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The Role of Neutrophils in Inflammatory Diseases
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The Role of Neutrophils in Inflammatory Diseases

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2024 | Viewed by 7673

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Akrivi Chrysanthopoulou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biological Applications & Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
Interests: neutrophils/NETs; immunity; inflammation; thrombosis; fibrosis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Neutrophils have been historically linked to antimicrobial functions in acute infection. Recent evidence, however, has engaged them in hitherto unsuspecting functions and so neutrophils are now valued as functionally versatile cells with important roles in chronic inflammation. In particular, shifts in neutrophil phenotype enables them to adapt their function in different inflammatory contexts, in which they exert their regulatory role on both innate and adaptive immune leukocytes. The highly immunogenic products released by neutrophils and enhance inflammatory pathogenic loops can cause chronic inflammation as well as certain social, environmental and lifestyle factors. In turn, chronic inflammation can result in several diseases that collectively represent the leading causes of disability and mortality worldwide. Hence, the multifaceted involvement of neutrophils in several inflammatory conditions makes them exciting targets for therapeutic intervention. Of course, numerous challenges and controversies in the field remain. Overall, I would like to encourage the researchers, involved in such research topics, to provide their data, thoughts and concerns in order to have a more broad view of the current state of the specific research area. Thus, readers will enjoy reading innovative papers, while, overall we will be helped to anticipate the future directions of neutrophil biology.

Dr. Akrivi Chrysanthopoulou
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • neutrophils/NETs
  • inflammation
  • innate immunity
  • trained immunity
  • cytokines
  • infection
  • neutrophil plasticity
  • neutrophil subsets
  • resolution
  • recruitment
  • reverse migration

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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8 pages, 891 KiB  
Communication
Decreased Levels of Soluble Developmental Endothelial Locus-1 Are Associated with Thrombotic Microangiopathy in Pregnancy
by Gioulia Romanidou, Theocharis G. Konstantinidis, Anastasia-Maria Natsi, Konstantia Kantartzi, Maria Panopoulou, Emmanouil Kontomanolis, Christina Tsigalou, Maria Lambropoulou, Eleni Gavriilaki, Stylianos Panagoutsos, Ploumis Pasadakis and Ioannis Mitroulis
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(14), 11762; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411762 - 21 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 845
Abstract
HELLP (Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes and Low Platelets) syndrome is a life-threatening complication of pregnancy, which is often secondary to preeclampsia. To date, there is no biomarker in clinical use for the early stratification of women with preeclampsia who are under increased risk [...] Read more.
HELLP (Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes and Low Platelets) syndrome is a life-threatening complication of pregnancy, which is often secondary to preeclampsia. To date, there is no biomarker in clinical use for the early stratification of women with preeclampsia who are under increased risk of HELLP syndrome. Herein, we show that the levels of circulating developmental endothelial locus-1 (DEL-1), which is an extracellular immunomodulatory protein, are decreased in patients with HELLP syndrome compared to preeclampsia. DEL-1 levels are also negatively correlated with the circulating levels of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), which is a biomarker for disorders associated with kidney damage. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis for DEL-1 levels and the DEL-1 to KIM-1 ratio demonstrates that these values could be used as a potential biomarker that distinguishes patients with HELLP syndrome and preeclampsia. Finally, we show that placental endothelial cells are a source for DEL-1, and that the expression of this protein in placenta from patients with HELLP syndrome is minimal. Taken together, this study shows that DEL-1 is downregulated in HELLP syndrome both in the circulation and at the affected placental tissue, suggesting a potential role for this protein as a biomarker, which must be further evaluated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Neutrophils in Inflammatory Diseases)
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Review

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40 pages, 5060 KiB  
Review
Neutrophils and the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS)
by Janusz P. Sikora, Jakub Karawani and Jarosław Sobczak
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(17), 13469; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713469 - 30 Aug 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2523
Abstract
We are not entirely able to understand, assess, and modulate the functioning of the immune system in clinical situations that lead to a systemic inflammatory response. In the search for diagnostic and treatment strategies (which are still far from perfect), it became very [...] Read more.
We are not entirely able to understand, assess, and modulate the functioning of the immune system in clinical situations that lead to a systemic inflammatory response. In the search for diagnostic and treatment strategies (which are still far from perfect), it became very important to study the pathogenesis and participation of endogenous inflammation mediators. This study attempts to more precisely establish the role of neutrophils in individual phenomena occurring during an inflammatory and anti-inflammatory reaction, taking into account their cidal, immunoregulatory, and reparative abilities. Pro- and anticoagulatory properties of endothelium in systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) are emphasised, along with the resulting clinical implications (the application of immunotherapy using mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) or IL-6 antagonists in sepsis and COVID-19 treatment, among others). Special attention is paid to reactive oxygen species (ROS), produced by neutrophils activated during “respiratory burst” in the course of SIRS; the protective and pathogenic role of these endogenous mediators is highlighted. Moreover, clinically useful biomarkers of SIRS (neutrophil extracellular traps, cell-free DNA, DAMP, TREMs, NGAL, miRNA, selected cytokines, ROS, and recognised markers of endothelial damage from the group of adhesins by means of immunohistochemical techniques) related to the neutrophils are presented, and their role in the diagnosing and forecasting of sepsis, burn disease, and COVID-19 is emphasised. Finally, examples of immunomodulation of sepsis and antioxidative thermal injury therapy are presented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Neutrophils in Inflammatory Diseases)
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16 pages, 1756 KiB  
Review
Methods for the Assessment of NET Formation: From Neutrophil Biology to Translational Research
by Marina Stoimenou, Georgios Tzoros, Panagiotis Skendros and Akrivi Chrysanthopoulou
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(24), 15823; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232415823 - 13 Dec 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3743
Abstract
Several studies have indicated that a neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, apart from its role in host defense, can contribute to or drive pathogenesis in a wide range of inflammatory and thrombotic disorders. Therefore, NETs may serve as a therapeutic target or/and a [...] Read more.
Several studies have indicated that a neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, apart from its role in host defense, can contribute to or drive pathogenesis in a wide range of inflammatory and thrombotic disorders. Therefore, NETs may serve as a therapeutic target or/and a diagnostic tool. Here, we compare the most commonly used techniques for the assessment of NET formation. Furthermore, we review recent data from the literature on the application of basic laboratory tools for detecting NET release and discuss the challenges and the advantages of these strategies in NET evaluation. Taken together, we provide some important insights into the qualitative and quantitative molecular analysis of NETs in translational medicine today. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Neutrophils in Inflammatory Diseases)
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