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Energies
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Heating, Cooling, and Ventilation Systems: Applications and Performance 2022
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Heating, Cooling, and Ventilation Systems: Applications and Performance 2022

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "J: Thermal Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (6 April 2022) | Viewed by 5038

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jan Kaczmarczyk

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Heating, Ventilation and Dust Removal Technology, Faculty of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Interests: ventilation and air conditioning systems; individual control; energy consumption analysis; thermal comfort; indoor air quality; impact of the indoor environment on occupants
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Joanna Ferdyn-Grygierek

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Heating, Ventilation and Dust Removal Technology, Faculty of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 20, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Interests: smart heating and ventilation systems in building; building performance simulation; optimization models for building thermal design; microclimate in buildings; IEQ assessment; LCC in buildings
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Robert Sekret

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Environmental Engineering, Czestochowa University of Technology, Czestochowa, Poland
Interests: heating and cooling systems; heat and cool storage; renewable energy sources; energy consumption analysis; development of HVAC systems for zero energy buildings; effective district heating and cooling systems; LCA analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Buildings account for a substantial proportion of global energy consumption and contribute significantly to CO2 emissions. The largest contributors to high-energy consumption in buildings are heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. Increased energy use by HVAC systems may arise from inappropriate system selection, incorrect design, as well as errors made during their installation, operation, and maintenance. Therefore, it is important to search for and apply efficient, innovative HVAC solutions and assure their adequate operation. A smart control system and the use of passive heating and cooling techniques also contribute to increase energy efficiency. While focusing on energy efficiency, one should not forget about maintaining the appropriate quality of the indoor environment and, in the case of buildings intended for people occupancy, also the comfort of the users. The key task is to determine the appropriate HVAC solution, which can maintain the assumed thermal parameters and air quality in the room, regardless of changing internal and external heat loads. This is especially important in the context of global warming. In temperate climates, the hitherto applied HVAC system design may need to be reevaluated.

This Special Issue focuses on documenting the performance of heating, ventilation, and cooling systems in buildings, demonstrating new solutions and innovative applications of HVAC systems. For publication, we invite original papers containing experimental research, case studies, or extensive discussion on this topic.

Prof. Dr. Jan Kaczmarczyk
Prof. Dr. Joanna Ferdyn-Grygierek
Prof. Dr. Robert Sekret
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • innovative HVAC solutions
  • ventilation systems
  • heating systems
  • cooling systems
  • indoor environment
  • energy efficiency
  • control of HVAC systems
  • HVAC optimization
  • user behavior

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 4482 KiB  
Article
Thermal—Airflow Coupling in Hourly Energy Simulation of a Building with Natural Stack Ventilation
by Piotr Michalak
Energies 2022, 15(11), 4175; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15114175 - 06 Jun 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1535
Abstract
Natural ventilation dominates in Polish residential buildings. It is a simple and low-cost system but its performance is affected by varying environmental conditions. Hence, setting up constant ventilation airflow results in errors when calculating heating and cooling energy. In this paper, an attempt [...] Read more.
Natural ventilation dominates in Polish residential buildings. It is a simple and low-cost system but its performance is affected by varying environmental conditions. Hence, setting up constant ventilation airflow results in errors when calculating heating and cooling energy. In this paper, an attempt to integrate the buoyancy effect in natural ventilation of a residential building at hourly resolution with the hourly simulation method of EN ISO 13790 to obtain energy use for space heating and cooling is presented. The ping-pong coupling algorithm was proposed and applied. Hourly variation of ventilation airflow rate was from −26.8 m3/h (flow from outdoor to the interior of the building) to 87.2 m3/h with 55 m3/h on average. The lack of a cooling system resulted in overheating during summer and indicated the necessity of its application or use of other techniques to reduce solar gains. Application of the cooling system resulted in an hourly ventilation rate from −38.0 m3/h to 87.2 m3/h. Detailed simulation in EnergyPlus and statistical analysis proved the applicability of the proposed method in stack-induced ventilation assessment. The coefficient of determination R2 = 0.936, mean squared error MAE = 5.72 m3/h and root mean square error RMSE = 7.86 m3/h. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heating, Cooling, and Ventilation Systems: Applications and Performance 2022)
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16 pages, 2130 KiB  
Article
Directions of Modification of the Model of Perception of the Thermal Environment by Patients of Selected Hospital Wards
by Piotr Uścinowicz and Anna Bogdan
Energies 2022, 15(11), 3965; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15113965 - 27 May 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1176
Abstract
Patients are different regarding their health conditions, illnesses and ailments, and mobility. These and other factors could affect their specific feelings about the thermal environment. Current methods of predicting thermal sensations were developed based on research on a group of healthy people. Therefore, [...] Read more.
Patients are different regarding their health conditions, illnesses and ailments, and mobility. These and other factors could affect their specific feelings about the thermal environment. Current methods of predicting thermal sensations were developed based on research on a group of healthy people. Therefore, the use of these methods with patients should be verified. This paper aimed to verify selected thermal comfort models in terms of their reliability to predict the average assessment of thermal conditions in the patient rooms and the percentage of dissatisfied patients. Thermal condition analyses were based on microclimate parameter measurements and extensive questionnaires among patients, done in parallel in the hospital’s patient rooms. The research was carried out in 23 hospitals located in the following provinces in Poland: (Warmińsko-Mazurskie, Kujawsko-Pomorskie, Mazowieckie, Wielkopolskie, Łódzkie, Świętokrzyskie, Lubelskie and Dolnośląskie). Overall, 890 patients from 14 different specialities participated in the research. Actual thermal sensations of patients differed from predictions obtained from selected thermal comfort models. A comparison of the actual thermal sensations with the PMV model indicates the shift of the comfort curve towards cooler rather than neutral conditions. A comparison of the same to the adaptive model predictions indicates that patients had a higher dissatisfaction rate and preferred cooler thermal conditions than predicted. Research findings show that normative models are not fully reliable in predicting patients’ thermal sensations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heating, Cooling, and Ventilation Systems: Applications and Performance 2022)
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22 pages, 9390 KiB  
Article
The Required Amount of Ventilation Air for the Classroom and the Possibility of Air Infiltration through the Windows
by Piotr Lis and Anna Lis
Energies 2021, 14(22), 7537; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14227537 - 11 Nov 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1683
Abstract
The majority of education buildings in Poland are equipped with natural (gravity) ventilation, where the air inflow depends on the level of window airtightness. A complete statistical urban population of 50 school buildings in Czestochowa have been examined. The main issue to be [...] Read more.
The majority of education buildings in Poland are equipped with natural (gravity) ventilation, where the air inflow depends on the level of window airtightness. A complete statistical urban population of 50 school buildings in Czestochowa have been examined. The main issue to be clarified is the answer to the following questions: Is it theoretically possible to supply enough air to meet the ventilation requirements with gravity ventilation? What is the airtightness of the windows at which it will be possible? The average technical conditions of windows in the analysed buildings were bad. However, only in the case in which high external air leakage coefficient a = 7.0 m3/(h m daPa2/3) (q100KL = 32.4912 m3/(h m) is the amount of air passing through the leaks similar to the quantitative ventilation requirements for classrooms. The quantity of air flowing from the outside through modernized windows that meet the technical requirements (a = 0.6 to 1.0 m3/(m h daPa2/3)) covers on average only about 12% and about 21% of the ventilation needs. Without installing additional vents in the rooms, or better yet, installing mechanical ventilation with heat recovery, meeting the ventilation norm requirements will be impossible. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heating, Cooling, and Ventilation Systems: Applications and Performance 2022)
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