as precancerous and oncological diseases. They should receive a complex of biologically active substances in an easily digestible form to reduce the risk of occurrence and aid in the treatment of the above-mentioned diseases. Importantly, a personalized approach to preventive medicine is required that uses the latest advances in nutrition genomics, such as the use of nano- and microencapsulation technologies to improve the bioavailability and digestibility of biologically active substances in food products. In this case, the set of active compounds is selected for each patient separately, taking into account the characteristics of their genetic profiles. Therefore, an actual challenge of modern nutritionology is to search for new approaches to formulate and provide nutrition recommendations, as this combines approved concepts of customized, healthy nutrition with a high level of personalization.

The current Special Issue will feature reviews, original articles, and brief communications on research on the use of food bioactive molecules for the correction of socially significant diseases. Particular attention will be paid to the mechanisms of the protective effects of food bioactive molecules in oncology, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, anxiety and depressive disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, etc.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

  • Food antioxidants, antioxidants/antihypoxants, neuroprotectors, and neurostabilizers in the correction of socially significant diseases;
  • Antidiabetic, anticancer, and anti-age effects of isoflavones, astaxanthin, and resveratrol;
  • Biologically active compounds in foods working against anxiety and depressive and post-traumatic stress disorders;
  • Metabolic pathways of biologically active compounds of foods in the human body;
  • Nutrition genomics in prevention medicine;
  • Digestibility of biologically active compounds as food supplements;
  • Effect of biologically active compounds as food ingredients on the human microbiome.

Prof. Dr. Elena Kovaleva
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • biologically active compounds
  • nutritionology
  • Postramatuc Stress Disoder (PTSD)
  • PTSD susceptability
  • oxidative stress
  • anti-diabiteic
  • anticancer properties and anti-age properties
  • functionality of foods
  • metabolic pathways of biologically active compounds

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 768 KiB  
Article
Anti-Atherosclerotic Properties of Aronia melanocarpa Extracts Influenced by Their Chemical Composition Associated with the Ripening Stage of the Berries
by Agnieszka Zielińska, Dorota Bryk, Katarzyna Paradowska, Paweł Siudem, Iwona Wawer and Małgorzata Wrzosek
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(8), 4145; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25084145 - 09 Apr 2024
Viewed by 343
Abstract
The high content of bioactive compounds in Aronia melanocarpa fruit offers health benefits. In this study, the anti-atherosclerotic effect of Aronia extracts was assessed. The impact on the level of adhesion molecules and the inflammatory response of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) [...] Read more.
The high content of bioactive compounds in Aronia melanocarpa fruit offers health benefits. In this study, the anti-atherosclerotic effect of Aronia extracts was assessed. The impact on the level of adhesion molecules and the inflammatory response of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was shown in relation to the chemical composition and the stage of ripening of the fruits. Samples were collected between May (green, unripe) and October (red, overripe) on two farms in Poland, which differed in climate. The content of chlorogenic acids, anthocyanins, and carbohydrates in the extracts was determined using HPLC-DAD/RI. The surface expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in HUVECs was determined by flow cytometry. The mRNA levels of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, IL-6, and MCP-1 were assessed using the quantitative real-time PCR method. The farms’ geographical location was associated with the quantity of active compounds in berries and their anti-atherosclerotic properties. Confirmed activity for green fruits was linked to their high chlorogenic acid content. Full article
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24 pages, 5901 KiB  
Article
Limited Cheese Intake Paradigm Replaces Patterns of Behavioral Disorders in Experimental PTSD: Focus on Resveratrol Supplementation
by Vadim E. Tseilikman, Vladislav A. Shatilov, Maxim S. Zhukov, Irina A. Buksha, Alexandr E. Epitashvily, Ilya A. Lipatov, Maxim R. Aristov, Alexandr G. Koshelev, Marina N. Karpenko, Dmitrii S. Traktirov, Viktoriya A. Maistrenko, Mustapha Kamel, Alexey V. Buhler, Elena G. Kovaleva, Tatyana S. Kalinina, Anton A. Pashkov, Vadim V. Kon’kov, Jurica Novak and Olga B. Tseilikman
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(18), 14343; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241814343 - 20 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1129
Abstract
Currently, the efficacy of drug therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder or PTSD leaves much to be desired, making nutraceutical support a promising avenue for treatment. Recent research has identified the protective effects of resveratrol in PTSD. Here, we tested the behavioral and neurobiological [...] Read more.
Currently, the efficacy of drug therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder or PTSD leaves much to be desired, making nutraceutical support a promising avenue for treatment. Recent research has identified the protective effects of resveratrol in PTSD. Here, we tested the behavioral and neurobiological effects of combining cheese consumption with resveratrol supplements in an experimental PTSD model. Using the elevated plus maze test, we observed that cheese intake resulted in a shift from anxiety-like behavior to depressive behavior, evident in increased freezing acts. However, no significant changes in the anxiety index value were observed. Interestingly, supplementation with cheese and resveratrol only led to the elimination of freezing behavior in half of the PTSD rats. We further segregated the rats into two groups based on freezing behavior: Freezing+ and Freezing0 phenotypes. Resveratrol ameliorated the abnormalities in Monoamine Oxidize -A and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor gene expression in the hippocampus, but only in the Freezing0 rats. Moreover, a negative correlation was found between the number of freezing acts and the levels of Monoamine Oxidize-A and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor mRNAs in the hippocampus. The study results show promise for resveratrol supplementation in PTSD treatment. Further research is warranted to better understand the underlying mechanisms and optimize the potential benefits of resveratrol supplementation for PTSD. Full article
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16 pages, 3667 KiB  
Article
Resistance to Resveratrol Treatment in Experimental PTSD Is Associated with Abnormalities in Hepatic Metabolism of Glucocorticoids
by Vadim E. Tseilikman, Julia O. Fedotova, Olga B. Tseilikman, Jurica Novak, Marina N. Karpenko, Victoria A. Maistrenko, Svetlana S. Lazuko, Lyudmila E. Belyeva, Mustapha Kamel, Alexey V. Buhler and Elena G. Kovaleva
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(11), 9333; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119333 - 26 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1220
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are metabolized by the CYP3A isoform of cytochrome P450 and by 11-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD-1). Experimental data suggest that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with an increase in hepatic 11β-HSD-1 activity and a concomitant decrease in hepatic CYP3A activity. Trans [...] Read more.
Glucocorticoids are metabolized by the CYP3A isoform of cytochrome P450 and by 11-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD-1). Experimental data suggest that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with an increase in hepatic 11β-HSD-1 activity and a concomitant decrease in hepatic CYP3A activity. Trans-resveratrol, a natural polyphenol, has been extensively studied for its antipsychiatric properties. Recently, protective effects of trans-resveratrol were found in relation to PTSD. Treatment of PTSD rats with trans-resveratrol allowed the rats to be divided into two phenotypes. The first phenotype is treatment-sensitive rats (TSR), and the second phenotype is treatment-resistant rats (TRRs). In TSR rats, trans-resveratrol ameliorated anxiety-like behavior and reversed plasma corticosterone concentration abnormalities. In contrast, in TRR rats, trans-resveratrol aggravated anxiety-like behavior and decreased plasma corticosterone concentration. In TSR rats, hepatic 11β-HSD-1 activity was suppressed, with a concomitant increase in CYP3A activity. In TRR rats, the activities of both enzymes were suppressed. Thus, the resistance of PTSD rats to trans-resveratrol treatment is associated with abnormalities in hepatic metabolism of glucocorticoids. The free energy of binding of resveratrol, cortisol, and corticosterone to the human CYP3A protein was determined using the molecular mechanics Poisson–Boltzmann surface area approach, indicating that resveratrol could affect CYP3A activity. Full article
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