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Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Natural Bioactive Compounds
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Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Natural Bioactive Compounds

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Bioactives and Nutraceuticals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 May 2024 | Viewed by 2801

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Jianqiang Xu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin Campus, Panjin 124221, China
Interests: biopharmaceutics; cellular target-inhibitor interaction; nanomedicine; drug targeting; drug delivery; nanoparticle carrier; biochemical pharmacology; pharmaceutical biotechnology; thioredoxin reductase; thioredoxin; GPX4; anti-tumor drugs
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Oxidative stress and inflammation are companied and responsible for many chronic diseases. As is known, inflammation is a defensive response of organisms to harmful stimuli such as trauma and infection. When the immune system is out of balance, the body's response to inflammatory factors either decreases or increases, leading to various diseases such as immunodeficiency diseases, allergic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cancers and so on. The lack of effective immunoregulation of current drugs without side effects stimulates the search for new active substances. In cellular circumstances, redox balance and rebalance are essential for maintaining cellular physiological function and pathogenic adaptation against oxidative stress. Noteworthily, natural components and herb extracts are important structure libraries or drug portfolios, used to find active structures and improve synergic combinations. Plant-derived compounds provide new potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant molecules with diverse structures and activities, a wide range of targets and less toxic side effects. This Special Issue welcomes research into the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanism of natural active compounds and their applications in human diseases. Studies on the effects of natural bioactive compounds in chemotherapy and immunotherapy and cell fate regulation are very welcome.

Dr. Jianqiang Xu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • anti-inflammation
  • antioxidant
  • bioactive materials
  • immunoregulation
  • oxidative stress
  • natural herb extracts
  • small molecule inhibitor
  • cell fate modulation
  • redox regulation
  • anti-infection

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 3181 KiB  
Article
Toward Enhanced Antioxidant and Protective Potential: Conjugation of Corn Cob Xylan with Gallic Acid as a Novel Approach
by Isabelle Luna Oliveira Dantas-Berto, Rony Lucas Silva Viana, Mayara Jane Campos de Medeiros, Leonardo Thiago Duarte Barreto Nobre, Ana Carolina Luchiari, Valquíria Pereira Medeiros, Weslley Souza Paiva, Raniere Fagundes Melo-Silveira and Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(5), 2855; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25052855 - 01 Mar 2024
Viewed by 561
Abstract
Maize ranks as the second most widely produced crop globally, yielding approximately 1.2 billion tons, with corn cob being its primary byproduct, constituting 18 kg per 100 kg of corn. Agricultural corn production generates bioactive polysaccharide-rich byproducts, including xylan (Xyl). In this study, [...] Read more.
Maize ranks as the second most widely produced crop globally, yielding approximately 1.2 billion tons, with corn cob being its primary byproduct, constituting 18 kg per 100 kg of corn. Agricultural corn production generates bioactive polysaccharide-rich byproducts, including xylan (Xyl). In this study, we used the redox method to modify corn cob xylan with gallic acid, aiming to enhance its antioxidant and protective capacity against oxidative stress. The conjugation process resulted in a new molecule termed conjugated xylan–gallic acid (Xyl-GA), exhibiting notable improvements in various antioxidant parameters, including total antioxidant capacity (1.4-fold increase), reducing power (1.2-fold increase), hydroxyl radical scavenging (1.6-fold increase), and cupric chelation (27.5-fold increase) when compared with unmodified Xyl. At a concentration of 1 mg/mL, Xyl-GA demonstrated no cytotoxicity, significantly increased fibroblast cell viability (approximately 80%), and effectively mitigated intracellular ROS levels (reduced by 100%) following oxidative damage induced by H2O2. Furthermore, Xyl-GA exhibited non-toxicity toward zebrafish embryos, offered protection against H2O2-induced stress, and reduced the rate of cells undergoing apoptosis resulting from H2O2 exposure. In conclusion, our findings suggest that Xyl-GA possesses potential therapeutic value in addressing oxidative stress-related disturbances. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the molecular structure of this novel compound and establish correlations with its pharmacological activities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Natural Bioactive Compounds)
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16 pages, 4683 KiB  
Article
Chemical Compositions of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. (Huangqin) Extracts and Their Effects on ACE2 Binding of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein, ACE2 Activity, and Free Radicals
by Boyan Gao, Hanshu Zhu, Zhihao Liu, Xiaohua He, Jianghao Sun, Yanfang Li, Xianli Wu, Pamela Pehrsson, Yaqiong Zhang and Liangli Yu
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(4), 2045; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25042045 - 07 Feb 2024
Viewed by 608
Abstract
The water and ethanol extracts of huangqin, the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. with potential antiviral properties and antioxidant activities, were investigated for their chemical profiles and their abilities to interfere with the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and ACE2, inhibiting ACE2 activity [...] Read more.
The water and ethanol extracts of huangqin, the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. with potential antiviral properties and antioxidant activities, were investigated for their chemical profiles and their abilities to interfere with the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and ACE2, inhibiting ACE2 activity and scavenging free radicals. A total of 76 compounds were tentatively identified from the extracts. The water extract showed a greater inhibition on the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and ACE2, but less inhibition on ACE2 activity than that of the ethanol extract on a per botanical weight concentration basis. The total phenolic content was 65.27 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry botanical and the scavenging capacities against HO●, DPPH●, and ABTS●+ were 1369.39, 334.37, and 533.66 µmol trolox equivalent (TE)/g dry botanical for the water extract, respectively. These values were greater than those of the ethanol extract, with a TPC of 20.34 mg GAE/g, and 217.17, 10.93, and 50.21 µmol TE/g against HO●, DPPH●, and ABTS●+, respectively. The results suggested the potential use of huangqin as a functional food ingredient in preventing COVID-19. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Natural Bioactive Compounds)
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12 pages, 2268 KiB  
Article
Loliolide in Sargassum horneri Alleviates Ultrafine Urban Particulate Matter (PM 0.1)-Induced Inflammation in Human RPE Cells
by Eun Jeoung Lee, Sol Lee, Hyun-Jae Jang and Wonbeak Yoo
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(1), 162; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25010162 - 21 Dec 2023
Viewed by 703
Abstract
Owing to increasing air pollution due to industrial development, fine dust has been associated with threatening public health. In particular, ultrafine urban particulate matter (uf-UP, PM 0.1) can easily enter our bodies, causing inflammation-related diseases. Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated the [...] Read more.
Owing to increasing air pollution due to industrial development, fine dust has been associated with threatening public health. In particular, ultrafine urban particulate matter (uf-UP, PM 0.1) can easily enter our bodies, causing inflammation-related diseases. Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated the effects of hydrothermal extracts of Sargassum horneri and its bioactive compound, loliolide, on uf-UP-induced inflammation as a potential treatment strategy for retinal disorders. Human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19) stimulated with TNF-α or uf-UPs were treated with S. horneri extract and loliolide. S. horneri extracts exhibited anti-inflammatory effects on uf-UP-induced inflammation without cell toxicity through downregulating the mRNA expression of MCP-1, IL-8, IL-6, and TNF-α. UPLC-QTOF/MS analysis confirmed that the hydrothermal extract of S. horneri contained loliolide, which has anti-inflammatory effects. Loliolide effectively reduced the mRNA expression and production of proinflammatory chemokines (IL-8) and cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6) by downregulating the MAPK/NF-ĸB signaling pathway on TNF-α-stimulated inflammatory ARPE-19 cells. These effects were further confirmed in inflammatory ARPE-19 cells after stimulation with uf-UPs. Collectively, these results suggested the application of S. horneri as a functional ingredient for treating ocular disorders caused by particular matters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Natural Bioactive Compounds)
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Review

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36 pages, 4345 KiB  
Review
Can Compounds of Natural Origin Be Important in Chemoprevention? Anticancer Properties of Quercetin, Resveratrol, and Curcumin—A Comprehensive Review
by Elżbieta Cecerska-Heryć, Zofia Wiśniewska, Natalia Serwin, Aleksandra Polikowska, Małgorzata Goszka, Weronika Engwert, Jaśmina Michałów, Maja Pękała, Marta Budkowska, Anna Michalczyk and Barbara Dołęgowska
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(8), 4505; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25084505 - 19 Apr 2024
Viewed by 242
Abstract
Malignant tumors are the second most common cause of death worldwide. More attention is being paid to the link between the body’s impaired oxidoreductive balance and cancer incidence. Much attention is being paid to polyphenols derived from plants, as one of their properties [...] Read more.
Malignant tumors are the second most common cause of death worldwide. More attention is being paid to the link between the body’s impaired oxidoreductive balance and cancer incidence. Much attention is being paid to polyphenols derived from plants, as one of their properties is an antioxidant character: the ability to eliminate reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, chelate specific metal ions, modulate signaling pathways affecting inflammation, and raise the level and activity of antioxidant enzymes while lowering those with oxidative effects. The following three compounds, resveratrol, quercetin, and curcumin, are polyphenols modulating multiple molecular targets, or increasing pro-apoptotic protein expression levels and decreasing anti-apoptotic protein expression levels. Experiments conducted in vitro and in vivo on animals and humans suggest using them as chemopreventive agents based on antioxidant properties. The advantage of these natural polyphenols is low toxicity and weak adverse effects at higher doses. However, the compounds discussed are characterized by low bioavailability and solubility, which may make achieving the blood concentrations needed for the desired effect challenging. The solution may lie in derivatives of naturally occurring polyphenols subjected to structural modifications that enhance their beneficial effects or work on implementing new ways of delivering antioxidants that improve their solubility and bioavailability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Natural Bioactive Compounds)
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