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Fishes
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Genetics and Breeding in Aquaculture
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Genetics and Breeding in Aquaculture

A special issue of Fishes (ISSN 2410-3888). This special issue belongs to the section "Genetics and Biotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 1 September 2024 | Viewed by 2865

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Xidong Mu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Modern Recreational Fisheries Engineering Technology Center, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
Interests: fish genomics and genetics; molecular breeding; sex determination; population genetics; adaptive evolution

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Aquaculture plays an essential role in addressing the world's increasing food demand. The significance of genetics and breeding in aquaculture is becoming increasingly evident as a result of population development and the depletion of marine resources. The Special Issue “Genetics and Breeding in Aquaculture” highlights the applications of genomics and molecular breeding in aquaculture. Aquaculture has benefited greatly from the extensive application of genomics technologies due to developments in high-throughput sequencing. The focus of the Special Issue is on the use of cutting-edge methods to improve the traits and quality of aquaculture species, such as marker-assisted selection, genome selection, and genome editing. This Special Issue is seeking papers that address the latest developments of genetics and breeding in aquaculture, as well as how these insights might be applied to encourage the advancement of the modern aquaculture industry.

Prof. Dr. Xidong Mu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fishes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • genomics in aquaculture
  • molecular breeding
  • marker-assisted selection
  • genomic selection methods
  • genetic diversity
  • gene editing
  • epigenetics in aquaculture breeding

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 4916 KiB  
Article
Mechanistic Insights into Nonylphenol Stress on BMP2 and BMP4 Gene Expression in Red Crucian Carp (Carassius auratus red var.)
by Die Li, Xiaojuan Cui, Shuailin Chen, Jia Xu, Yujing Li, Qiongyu Zhang and Yuandong Sun
Fishes 2024, 9(5), 159; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9050159 (registering DOI) - 28 Apr 2024
Viewed by 54
Abstract
Nonylphenol (NP) is a known endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) that has been shown to affect bone development in mammals. However, the detrimental impacts of NP on the skeletal growth and development of aquatic species, especially bony fish, remain poorly understood. Bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs), [...] Read more.
Nonylphenol (NP) is a known endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) that has been shown to affect bone development in mammals. However, the detrimental impacts of NP on the skeletal growth and development of aquatic species, especially bony fish, remain poorly understood. Bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs), essential for bone formation and osteoblast differentiation, act through the BMP-Smad signaling pathway. In this study, two BMP genes, BMP2 and BMP4, were cloned and characterized in the red crucian carp (Carassius auratus red var.). The full-length cDNAs of BMP2 and BMP4 were 2029 bp and 2095 bp, respectively, encoding polypeptides of 411 and 433 amino acids, and share a typical TGF-β domain with other BMPs. The tissue expression patterns of both genes were identified, showing ubiquitous expression across all studied tissues. Additionally, the exposure of embryos or adult fish to NP stress resulted in a downregulation of BMP2, BMP4, and other genes associated with the BMP-Smad signaling pathway. Moreover, the combined treatment of adult fish with NP and the specific BMP receptor inhibitor significantly reduced these genes’ expression. These findings elucidate the mechanism of NP stress on BMP2 and BMP4, suggesting a role for the BMP-Smad signaling pathway in the response to endocrine-disrupting chemicals in fish. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics and Breeding in Aquaculture)
21 pages, 5600 KiB  
Article
Molecular Characteristics, Expression Patterns, and Response of Insulin-like Growth Factors Gene Induced by Sex Steroid Hormones in Blotched Snakehead (Channa maculata)
by Xiaotian Zhang, Yuxia Wu, Yang Zhang, Jin Zhang, Kunci Chen, Haiyang Liu, Qing Luo, Shuzhan Fei, Jian Zhao and Mi Ou
Fishes 2024, 9(4), 120; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9040120 - 28 Mar 2024
Viewed by 504
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) play central roles in the growth and development of vertebrates. Blotched snakehead (Channa maculata), an economically significant fish, exhibits obvious sexual dimorphism and achieves sexual maturity in one year. However, the role of IGFs in C. maculata [...] Read more.
Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) play central roles in the growth and development of vertebrates. Blotched snakehead (Channa maculata), an economically significant fish, exhibits obvious sexual dimorphism and achieves sexual maturity in one year. However, the role of IGFs in C. maculata remains unknown. Three IGF genes were identified in C. maculata, designated as CmIGF1-1, CmIGF1-2, and CmIGF2. The cDNA sequences of these genes are 1184, 655, and 695 bp, encoding putative proteins of 168, 131, and 215 amino acids, respectively, and all three proteins contain a conserved IGF domain. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) revealed the predominant expression of CmIGFs in the liver of adult fish, with higher expression levels observed in males. Notably, CmIGF1-1, CmIGF1-2, and CmIGF2 displayed analogous expression profiles in the liver across various developmental stages, peaking at 365 days after hatching (dah). Subsequently, 600 individuals at 75 dah, at an early developmental stage, were randomly divided equally into six groups and reared in aerated 2 m × 2 m × 2 m cement ponds at 26.0 ± 1.0 °C. Following a one-week acclimatization period, fish without observed abnormalities were intraperitoneally injected with either 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) or 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) at a dose of 10 μg/g body weight. Three groups underwent short-term hormone treatment, and the remaining three groups underwent long-term hormone treatment, which included five injections at two-week intervals over ten weeks. The analysis of CmIGFs expression levels in the liver under different hormone treatments revealed that EE2 suppressed the expression of CmIGF1-1 and CmIGF1-2 while promoting CmIGF2 expression. In females, MT up-regulated the expression of CmIGF1-1 and CmIGF2 in a time-dependent manner, but consistently inhibited CmIGF2 expression. In males, MT promoted the expression of CmIGFs in a time-dependent manner, reaching peak levels for CmIGF1-1, CmIGF1-2, and CmIGF2 after 8, 10, and 2 weeks of injection, respectively. Additionally, CmIGF1 and CmIGF2 might exhibit a complementary relationship, with a compensatory increase in CmIGF2 expression in response to low CmIGF1 concentration. These findings highlight the potential key role of IGFs upon growth and their regulation by sex steroid hormones in C. maculata, providing a crucial foundation for future research aimed at elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying the growth dimorphism between female and male blotched snakeheads. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics and Breeding in Aquaculture)
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13 pages, 3760 KiB  
Article
Heritability Estimates for Growth Traits and Correlation Analysis between Weight and Metamorphosis Rate in the Bullfrog Rana (Aquarana) catesbeiana
by Wencheng Xu, Yanzhe Wang, Guodong Wang, Lili Zhang, Guiling Zhang, Zhipeng Huo and Hui Ge
Fishes 2024, 9(3), 105; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9030105 - 09 Mar 2024
Viewed by 775
Abstract
Metamorphosis is a crucial process in the life cycle of Rana (Aquarana) catesbeiana. R. catesbeiana tadpoles, in their short larval period, possess a high survival rate and also a highly competitive ability in the amphibious stage. In actual seed production, [...] Read more.
Metamorphosis is a crucial process in the life cycle of Rana (Aquarana) catesbeiana. R. catesbeiana tadpoles, in their short larval period, possess a high survival rate and also a highly competitive ability in the amphibious stage. In actual seed production, the economic traits of larval period and metamorphosis rate are used as quantifiable indicators of quality for individuals and populations, respectively. However, studies of these economic traits in larval cultivation and production are still lacking. In this study, we constructed 40 full-sib families of R. catesbeiana and measured the weight and metamorphosis rate of tadpoles at different developmental stages. Subsequently, we calculated the phenotypic and genetic association between weight and metamorphosis rate in tadpoles and assessed the heritability of these two traits. The heritabilities of weight at three developmental stages were all higher than 0.40 and decreased with advancement of the developmental stage; the heritability of the metamorphosis rate was 0.18 ± 0.20, a moderate level. Correlation analysis of weight and metamorphosis rate at each developmental stage in each tadpole family showed that weight at stages 25-I, 25-II, and 25-III was significantly correlated at the phenotypic level but non-significantly at the genetic level. The metamorphosis rate was only moderately associated with stage 25-III weight (0.38, p < 0.05). The results of this study confirm the importance and transportability of tadpole weight in actual seed production and provide basic data and a potentially optimized direction for the selective breeding of high-metamorphosis-rate bullfrogs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics and Breeding in Aquaculture)
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15 pages, 3215 KiB  
Article
Does Size Matter? Small and Large Larvae of Pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) in a Comparative Gene Expression Analysis
by Katrin Tönißen, George Philipp Franz, Alexander Rebl, Philipp Lutze and Bianka Grunow
Fishes 2024, 9(1), 33; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9010033 - 12 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1218
Abstract
Size differences are common in the aquaculture of fishes. In the larviculture of cannibalistic species such as pikeperch, they majorly influence mortality rates and consequently provoke losses in the aquaculture industry. With this study, we aim to reveal molecular differences between small and [...] Read more.
Size differences are common in the aquaculture of fishes. In the larviculture of cannibalistic species such as pikeperch, they majorly influence mortality rates and consequently provoke losses in the aquaculture industry. With this study, we aim to reveal molecular differences between small and large pikeperch of the same age using a set of 20 genes associated with essential developmental processes. Hereby, we applied a general study design to early and late larval pikeperch before the onset of piscivory to explore the causes of growth differences in these developmental groups. The analysis of the expression levels showed developmental but not size-related differences in PGC1A, TGFB1, MYOD1, MRF4, and the collagens COL1A1 and COL1A2. Furthermore, increased head lengths were found in larger late larvae compared to their smaller conspecifics. While no uniquely size-related expression differences were found, the expression patterns of PGC1A in combination with TGFB1 as regulators of the citric acid cycle indicate a possible influence of mitochondrial energy metabolism. Furthermore, expression differences of MYOD1 and MRF4 point out possible temporal advantages of myogenetic processes in the larger late larval group and hypothesise growth advantages of the larger late larvae resulting from various influences, which provide a promising target for future research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics and Breeding in Aquaculture)
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