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Special Issue "Molecular Biology and Therapeutic Properties of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells"

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A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 January 2024 | Viewed by 2522

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Dr. Mikhail O. Durymanov

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School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia
Interests: functional biomaterials; drug delivery systems; 3D multicellular models; stem cell biology; cancer biology; cell engineering

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are involved into regulation of stem cell niches in various tissues and play a pivotal role in tissue regeneration. In particular, MSCs are able to replenish stem cell pool at the site of injury via paracrine activity and exosome production. Moreover, MSCs significantly contribute to angiogenesis and extracellullar matrix production that provides mechanical support and nutrient supply to the cells in newly-formed tissue. Owing to the mentioned properties, MSCs and their derivatives have been used for numerous applications in regenerative medicine. It is believed that therapeutic effects of MSCs can be boosted via increase of survival rate and homing of the transplanted cells. It can be achieved due to different methods including chemical functionalization, pre-condition with biologically active molecules or genetic modification.

For this Special Issue, to be published in the International Journal of Molecular Science, researchers who are active in development of MSC-based therapies or in molecular mechanisms of therapeutic effects of MSC are invited to submit their latest results. Papers covering genetic and non-genetic modifications of MSC aiming at improvement of their regenerative properties, are also welcome.

Dr. Mikhail O. Durymanov
Guest Editor

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Keywords

mesenchymal stromal cells
regenerative medicine
growth factor
immunomodulation
cell homing
hypoxia
wound healing
transfection

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

Open AccessArticle

Labeling and Tracking of Individual Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Using Photoconvertible Fluorescent Microcapsules

Valeriia O. Laushkina

Ekaterina A. Mordovina

Daria Tsyupka

Olga S. Epifanovskaya

Anastasiia Yu. Sapach

Irina Yu. Goryacheva

and

Gleb B. Sukhorukov

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(17), 13665; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713665 - 04 Sep 2023

Viewed by 506

Abstract

The behavior and migration of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) are focal points of research in the biomedical field. One of the major aspects is potential therapy using hMCS, but at present, the safety of their use is still controversial owing to limited data on changes that occur with hMSCs in the long term. Fluorescent photoconvertible proteins are intensively used today as “gold standard” to mark the individual cells and study single-cell interactions, migration processes, and the formation of pure lines. A crucial disadvantage of this method is the need for genetic modification of the primary culture, which casts doubt on the possibility of exploring the resulting clones in personalized medicine. Here we present a new approach for labeling and tracking hMSCs without genetic modification based on the application of cell-internalizable photoconvertible polyelectrolyte microcapsules (size: 2.6 ± 0.5 μm). These capsules were loaded with rhodamine B, and after thermal treatment, exhibited fluorescent photoconversion properties. Photoconvertible capsules demonstrated low cytotoxicity, did not affect the immunophenotype of the hMSCs, and maintained a high level of fluorescent signal for at least seven days. The developed approach was tested for cell tracking for four days and made it possible to trace the destiny of daughter cells without the need for additional labeling. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Biology and Therapeutic Properties of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells)

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Open AccessCommunication

The Potential Use of THP-1, a Monocytic Leukemia Cell Line, to Predict Immune-Suppressive Potency of Human Bone-Marrow Stromal Cells (BMSCs) In Vitro: A Pilot Study

and

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(17), 13258; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713258 - 26 Aug 2023

Viewed by 445

Abstract

Adoptive transfer of cultured BMSCs was shown to be immune-suppressive in various inflammatory settings. Many factors play a role in the process, but no master regulator of BMSC-driven immunomodulation was identified. Consequently, an assay that might predict BMSC product efficacy is still unavailable. Below, we show that BMSC donor variability can be monitored by IL-10 production of monocytes/macrophages using THP-1 cells (immortalized monocytic leukemia cells) co-cultured with BMSCs. Using a mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assay, we also compared the ability of the different donor BMSCs to suppress T-cell proliferation, another measure of their immune-suppressive ability. We found that the BMSCs from a donor that induced the most IL-10 production were also the most efficient in suppressing T-cell proliferation. Transcriptome studies showed that the most potent BMSC batch also had higher expression of several known key immunomodulatory molecules such as hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), PDL1, and numerous members of the PGE2 pathway, including PTGS1 and TLR4. Multiplex ELISA experiments revealed higher expression of HGF and IL6 by the most potent BMSC donor. Based on these findings, we propose that THP-1 cells may be used to assess BMSC immunosuppressive activity as a product characterization assay. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Biology and Therapeutic Properties of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells)

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Open AccessArticle

Tissue-Oxygen-Adaptation of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Enhances Their Immunomodulatory and Pro-Angiogenic Capacity, Resulting in Accelerated Healing of Chemical Burns

Valery V. Boyarintsev

Elena V. Kovaleva

Alexander V. Trofimenko

Gleb I. Filkov

Alexandre V. Mezentsev

Sergey P. Rybalkin

and

Mikhail O. Durymanov

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(4), 4102; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24044102 - 17 Feb 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1114

Abstract

Transplantation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) provides a powerful tool for the management of multiple tissue injuries. However, poor survival of exogenous cells at the site of injury is a major complication that impairs MSC therapeutic efficacy. It has been found that tissue-oxygen adaptation or hypoxic pre-conditioning of MSCs could improve the healing process. Here, we investigated the effect of low oxygen tension on the regenerative potential of bone-marrow MSCs. It turned out that incubation of MSCs under a 5% oxygen atmosphere resulted in increased proliferative activity and enhanced expression of multiple cytokines and growth factors. Conditioned growth medium from low-oxygen-adapted MSCs modulated the pro-inflammatory activity of LPS-activated macrophages and stimulated tube formation by endotheliocytes to a much higher extent than conditioned medium from MSCs cultured in a 21% oxygen atmosphere. Moreover, we examined the regenerative potential of tissue-oxygen-adapted and normoxic MSCs in an alkali-burn injury model on mice. It has been revealed that tissue-oxygen adaptation of MSCs accelerated wound re-epithelialization and improved the tissue histology of the healed wounds in comparison with normoxic MSC-treated and non-treated wounds. Overall, this study suggests that MSC adaptation to ‘physiological hypoxia’ could be a promising approach for facilitating skin injuries, including chemical burns. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Biology and Therapeutic Properties of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells)

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Special Issue "Molecular Biology and Therapeutic Properties of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells"

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