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Forests
Special Issues
Soil Respiration and CO2 Emission in Tropical Ecosystems
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Soil Respiration and CO2 Emission in Tropical Ecosystems

A special issue of Forests (ISSN 1999-4907). This special issue belongs to the section "Forest Soil".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 1989

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Minaco Adachi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
Interests: soil respiration and soil carbon dynamics; effect of land use change; process-based model

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Soil is a large site of carbon storage in terrestrial ecosystems, and tropical forests contain large amounts of carbon in vegetation and soil. However, tropical forests are changed into secondary forests, plantations, or croplands, and we cannot ignore the amount of carbon emission from land use change or deforestation in tropical regions. Some studies have suggested that the number of wildfires in tropical forests will increase due to global warming in the future. We need more information on soil respiration and CO2 emission in tropical ecosystems to understand the effect of land use change or global warming on the tropical terrestrial ecosystems around the world.

This Special Issue is seeking papers from various ecosystems in tropical regions, with the goal to provide an in-depth understanding of soil respiration and its environmental factors in each ecosystem.

Dr. Minaco Adachi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Forests is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • soil respiration
  • soil water content
  • soil organic carbon
  • microbial respiration
  • root respiration
  • effect of land use change
  • global warming
  • carbon cycle

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 1951 KiB  
Article
Forest Health Assessment in Four Jordanian Reserves Located in Semi-Arid Environments
by Kholoud M. Alananbeh, Yahia A. Othman, Monther M. Tahat, Hussen Al-Dakil, Anas Abu Yahya, Bilal Ayasrah, Thabit Al-Share, Sameh Alkhatatbeh, Rafat Al-Zoubi, Malik Alnaanah, Sufian Malkawy and Muslim B. Alananbeh
Forests 2023, 14(5), 918; https://doi.org/10.3390/f14050918 - 28 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1550
Abstract
Healthy forests are essential to human life because they provide food, energy, and other benefits including carbon sequestration. The objective of this study was to assess the forests health status in Mediterranean ecosystems, specifically, arid to semi-arid. Four forest reserves directed by Royal [...] Read more.
Healthy forests are essential to human life because they provide food, energy, and other benefits including carbon sequestration. The objective of this study was to assess the forests health status in Mediterranean ecosystems, specifically, arid to semi-arid. Four forest reserves directed by Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature, Jordan were evaluated. Plant health indicators [(gas exchange (photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration), chlorophyll, middy stem water potential (Ψsmd), relative water content], regeneration, lichens, plant disease, as well as soil variables (respiration CO2-C, electrical conductivity (EC), pH, microorganisms’ abundance) were measured. The Ψsmd values in those semi-arid/arid ecosystems were within the normal ranges (−0.3 to −1.3 MPa) in spring but was under extreme water stress (−1.6 to −5.3 MPa) in summer in three reserves. Similarly, gas exchange variables reduced by 25%–90% in summer (compared to spring) across the studied forests. Although the regeneration (seedling per 1000 m2) was higher than 100 in two forest (Ajloun and Dibbeen), the number of seedlings in hiking sites was extremely low in both forests. Soil health indicators reveled that soil respiration CO2-C were higher than 25 mg kg−1 in two forests [Ajloun, Dibbeen, (except hiking zone)]. The mean soil saprophytes (number g−1) ranged from 86 to 377 across the forests reserves. In addition, the mean arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (spores 100g−1 soil) was between 350 and 877. Soil EC was consistently optimal (less than 0.5 dS m−1) and pH was slightly basic (7.5–8.3) across the reserves. The results revealed that the fluctuation of rainfall and anthropogenic pressures (grazing, hiking) led to partial forest degradation. When forests (Dana Biosphere Reserve) received 81 mm annual precipitation, Ψsmd values in Juniperus phoenicea at summer ranged from −4.4 to −5.3 MPa, regeneration and lichens were less than 20 per 1000 m2, and several trees were dead after infected with soil and air borne pathogens including wilt diseases and die back. Intensive hiking activities (Dibbeen forests, tourism area) and heavy grazing (Yarmouk frosts) reduced regeneration, lichens and soil respiration. Interestingly, the native species had better water relations (RWC, Ψsmd) and gas exchange performance than the introduced species. Overall, it is better to grow native species, and exclude anthropogenic pressure on the territory of introduced species. The conservation programs must persist to sustain several native historical forest trees including Juniperus phoenicea (>600 year old), Quercus ithaburensis (>500 year old), and Pinus halepensis (>100 year old) at Mediterranean semi-arid forests. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil Respiration and CO2 Emission in Tropical Ecosystems)
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