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Bovine Functional Genomics and Epigenetics
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Bovine Functional Genomics and Epigenetics

A special issue of Genes (ISSN 2073-4425). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Genetics and Genomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 September 2023) | Viewed by 2171

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Muhammad Jawad Khan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
Interests: animal biology; gene expression; high throughput transcriptomics analysis; metabolic diseases

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Research in bovine functional genomics and epigenetics can help us to understand how genetic variation affects traits such as milk production, disease resistance and meat quality in cattle. It is a source of information to understand the genetic mechanisms underlying various diseases in bovines. Research in bovine functional genomics and epigenetics can provide several benefits, including i) improved breeding and genetics by understanding the genetic makeup and regulation of genes in cattle; ii) helping farmers and ranchers to better understand the genetic and epigenetic factors that affect the health, growth, and productivity of their animals; iii) giving insights into the genetic mechanisms that underlie specific traits, e.g., milk production and disease resistance; iv) yielding information on the genetic and epigenetic basis of animal behavior, which can be used to improve animal welfare by reducing stress, promoting natural behavior, and reducing the risk of disease; v) identifying genetic mechanisms underlying human health-related diseases, e.g., cancer, and can potentially be used to develop new treatments and therapies; vi) providing information on how different species of cattle adapt to different environments, which can be used to improve conservation efforts and promote biodiversity.

This Special Issue of Genes focuses on the publication of advanced research using cutting-edge research techniques in the field of functional genomics and epigenetics on dairy cattle and beef around the world. We invite interested authors to submit their research and review articles for consideration for publication in this Special Issue of Genes.

Dr. Muhammad Jawad Khan
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Genes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • bovine
  • dairy cattle
  • beef
  • functional genomics
  • epigenetics

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 602 KiB  
Article
Differential Expression of Circadian Clock Genes in the Bovine Neuroendocrine Adrenal System
by Audrey L. Earnhardt-San, Emilie C. Baker, David G. Riley, Noushin Ghaffari, Charles R. Long, Rodolfo C. Cardoso, Ronald D. Randel and Thomas H. Welsh, Jr.
Genes 2023, 14(11), 2082; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14112082 - 15 Nov 2023
Viewed by 875
Abstract
Knowledge of circadian rhythm clock gene expression outside the suprachiasmatic nucleus is increasing. The purpose of this study was to determine whether expression of circadian clock genes differed within or among the bovine stress axis tissues (e.g., amygdala, hypothalamus, pituitary, adrenal cortex, and [...] Read more.
Knowledge of circadian rhythm clock gene expression outside the suprachiasmatic nucleus is increasing. The purpose of this study was to determine whether expression of circadian clock genes differed within or among the bovine stress axis tissues (e.g., amygdala, hypothalamus, pituitary, adrenal cortex, and adrenal medulla). Tissues were obtained at an abattoir from eight mature nonpregnant Brahman cows that had been maintained in the same pasture and nutritional conditions. Sample tissues were stored in RNase-free sterile cryovials at −80 °C until the total RNA was extracted, quantified, assessed, and sequenced (NovaSeq 6000 system; paired-end 150 bp cycles). The trimmed reads were then mapped to a Bos taurus (B. taurus) reference genome (Umd3.1). Further analysis used the edgeR package. Raw gene count tables were read into RStudio, and low-expression genes were filtered out using the criteria of three minimum reads per gene in at least five samples. Normalization factors were then calculated using the trimmed mean of M values method to produce normalized gene counts within each sample tissue. The normalized gene counts important for a circadian rhythm were analyzed within and between each tissue of the stress axis using the GLM and CORR procedures of the Statistical Analysis System (SAS). The relative expression profiles of circadian clock genes differed (p < 0.01) within each tissue, with neuronal PAS domain protein 2 (NPAS2) having greater expression in the amygdala (p < 0.01) and period circadian regulator (PER1) having greater expression in all other tissues (p < 0.01). The expression among tissues also differed (p < 0.01) for individual circadian clock genes, with circadian locomotor output cycles protein kaput (CLOCK) expression being greater within the adrenal tissues and nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1 (NR1D1) expression being greater within the other tissues (p < 0.01). Overall, the results indicate that within each tissue, the various circadian clock genes were differentially expressed, in addition to being differentially expressed among the stress tissues of mature Brahman cows. Future use of these findings may assist in improving livestock husbandry and welfare by understanding interactions of the environment, stress responsiveness, and peripheral circadian rhythms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bovine Functional Genomics and Epigenetics)
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11 pages, 3037 KiB  
Article
Effect of Bovine MEF2A Gene Expression on Proliferation and Apoptosis of Myoblast Cells
by Jinkui Sun, Yong Ruan, Jiali Xu, Pengfei Shi and Houqiang Xu
Genes 2023, 14(7), 1498; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14071498 - 22 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 898
Abstract
Myocyte enhancer factor 2A (MEF2A) is a member of the myocyte enhancer factor 2 family. MEF2A is widely distributed in various tissues and organs and participates in various physiological processes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of MEF2A expression on [...] Read more.
Myocyte enhancer factor 2A (MEF2A) is a member of the myocyte enhancer factor 2 family. MEF2A is widely distributed in various tissues and organs and participates in various physiological processes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of MEF2A expression on the proliferation and apoptosis of bovine myoblasts. CCK8, ELISA, cell cycle, and apoptosis analyses were conducted to assess cell status. In addition, the mRNA expression levels of genes associated with bovine myoblast proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated using RT-qPCR. The results showed that the upregulation of MEF2A mRNA promoted the proliferation rate of myoblasts, shortened the cycle process, and increased the anti-apoptotic rate. Furthermore, the RT-qPCR results showed that the upregulation of MEF2A mRNA significantly increased the cell proliferation factors MyoD1 and IGF1, cell cycle factors CDK2 and CCNA2, and the apoptotic factors Bcl2 and BAD (p < 0.01). These results show that the MEF2A gene can positively regulate myoblast proliferation and anti-apoptosis, providing a basis for the analysis of the regulatory mechanism of the MEF2A gene on bovine growth and development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bovine Functional Genomics and Epigenetics)
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