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Prostate Cancer: Novel Research and Innovative Therapeutic Strategies
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Prostate Cancer: Novel Research and Innovative Therapeutic Strategies

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2024) | Viewed by 1431

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Giovanni Luca Beretta

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
Interests: cancer research; cancer chemotherapy; molecular biology; cell biology; pharmacology; nanomedicine; drug discovery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The incidence of prostate cancer (PCa) in Western developed countries is dramatically increasing. The androgen receptor (AR) plays a central role in the pathogenesis and management of PCa. Localized PCa is treated by radical prostatectomy, whereas androgen deprivation therapy combined with chemotherapy is preferred for locally advanced disease. Despite the significant progress made to date, most PCa patients progress to an androgen-independent stage known as castration-resistant PCa (CRPC). AR signalling is still active in the majority of CRPC patients, resulting in a more aggressive and treatment-resistant disease. This condition has raised many questions about the molecular mechanisms involved in tumour recurrence and has stimulated intensive research aimed at improving our knowledge of PCa evolution and identifying new targets.

This Special Issue focuses on the molecular pathways involved in drug-resistant CRPC and on innovative therapeutic strategies that may improve the clinical management of this disease.

Dr. Giovanni Luca Beretta
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • prostate cancer
  • therapeutic strategy
  • castration-resistant PCa

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 6140 KiB  
Article
Influence of Molecular Design on the Tumor Targeting and Biodistribution of PSMA-Binding Tracers Labeled with Technetium-99m
by Ekaterina Bezverkhniaia, Panagiotis Kanellopoulos, Ulrika Rosenström, Vladimir Tolmachev and Anna Orlova
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(7), 3615; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25073615 - 23 Mar 2024
Viewed by 558
Abstract
Previously, we designed the EuK-based PSMA ligand BQ0413 with an maE3 chelator for labeling with technetium-99m. It showed efficient tumor targeting, but our preclinical data and preliminary clinical results indicated that the renal excretion levels need to be decreased. We hypothesized that [...] Read more.
Previously, we designed the EuK-based PSMA ligand BQ0413 with an maE3 chelator for labeling with technetium-99m. It showed efficient tumor targeting, but our preclinical data and preliminary clinical results indicated that the renal excretion levels need to be decreased. We hypothesized that this could be achieved by a decrease in the ligand’s total negative charge, achieved by substituting negatively charged glutamate residues in the chelator with glycine. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tumor targeting and biodistribution of two new PSMA inhibitors, BQ0411 and BQ0412, compared to BQ0413. Conjugates were radiolabeled with Tc-99m and characterized in vitro, using PC3-pip cells, and in vivo, using NMRI and PC3-pip tumor-bearing mice. [99mTc]Tc-BQ0411 and [99mTc]Tc-BQ0412 demonstrated PSMA-specific binding to PC3-pip cells with picomolar affinity. The biodistribution pattern for the new conjugates was characterized by rapid excretion. The tumor uptake for [99mTc]Tc-BQ0411 was 1.6-fold higher compared to [99mTc]Tc-BQ0412 and [99mTc]Tc-BQ0413. [99mTc]Tc-BQ0413 has demonstrated predominantly renal excretion, while the new conjugates underwent both renal and hepatobiliary excretion. In this study, we have demonstrated that in such small targeting ligands as PSMA-binding EuK-based pseudopeptides, the structural blocks that do not participate in binding could have a crucial role in tumor targeting and biodistribution. The presence of a glycine-based coupling linker in BQ0411 and BQ0413 seems to optimize biodistribution. In conclusion, the substitution of amino acids in the chelating sequence is a promising method to alter the biodistribution of [99mTc]Tc-labeled small-molecule PSMA inhibitors. Further improvement of the biodistribution properties of BQ0413 is needed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prostate Cancer: Novel Research and Innovative Therapeutic Strategies)
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Review

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15 pages, 678 KiB  
Review
Regulation of Molecular Biomarkers Associated with the Progression of Prostate Cancer
by Miguel Martin-Caraballo
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(8), 4171; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25084171 - 10 Apr 2024
Viewed by 477
Abstract
Androgen receptor signaling regulates the normal and pathological growth of the prostate. In particular, the growth and survival of prostate cancer cells is initially dependent on androgen receptor signaling. Exposure to androgen deprivation therapy leads to the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer. There [...] Read more.
Androgen receptor signaling regulates the normal and pathological growth of the prostate. In particular, the growth and survival of prostate cancer cells is initially dependent on androgen receptor signaling. Exposure to androgen deprivation therapy leads to the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer. There is a multitude of molecular and cellular changes that occur in prostate tumor cells, including the expression of neuroendocrine features and various biomarkers, which promotes the switch of cancer cells to androgen-independent growth. These biomarkers include transcription factors (TP53, REST, BRN2, INSM1, c-Myc), signaling molecules (PTEN, Aurora kinases, retinoblastoma tumor suppressor, calcium-binding proteins), and receptors (glucocorticoid, androgen receptor-variant 7), among others. It is believed that genetic modifications, therapeutic treatments, and changes in the tumor microenvironment are contributing factors to the progression of prostate cancers with significant heterogeneity in their phenotypic characteristics. However, it is not well understood how these phenotypic characteristics and molecular modifications arise under specific treatment conditions. In this work, we summarize some of the most important molecular changes associated with the progression of prostate cancers and we describe some of the factors involved in these cellular processes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prostate Cancer: Novel Research and Innovative Therapeutic Strategies)
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