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Trends and Prospects in Electroporation-Based Treatment for Tumors

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2024 | Viewed by 3185

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloska 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
2. Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Zdravstvena pot 5, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
Interests: tumor biology; electroporation-based treatments
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Guest Editor
Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
Interests: hepatopancreatobiliary and transplant surgery; oncology; electrochemotherapy

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Guest Editor
Department of Otolaryngology-Head Neck Surgery, Policlinico San Matteo Foundation IRCCS, Pavia University, 27100 Pavia, Italy
Interests: electrochemotherapy; electrosclerotherapy; head and neck reconstructive surgery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Electroporation-based treatments are a fast-developing field in oncology. Electrochemotherapy is an excellent example of this technology that has broad clinical applications in tumor treatment. Another new fast-developing field is gene electrotransfer for gene therapy or vaccination. This application is still in clinical trials, but has vast potential. To bring both approaches into broader clinical applications, more research on pre-clinical level is needed. In this respect, we invite researchers in the development and applications of electroporation-based treatments for cancer to submit good research or review papers in this Special Issue. Additionally, clinical papers with biomolecular experiments are welcomed.

Prof. Dr. Gregor Sersa
Prof. Dr. Blaž Trotovšek
Dr. Giulia Bertino
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 2572 KiB  
Article
Safety and Efficacy of IL-12 Plasmid DNA Transfection into Pig Skin: Supportive Data for Human Clinical Trials on Gene Therapy and Vaccination
by Ursa Lampreht Tratar, Tanja Jesenko, Masa Omerzel, Alenka Seliskar, Urban Stupan, Mihajlo Djokic, Jerneja Sredensek, Blaz Trotovsek, Gregor Sersa and Maja Cemazar
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(6), 3151; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25063151 - 09 Mar 2024
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Abstract
Gene electrotransfer (GET) of plasmids encoding interleukin 12 (IL-12) has already been used for the treatment of various types of tumors in human oncology and as an adjuvant in DNA vaccines. In recent years, we have developed a plasmid encoding human IL-12 (phIL12) [...] Read more.
Gene electrotransfer (GET) of plasmids encoding interleukin 12 (IL-12) has already been used for the treatment of various types of tumors in human oncology and as an adjuvant in DNA vaccines. In recent years, we have developed a plasmid encoding human IL-12 (phIL12) that is currently in a phase I clinical study. The aim was to confirm the results of a non-clinical study in mice on pharmacokinetic characteristics and safety in a porcine model that better resembled human skin. The GET of phIL12 in the skin was performed on nine pigs using different concentrations of plasmid phIL12 and invasive (needle) or noninvasive (plate) types of electrodes. The results of our study demonstrate that the GET of phIL-12 with needle electrodes induced the highest expression of IL-12 at the protein level on day 7 after the procedure. The plasmid was distributed to all tested organs; however, its amount decreased over time and was at a minimum 28 days after GET. Based on plasmid copy number and expression results, together with blood analysis, we showed that IL-12 GET is safe in a porcine animal model. Furthermore, we demonstrated that pigs are a valuable model for human gene therapy safety studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trends and Prospects in Electroporation-Based Treatment for Tumors)
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25 pages, 5419 KiB  
Article
Calcium Electroporation versus Electrochemotherapy with Bleomycin in an In Vivo CAM-Based Uveal Melanoma Xenograft Model
by Theodora Tsimpaki, Ralitsa Anastasova, Hongtao Liu, Berthold Seitz, Nikolaos E. Bechrakis, Utta Berchner-Pfannschmidt, Miriam M. Kraemer and Miltiadis Fiorentzis
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(2), 938; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25020938 - 11 Jan 2024
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Abstract
Despite recent advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of uveal melanoma (UM), its metastatic rate remains high and is accompanied by a highly dismal prognosis, constituting an unmet need for the development of novel adjuvant therapeutic strategies. We established an in vivo chick [...] Read more.
Despite recent advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of uveal melanoma (UM), its metastatic rate remains high and is accompanied by a highly dismal prognosis, constituting an unmet need for the development of novel adjuvant therapeutic strategies. We established an in vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM)-based UM xenograft model from UPMD2 and UPMM3 cell lines to examine its feasibility for the improvement of selection of drug candidates. The efficacy of calcium electroporation (CaEP) with 5 or 10 mM calcium chloride (Ca) and electrochemotherapy (ECT) with 1 or 2.5 µg/mL bleomycin in comparison to monotherapy with the tested drug or electroporation (EP) alone was investigated on the generated UM tumors. CaEP and ECT showed a similar reduction of proliferation and melanocytic expansion with a dose-dependent effect for bleomycin, whereas CaEP induced a significant increase of the apoptosis and a reduction of vascularization with varying sensitivity for the two xenograft types. Our in vivo results suggest that CaEP and ECT may facilitate the adequate local tumor control and contribute to the preservation of the bulbus, potentially opening new horizons in the adjuvant treatment of advanced UM. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trends and Prospects in Electroporation-Based Treatment for Tumors)
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25 pages, 7077 KiB  
Article
Gene Immunotherapy of Colon Carcinoma with IL-2 and IL-12 Using Gene Electrotransfer
by Tilen Komel, Masa Omerzel, Urska Kamensek, Katarina Znidar, Ursa Lampreht Tratar, Simona Kranjc Brezar, Klemen Dolinar, Sergej Pirkmajer, Gregor Sersa and Maja Cemazar
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(16), 12900; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241612900 - 17 Aug 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1287
Abstract
Gene immunotherapy has become an important approach in the treatment of cancer. One example is the introduction of genes encoding immunostimulatory cytokines, such as interleukin 2 and interleukin 12, which stimulate immune cells in tumours. The aim of our study was to determine [...] Read more.
Gene immunotherapy has become an important approach in the treatment of cancer. One example is the introduction of genes encoding immunostimulatory cytokines, such as interleukin 2 and interleukin 12, which stimulate immune cells in tumours. The aim of our study was to determine the effects of gene electrotransfer of plasmids encoding interleukin 2 and interleukin 12 individually and in combination in the CT26 murine colon carcinoma cell line in mice. In the in vitro experiment, the pulse protocol that resulted in the highest expression of IL-2 and IL-12 mRNA and proteins was used for the in vivo part. In vivo, tumour growth delay and also complete response were observed in the group treated with the plasmid combination. Compared to the control group, the highest levels of various immunostimulatory cytokines and increased immune infiltration were observed in the combination group. Long-term anti-tumour immunity was observed in the combination group after tumour re-challenge. In conclusion, our combination therapy efficiently eradicated CT26 colon carcinoma in mice and also generated strong anti-tumour immune memory. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Trends and Prospects in Electroporation-Based Treatment for Tumors)
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