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Recent Research in Plant Abiotic Stress

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Dr. Viviana Maresca

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Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cupa Nuova Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy
Interests: abiotic stress; ROS; antioxidant enzymes; ultrastructural damage; DNA damage; environmental pollution

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The effects of environmental changes are one of the most interesting research topics in plant science. Abiotic stresses such as drought, high temperatures, salinity, air and soil pollution or mineral deficiency widely influence plant development and crop productivity. These changes induce an increase in free radicals, or reactive chemical species that can cause cell damage. The responses to these changes involve morpho-anatomical, structural, molecular, biochemical and physiological mechanisms, which allow plants to overcome or adapt to stress conditions.

However, the extent to which these changes occur and the pathways involved in plant acclimation remain unknown because the results are sometimes controversial. This Special Issue will accept full or short reviews and research articles from a broad range of interdisciplinary research on plant and crop responses to abiotic stress, ranging from molecular to morpho-anatomical responses, including novel signal transduction molecules and pathways involved during plant acclimation.

Dr. Viviana Maresca
Guest Editor

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Keywords

abiotic stress
ROS
antioxidant enzymes
molecular responses
biochemical responses
physiological responses
stress tolerance

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22 pages, 7041 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Promising B−Type Response Regulator hst1 Gene Provides Multiple High Temperature and Drought Stress Tolerance in Rice

by Ermelinda Maria Lopes Hornai, Murat Aycan and Toshiaki Mitsui

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(4), 2385; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25042385 - 17 Feb 2024

Viewed by 676

Abstract

High temperatures, drought, and salt stresses severely inhibit plant growth and production due to the effects of climate change. The Arabidopsis ARR1, ARR10, and ARR12 genes were identified as negative salt and drought stress regulators. However, in rice, the tolerance capacity of the hst1 gene, which is orthologous to the ARR1, ARR10, and ARR12 genes, to drought and multiple high temperature and drought stresses remains unknown. At the seedling and reproductive stages, we investigated the drought (DS) high temperature (HT) and multiple high temperature and drought stress (HT+DS) tolerance capacity of the YNU31−2−4 (YNU) genotype, which carries the hst1 gene, and its nearest genomic relative Sister Line (SL), which has a 99% identical genome without the hst1 gene. At the seedling stage, YNU demonstrated greater growth, photosynthesis, antioxidant enzyme activity, and decreased ROS accumulation under multiple HT+DS conditions. The YNU genotype also demonstrated improved yield potential and grain quality due to higher antioxidant enzyme activity and lower ROS generation throughout the reproductive stage under multiple HT+DS settings. Furthermore, for the first time, we discovered that the B−type response regulator hst1 gene controls ROS generation and antioxidant enzyme activities by regulating upstream and downstream genes to overcome yield reduction under multiple high temperatures and drought stress. This insight will help us to better understand the mechanisms of high temperature and drought stress tolerance in rice, as well as the evolution of tolerant crops that can survive increased salinity to provide food security during climate change. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Research in Plant Abiotic Stress)

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