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Molecular Mechanisms of Angiogenesis

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 July 2024 | Viewed by 357

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Research Group Leader, University Children’s Hospital at University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Interests: mathematical modeling and inference in biology; physiology and epidemiology; computational and systems biology; angiogenesis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Angiogenesis, the process of forming new blood vessels from pre-existing ones, is critically regulated by various factors, most importantly, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). As such, VEGF was suggested for the treatment of coronary artery disease and peripheral arterial disease. Moreover, due to the role of VEGF in tumor vascularization, it was proposed that targeting VEGF or the cell membrane receptor tyrosine kinases it binds to would result in the inhibition of angiogenesis, ultimately counteracting tumor growth in humans. Furthermore, owing to similar reasoning, anti-VEGF drugs have been used for the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

However, despite initial promise, these therapeutic approaches often fail to produce lasting clinical benefits, indicating that our current comprehension of the molecular processes underpinning angiogenesis remains incomplete.

This Special Issue of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences will consist of a compilation of research articles and reviews encompassing diverse facets of biochemistry and molecular biology pertaining to angiogenesis. Contributions on the cell signaling pathways involved, intracellular signal transduction dynamics and molecular characterization, as well as their potential impact on clinical outcomes, are encouraged. Studies on the setup of specific in vitro or in vivo models, including novel molecular biomarkers, will also be considered.

Dr. Edgar Delgado-Eckert
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • angiogenesis
  • VEGF
  • intracellular signaling
  • anti-angiogenic therapy for cancer
  • artery disease
  • age-related macular degeneration

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

44 pages, 3423 KiB  
Review
CX3CL1 (Fractalkine)-CX3CR1 Axis in Inflammation-Induced Angiogenesis and Tumorigenesis
by Dariusz Szukiewicz
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(9), 4679; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25094679 - 25 Apr 2024
Viewed by 207
Abstract
The chemotactic cytokine fractalkine (FKN, chemokine CX3CL1) has unique properties resulting from the combination of chemoattractants and adhesion molecules. The soluble form (sFKN) has chemotactic properties and strongly attracts T cells and monocytes. The membrane-bound form (mFKN) facilitates diapedesis and is responsible for [...] Read more.
The chemotactic cytokine fractalkine (FKN, chemokine CX3CL1) has unique properties resulting from the combination of chemoattractants and adhesion molecules. The soluble form (sFKN) has chemotactic properties and strongly attracts T cells and monocytes. The membrane-bound form (mFKN) facilitates diapedesis and is responsible for cell-to-cell adhesion, especially by promoting the strong adhesion of leukocytes (monocytes) to activated endothelial cells with the subsequent formation of an extracellular matrix and angiogenesis. FKN signaling occurs via CX3CR1, which is the only known member of the CX3C chemokine receptor subfamily. Signaling within the FKN-CX3CR1 axis plays an important role in many processes related to inflammation and the immune response, which often occur simultaneously and overlap. FKN is strongly upregulated by hypoxia and/or inflammation-induced inflammatory cytokine release, and it may act locally as a key angiogenic factor in the highly hypoxic tumor microenvironment. The importance of the FKN/CX3CR1 signaling pathway in tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis results from its influence on cell adhesion, apoptosis, and cell migration. This review presents the role of the FKN signaling pathway in the context of angiogenesis in inflammation and cancer. The mechanisms determining the pro- or anti-tumor effects are presented, which are the cause of the seemingly contradictory results that create confusion regarding the therapeutic goals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms of Angiogenesis)
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