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Cancer Immunotherapy: Tumor Microenvironment, Biomarker Discovery and Immune Resistance 2.0

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 August 2024 | Viewed by 1139

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore | NCCS, Singapore, Singapore
Interests: rare cancers; lymphoma; biomarkers; translational research; genomics; spatial technologies
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The field of cancer immunotherapy continues to excite basic scientific and translational research. From an oncologist’s perspective, immunotherapy has revolutionized contemporary cancer management, and is now considered a standard treatment option for many types of cancer. However, a major unmet need exists in that treatment resistance occurs in the vast majority of patients. A deeper understanding of tumor-intrinsic factors and their interplay with the tumor microenvironment has led to the identification of potential biomarkers of resistance and response, and has opened new avenues to improve upon existing treatment approaches. Moving forwards, it is anticipated that emerging innovative technologies that enable multi-dimensional, high-throughput and multiplex profiling will drive new discoveries in this aspect.

I cordially invite authors to submit original research and review articles to this Special Issue, which addresses the latest progress in and current understanding of complex mechanisms underlying responses and resistance to cancer immunotherapy.

In this Special Issue, experts in the field will review the latest research on the tumor microenvironment and its role in modulating immune resistance across various cancer types. Additionally, the topics will cover broad mechanisms of immunotherapy resistance and novel strategies to overcome them. It will also encourage research articles related to new predictive biomarkers and emerging therapeutic targets, as well as state-of-the-art technologies that accelerate studies in these areas.

Dr. Jason Yongsheng Chan
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • cancer immunotherapy
  • tumor microenvironment
  • biomarkers
  • immune resistance
  • T cells
  • immune checkpoint
  • tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes
  • tumor mutational burden
  • dendritic cells
  • PD-L1

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 3055 KiB  
Article
A Comparison of Spatial and Phenotypic Immune Profiles of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Its Precursor Lesions
by Thomas Enzler, Jiaqi Shi, Jake McGue, Brian D. Griffith, Lei Sun, Vaibhav Sahai, Hari Nathan and Timothy L. Frankel
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(5), 2953; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25052953 - 03 Mar 2024
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Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating disease with a 5-year survival rate of 12.5%. PDAC predominantly arises from non-cystic pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and cystic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN). We used multiplex immunofluorescence and computational imaging technology to characterize, map, and [...] Read more.
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating disease with a 5-year survival rate of 12.5%. PDAC predominantly arises from non-cystic pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and cystic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN). We used multiplex immunofluorescence and computational imaging technology to characterize, map, and compare the immune microenvironments (IMEs) of PDAC and its precursor lesions. We demonstrate that the IME of IPMN was abundantly infiltrated with CD8+ T cells and PD-L1-positive antigen-presenting cells (APCs), whereas the IME of PanIN contained fewer CD8+ T cells and fewer PD-L1-positive APCs but elevated numbers of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (Tregs). Thus, immunosuppression in IPMN and PanIN seems to be mediated by different mechanisms. While immunosuppression in IPMN is facilitated by PD-L1 expression on APCs, Tregs seem to play a key role in PanIN. Our findings suggest potential immunotherapeutic interventions for high-risk precursor lesions, namely, targeting PD-1/PD-L1 in IPMN and CTLA-4-positive Tregs in PanIN to restore immunosurveillance and prevent progression to cancer. Tregs accumulate with malignant transformation, as observed in PDAC, and to a lesser extent in IPMN-associated PDAC (IAPA). High numbers of Tregs in the microenvironment of PDAC went along with a markedly decreased interaction between CD8+ T cells and cancerous epithelial cells (ECs), highlighting the importance of Tregs as key players in immunosuppression in PDAC. We found evidence that a defect in antigen presentation, further aggravated by PD-L1 expression on APC, may contribute to immunosuppression in IAPA, suggesting a role for PD-L1/PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of IAPA. Full article
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