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New Prognostic and Predictive Markers in Cancer Progression 2.0
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New Prognostic and Predictive Markers in Cancer Progression 2.0

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2021) | Viewed by 15297

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Susan Costantini

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Experimental Pharmacology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori—IRCCS—Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy
Interests: cancer; cytokines; metabolome; NMR; systems biology; computational biology; molecular biology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Alfredo Budillon

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Via Mariano Semmola, 53, 80131 Napoli NA, Italy
Interests: pharmacology; cancer; HDAC inhibitors; cell biology; proteomics; metabolomics; in vivo studies

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

New molecular and “omics” technologies are leading to the identification of numerous biomarkers based on DNA, RNA, miRNA, and protein and metabolic alterations that may be combined with clinical pathological data to greatly improve the prediction of both cancer progression and therapeutic treatment responses.

Prognostic markers are used to evaluate a patient’s overall predicted outcome and cancer recurrence probability after initial interventions such as surgery or drug treatments, and hence, they can be used to select follow-up and further treatment strategies. On the other hand, predictive markers are specifically aimed at evaluating the probability of benefit from clinical intervention(s).

Thus far, few cancer biomarkers have entered into clinical practice. However, the search for new prognostic and predictive biomarkers is the object of many studies performed on cells, blood samples, and tissues. In this context, so-called “liquid biopsies” allow a snapshot of a patient’s pathophysiological state at a given time and provide dynamic monitoring with insight into the spatial and temporal clonal evolution processes of the tumor, including secondary resistance to treatment, which is prohibited by the invasiveness of tissue biopsies.

The aim of this Special Issue is to present the latest research on the identification of new genetic, epigenetic, protein, and metabolic cancer biomarkers. The potential to combine certain biomarkers through data integration by bioinformatics approaches such as machine learning as well as their roles as emerging novel drug targets will also be highlighted.

Dr. Susan Costantini
Dr. Alfredo Budillon
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cancer
  • epigenetics
  • circulating DNA
  • proteins
  • miRNAs
  • metabolomics
  • immune cells
  • cell biology/tissue
  • liquid biopsy
  • systems biology

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 963 KiB  
Article
Constitutively Activated DAP12 Induces Functional Anti-Tumor Activation and Maturation of Human Monocyte-Derived DC
by Robert Dalton, Alexandra Calescibetta, Jun Min Zhou, Michelle Maurin, Grace Ward, Thu Le Trinh, Nhan Tu, Danielle Gilvary, Xianghong Chen, Pingyan Cheng, Elena Kostenko, Sheng Wei, Kenneth L. Wright and Erika A. Eksioglu
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(3), 1241; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031241 - 27 Jan 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2113
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen presenting cells with a great capacity for cross-presentation of exogenous antigens from which robust anti-tumor immune responses ensue. However, this function is not always available and requires DCs to first be primed to induce their maturation. In [...] Read more.
Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen presenting cells with a great capacity for cross-presentation of exogenous antigens from which robust anti-tumor immune responses ensue. However, this function is not always available and requires DCs to first be primed to induce their maturation. In particular, in the field of DC vaccine design, currently available methodologies have been limited in eliciting a sustained anti-tumor immune response. Mechanistically, part of the maturation response is influenced by the presence of stimulatory receptors relying on ITAM-containing activating adaptor molecules like DAP12, that modulates their function. We hypothesize that activating DAP12 in DC could force their maturation and enhance their potential anti-tumor activity for therapeutic intervention. For this purpose, we developed constitutively active DAP12 mutants that can promote activation of monocyte-derived DC. Here we demonstrate its ability to induce the maturation and activation of monocyte-derived DCs which enhances migration, and T cell stimulation in vitro using primary human cells. Moreover, constitutively active DAP12 stimulates a strong immune response in a murine melanoma model leading to a reduction of tumor burden. This provides proof-of-concept for investigating the pre-activation of antigen presenting cells to enhance the effectiveness of anti-tumor immunotherapies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Prognostic and Predictive Markers in Cancer Progression 2.0)
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Review

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28 pages, 3283 KiB  
Review
Valosin-Containing Protein (VCP)/p97: A Prognostic Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Cancer
by Susan Costantini, Francesca Capone, Andrea Polo, Palmina Bagnara and Alfredo Budillon
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(18), 10177; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms221810177 - 21 Sep 2021
Cited by 30 | Viewed by 6230
Abstract
Valosin-containing protein (VCP)/p97, a member of the AAA+ ATPase family, is a molecular chaperone recruited to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane by binding to membrane adapters (nuclear protein localization protein 4 (NPL4), p47 and ubiquitin regulatory X (UBX) domain-containing protein 1 (UBXD1)), where [...] Read more.
Valosin-containing protein (VCP)/p97, a member of the AAA+ ATPase family, is a molecular chaperone recruited to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane by binding to membrane adapters (nuclear protein localization protein 4 (NPL4), p47 and ubiquitin regulatory X (UBX) domain-containing protein 1 (UBXD1)), where it is involved in ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD). However, VCP/p97 interacts with many cofactors to participate in different cellular processes that are critical for cancer cell survival and aggressiveness. Indeed, VCP/p97 is reported to be overexpressed in many cancer types and is considered a potential cancer biomarker and therapeutic target. This review summarizes the role of VCP/p97 in different cancers and the advances in the discovery of small-molecule inhibitors with therapeutic potential, focusing on the challenges associated with cancer-related VCP mutations in the mechanisms of resistance to inhibitors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Prognostic and Predictive Markers in Cancer Progression 2.0)
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16 pages, 544 KiB  
Review
Failure of Immunotherapy—The Molecular and Immunological Origin of Immunotherapy Resistance in Lung Cancer
by Justyna Błach, Kamila Wojas-Krawczyk, Marcin Nicoś and Paweł Krawczyk
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(16), 9030; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22169030 - 21 Aug 2021
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 3068
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have a huge impact on clinical treatment results in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Blocking antibodies targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1) or CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T cell antigen 4) have been [...] Read more.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have a huge impact on clinical treatment results in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Blocking antibodies targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1) or CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T cell antigen 4) have been developed and approved for the treatment of NSCLC patients. However, a large number of patients develop resistance to this type of treatment. Primary and secondary immunotherapy resistance are distinguished. No solid biomarkers are available that are appropriate to predict the unique sensitivity to immunotherapy. Knowledge of predictive markers involved in treatment resistance is fundamental for planning of new treatment combinations. Scientists focused research on the use of immunotherapy as an essential treatment in combination with other therapy strategies, which could increase cancer immunogenicity by generating tumor cells death and new antigen release as well as by targeting other immune checkpoints and tumor microenvironment. In the present review, we summarize the current knowledge of molecular bases underlying immunotherapy resistance and discuss the capabilities and the reason of different therapeutic combinations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Prognostic and Predictive Markers in Cancer Progression 2.0)
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17 pages, 9378 KiB  
Review
Nucleobindin-2/Nesfatin-1—A New Cancer Related Molecule?
by Alicja M. Kmiecik, Piotr Dzięgiel and Marzenna Podhorska-Okołów
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(15), 8313; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22158313 - 02 Aug 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3046
Abstract
Cancer is a heterogeneous disease, and even tumors with similar clinicopathological characteristics show different biology, behavior, and treatment responses. As a result, there is an urgent need to define new prognostic and predictive markers to make treatment options more personalized. According to the [...] Read more.
Cancer is a heterogeneous disease, and even tumors with similar clinicopathological characteristics show different biology, behavior, and treatment responses. As a result, there is an urgent need to define new prognostic and predictive markers to make treatment options more personalized. According to the latest findings, nucleobindin-2/nesfatin-1 (NUCB2/NESF-1) is an important factor in cancer development and progression. Nucleobindin-2 is a precursor protein of nesfatin-1. As NUCB2 and nesfatin-1 are colocalized in each tissue, their expression is often analyzed together as NUCB2. The metabolic function of NUCB2/NESF-1 is related to food intake, glucose metabolism, and the regulation of immune, cardiovascular and endocrine systems. Recently, it has been demonstrated that high expression of NUCB2/NESF-1 is associated with poor outcomes and promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in, e.g., breast, colon, prostate, endometrial, thyroid, bladder cancers, or glioblastoma. Interestingly, nesfatin-1 is also considered an inhibitor of the proliferation of human adrenocortical carcinoma and ovarian epithelial carcinoma cells. These conflicting results make NUCB2/NESF-1 an interesting target of study in the context of cancer progression. The present review is the first to describe NUCB2/NESF-1 as a new prognostic and predictive marker in cancers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Prognostic and Predictive Markers in Cancer Progression 2.0)
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