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Recent Molecular Research of Neuroscience: Application of Animal Models

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Neurobiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2024 | Viewed by 2237

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Iatridis Spine Bioengineering Laboratory, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
Interests: spine; back pain and intervertebral disc degeneration

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Guest Editor
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
Interests: biological repair and regeneration of the intervertebral disc; Anti-inflammatory therapies for discogenic back pain; Cell therapies for disc degenerative disease and associated disorders; Peripherally restricted non-addictive opioid treatments for chronic back pain

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The realm of molecular neuroscience stands at the forefront of scientific inquiry, offering profound insights into the enigmatic operations of the central and peripheral nervous systems, including the brain, spinal cord, dorsal root ganglion, peripheral nerves, neurons and neurotransmitters. On the molecular level, decades of neuroscience research has provided a better understanding of the intricate workings of the complex nervous system revealing both normal and pathological functions. Advances gained from this field have wide-ranging applications such as developing treatments for neurological disorders, improving education strategies, and enhancing mental health interventions.

A significant facet of contemporary molecular neuroscience research lies in the strategic utilization of animal models, which serve as indispensable tools for investigating the complexities of neural mechanisms at the molecular level, as well as the relationship between behavioral changes and pathology-associated neurological remodeling.

Here, we invite investigators to contribute original research and review articles on the landscape of neuroscience, focusing specifically on the integral role of animal models in advancing our comprehension of the molecular mechanisms of the nervous system, identifying those associated with different pathological conditions, and translating these findings into breakthrough novel therapeutic strategies for addressing a myriad of neurological disorders.

Dr. Alon Lai
Dr. Ana V. Chee
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

23 pages, 7834 KiB  
Article
Annulus Fibrosus Injury Induces Acute Neuroinflammation and Chronic Glial Response in Dorsal Root Ganglion and Spinal Cord—An In Vivo Rat Discogenic Pain Model
by Alon Lai, Denise Iliff, Kashaf Zaheer, Jennifer Gansau, Damien M. Laudier, Venetia Zachariou and James C. Iatridis
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(3), 1762; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25031762 - 01 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1595
Abstract
Chronic painful intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (i.e., discogenic pain) is a major source of global disability needing improved knowledge on multiple-tissue interactions and how they progress in order improve treatment strategies. This study used an in vivo rat annulus fibrosus (AF) injury-driven discogenic [...] Read more.
Chronic painful intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (i.e., discogenic pain) is a major source of global disability needing improved knowledge on multiple-tissue interactions and how they progress in order improve treatment strategies. This study used an in vivo rat annulus fibrosus (AF) injury-driven discogenic pain model to investigate the acute and chronic changes in IVD degeneration and spinal inflammation, as well as sensitization, inflammation, and remodeling in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and spinal cord (SC) dorsal horn. AF injury induced moderate IVD degeneration with acute and broad spinal inflammation that progressed to DRG to SC changes within days and weeks, respectively. Specifically, AF injury elevated macrophages in the spine (CD68) and DRGs (Iba1) that peaked at 3 days post-injury, and increased microglia (Iba1) in SC that peaked at 2 weeks post-injury. AF injury also triggered glial responses with elevated GFAP in DRGs and SC at least 8 weeks post-injury. Spinal CD68 and SC neuropeptide Substance P both remained elevated at 8 weeks, suggesting that slow and incomplete IVD healing provides a chronic source of inflammation with continued SC sensitization. We conclude that AF injury-driven IVD degeneration induces acute spinal, DRG, and SC inflammatory crosstalk with sustained glial responses in both DRGs and SC, leading to chronic SC sensitization and neural plasticity. The known association of these markers with neuropathic pain suggests that therapeutic strategies for discogenic pain need to target both spinal and nervous systems, with early strategies managing acute inflammatory processes, and late strategies targeting chronic IVD inflammation, SC sensitization, and remodeling. Full article
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