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Molecular Pathogenesis of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders Transformation

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A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 April 2024) | Viewed by 3953

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Prof. Dr. Ricardo Santiago Gomez

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Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
Interests: oral cancer; odontogenic tumors and cysts; oral potentially malignant lesions; oral pathology; molecular pathology
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Dear Colleagues,

Oral potentially malignant disorders are mucosal diseases with different aetiologies. The risk of malignant transformation varies among these lesions and has been correlated with oral epithelial dysplasia. However, epithelial dysplasia lesions can last long without undergoing malignant transformation and even regress spontaneously. The underlying molecular changes related to oral cancer transformation are poorly understood. In this Special Issue, we will present works that clarify the molecular pathogenesis associated with potentially malignant oral disorders’ transformation into oral cancer. Articles addressing predictive molecular markers or future perspectives of molecular tools for oral cancer prevention are also encouraged.

Prof. Dr. Ricardo Santiago Gomez
Guest Editor

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Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

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Keywords

oral potentially malignant disorders
oral cancer
molecular pathogenesis
oral leukoplakia

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1070 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Emerging Role of Decoy Receptor-2 as a Cancer Risk Predictor in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders

by Lucas de Villalaín, Saúl Álvarez-Teijeiro, Tania Rodríguez-Santamarta, Álvaro Fernández del Valle, Eva Allonca, Juan P. Rodrigo, Juan Carlos de Vicente and Juana M. García-Pedrero

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(18), 14382; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241814382 - 21 Sep 2023

Viewed by 674

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of the senescence markers, Decoy Receptor 2 (DcR2) and Differentiated Embryo-Chondrocyte expressed gen 1 (DEC1), in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) to ascertain their possible association with oral cancer risk. The immunohistochemical analysis of DcR2 and DEC1 expression (along with p16 and Ki67 expression) was carried out in 60 patients with clinically diagnosed oral leukoplakia. Fifteen cases (25%) subsequently developed an invasive carcinoma. Correlations between protein marker expression, histological grade and oral cancer risk were assessed. DcR2, DEC1 and Ki67 protein expressions were found to correlate significantly with increased oral cancer risk, and also with an increased grade of dysplasia. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that DcR2 and Ki67 expression are independent predictors of oral cancer development. Our results evidence for the first time the potential of DcR2 as an early biomarker to assess oral cancer risk in patients with oral leukoplakia (HR = 59.7, p = 0.015), showing a superior predictive value to histology (HR = 4.225, p = 0.08). These findings reveal that the increased expression of DcR2 and DEC1 occurred frequently in OPMDs. In addition, DcR2 expression emerges as a powerful biomarker for oral cancer risk assessment in patients with oral leukoplakia. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Pathogenesis of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders Transformation)

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16 pages, 5147 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Piperine Induces Apoptosis and Autophagy in HSC-3 Human Oral Cancer Cells by Regulating PI3K Signaling Pathway

by Eun-Ji Han, Eun-Young Choi, Su-Ji Jeon, Sang-Woo Lee, Jun-Mo Moon, Soo-Hyun Jung and Ji-Youn Jung

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(18), 13949; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241813949 - 11 Sep 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1093

Abstract

Currently, therapies for treating oral cancer have various side effects; therefore, research on treatment methods employing natural substances is being conducted. This study aimed to investigate piperine-induced apoptosis and autophagy in HSC-3 human oral cancer cells and their effects on tumor growth in vivo. A 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay demonstrated that piperine reduced the viability of HSC-3 cells and 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining, annexin-V/propidium iodide staining, and analysis of apoptosis-related protein expression confirmed that piperine induces apoptosis in HSC-3 cells. Additionally, piperine-induced autophagy was confirmed by the observation of increased acidic vesicular organelles and autophagy marker proteins, demonstrating that autophagy in HSC-3 cells induces apoptosis. Mechanistically, piperine induced apoptosis and autophagy by inhibiting the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway in HSC-3 cells. We also confirmed that piperine inhibits oral cancer tumor growth in vivo via antitumor effects related to apoptosis and PI3K signaling pathway inhibition. Therefore, we suggest that piperine can be considered a natural anticancer agent for human oral cancer. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Pathogenesis of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders Transformation)

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Review

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18 pages, 4056 KiB

Open AccessReview

The Magic Triangle in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders: Vitamin D, Vitamin D Receptor, and Malignancy

by Aya Khamis, Lara Salzer, Eik Schiegnitz, Roland H. Stauber and Désirée Gül

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(20), 15058; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242015058 - 11 Oct 2023

Viewed by 1702

Abstract

OPMDs (oral potentially malignant disorders) are a group of disorders affecting the oral mucosa that are characterized by aberrant cell proliferation and a higher risk of malignant transformation. Vitamin D (VitD) and its receptor (VDR) have been extensively studied for their potential contributions to the prevention and therapeutic management of various diseases and neoplastic conditions, including oral cancer. Observational studies suggest correlations between VitD deficiency and higher cancer risk, worse prognosis, and increased mortality rates. Interestingly, emerging data also suggest a link between VitD insufficiency and the onset or progression of OPMDs. Understanding the role of the VitD–VDR axis not only in established oral tumors but also in OPMDs might thus enable early detection and prevention of malignant transformation. With this article, we want to provide an overview of current knowledge about OPMDs and VitD and investigate their potential association and ramifications for clinical management of OPMDs. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Pathogenesis of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders Transformation)

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