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Biochemical and Molecular Adaptation to Neuromuscular Conditioning

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Neurobiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2023) | Viewed by 2362

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Systems Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy
Interests: neurophysiology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Systems Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy
Interests: neuromuscular conditioning

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Physical activity and exercise training induce physiological responses in several body districts, improving functional work capacity and metabolic activity (efficiency). Regular physical activity produces metabolic, physiological, hormonal, and molecular changes involving adaptions into biological systems and tissuesMoreover, regular exercise training not only increases the fitness level but also plays a pivotal role in preventing and in some cases delaying, as a form of non-pharmacological treatment, the insurgence of chronic diseases.

In this context, the health benefits induced by exercise involve the activation of multiple pathways that coordinate metabolic response and tissue plasticity. In facts, the adaptive response to regular exercise involves, at the cellular level, the upregulation of the hormonal and enzymatic system modulation in order to increase the protein synthesis and reduce oxidative damage. Nevertheless, the molecular bases for the adaptive changes in skeletal muscle mass, in neural plasticity and metabolic function, remain an area of intense research with the possibility of designing new therapeutic interventions.

For this Special Issue, studies on the impact of exercise on disease and health or sport performance presented in experimental studies focusing on adaptive mechanisms in human and animal models will be appreciated for publication as original or review articles.

Dr. Giovanna D'Arcangelo
Prof. Dr. Giuseppe Annino
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 5036 KiB  
Article
Whole Body Vibration Improves Brain and Musculoskeletal Health by Modulating the Expression of Tissue-Specific Markers: FNDC5 as a Key Regulator of Vibration Adaptations
by Ida Cariati, Roberto Bonanni, Gabriele Pallone, Cristian Romagnoli, Anna Maria Rinaldi, Giuseppe Annino, Giovanna D’Arcangelo and Virginia Tancredi
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(18), 10388; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810388 - 8 Sep 2022
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 1974
Abstract
Whole body vibration (WBV) is well known to exert beneficial effects on multiple tissues, improving synaptic transmission, muscle mass, bone quality, and reducing anxiety and depressive behavior. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not yet fully understood, and organs and tissues may respond [...] Read more.
Whole body vibration (WBV) is well known to exert beneficial effects on multiple tissues, improving synaptic transmission, muscle mass, bone quality, and reducing anxiety and depressive behavior. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not yet fully understood, and organs and tissues may respond differently to the vibratory stimulus depending on multiple factors. Therefore, we investigated the WBV effects on the brain and musculoskeletal tissue of 4-month-old young mice, evaluating synaptic plasticity by electrophysiological recordings and tissue organization by histology and histomorphometric analysis. Specifically, WBV protocols were characterized by the same vibration frequency (45 Hz), but different in vibration exposure time (five series of 3 min for the B protocol and three series of 2 min and 30 s for the C protocol) and recovery time between two vibration sessions (1 min for the B protocol and 2 min and 30 s for the C protocol). In addition, immunohistochemistry was conducted to evaluate the expression of fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5), as well as that of tissue-specific markers, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in brain, myostatin in muscle and collagen I (COL-1) in bone. Our results suggest that the WBV effects depend closely on the type of protocol used and support the hypothesis that different organs or tissues have different susceptibility to vibration. Further studies will be needed to deepen our knowledge of physiological adaptations to vibration and develop customized WBV protocols to improve and preserve cognitive and motor functions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biochemical and Molecular Adaptation to Neuromuscular Conditioning)
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