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Shallow Geothermal Energy 2023
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Shallow Geothermal Energy 2023

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "H: Geo-Energy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2024 | Viewed by 4026

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Javier F. Urchueguía

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Industrial Engineering, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
Interests: renewable heating and cooling; heat pumps; shallow geothermal energy; green house gas emission quantification systems; governance tools for GHG reduction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Borja Badenes

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Information and Communication Technologies versus Climate Change (ICTvsCC) ,Institute of Information Technologies and Communications(ITACA), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
Interests: geothermal energy; shallow geothermal energy; ground source heat pumps; thermal response test (TRT); energy efficiency; nZEB building; energy modeling; thermal modeling; hydrothermal modeling; geothermal heat pumps; cost-saving; geothermal drilling; thermal efficiency; thermal storage; thermal energy; borehole thermal store; phase change materials (PCM)
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Guest Editor is delighted to invite you to submit contributions to a Special Issue of Energies on the subject area “Shallow Geothermal Energy 2023”. Shallow geothermal technology, often termed as ground source heat pumps (GSHP), is among the renewable heating and cooling technologies, one that offers a one-in-all approach to the urgent necessity of systems that are at the same time efficient, renewable, and highly integrable with other RES as well as within the existing electricity grid. In recent years, much research has been focused on critical areas to improve the cost, efficiency, and social acceptance of these systems, still finding serious barriers that hinder a more generalized adoption by different stakeholders. This Special Issue, thereafter, includes but is not necessarily limited to the following list of topics: 

  • Open and hybrid systems and integration with other renewable energy sources;
  • Integration in the built environment;
  • Advances in design of systems;
  • Thermal response testing;
  • Improvement in materials;
  • Advances in drilling and installation methods;
  • Mapping of resources;
  • Social acceptance;
  • Life cycle cost analysis and other analytic methods.

Prof. Dr. Javier F. Urchueguía
Dr. Borja Badenes
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • shallow geothermal energy ground source heat pumps
  • thermal response testing hybrid system
  • building integration drilling design software
  • analytic or numeric heat transfer analysis life cycle analysis
  • exergy analysis geothermal resource mapping open loop systems
  • closed loop systems social acceptance
  • material for pipes grouting phase change materials

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 5770 KiB  
Article
Hybrid (Gas and Geothermal) Greenhouse Simulations Aimed at Optimizing Investment and Operative Costs: A Case Study in NW Italy
by Jessica Maria Chicco, Leonardo Fonte, Giuseppe Mandrone, Andrea Tartaglino and Damiano Vacha
Energies 2023, 16(9), 3931; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16093931 - 06 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1035
Abstract
Generally, greenhouses are high energy-consuming, sometimes accounting for 50% of the cost of greenhouse production. Geothermal energy plays a very important role in maintaining the desired temperature and reducing energy consumption. This work deals with a project of a hybrid heating plant (97% [...] Read more.
Generally, greenhouses are high energy-consuming, sometimes accounting for 50% of the cost of greenhouse production. Geothermal energy plays a very important role in maintaining the desired temperature and reducing energy consumption. This work deals with a project of a hybrid heating plant (97% geothermal energy and 3% gas-condensing boiler) for the innovative Plant Phenotyping Greenhouse at the University Campus in Grugliasco (few km West of the city of Turin). The aim of the study is to testify to the energy efficiency of this kind of hybrid plant as well as its economic sustainability. Numerical simulations of a GRT were used to calibrate the system and verify that the software reasonably modeled the real case. They helped to correctly size the geothermal plant, also providing data about the thermal energy storage and production during on and off plant cycles. The results show a thermal power of 50.92 kW over 120 days of plant operation, in line with the expected energy needs to meet the base load demand. Long-term results further ensure a negligeable impact on the ground, with a thermal plume between 5 and 10 m from the plant, reducing substantially in a few months after switching off the plant. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Shallow Geothermal Energy 2023)
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18 pages, 5912 KiB  
Article
Energetic Analysis of Low Global Warming Potential Refrigerants as Substitutes for R410A and R134a in Ground-Source Heat Pumps
by Laura Fedele, Sergio Bobbo, Davide Menegazzo, Michele De Carli, Laura Carnieletto, Fabio Poletto, Andrea Tarabotti, Dimitris Mendrinos, Giulia Mezzasalma and Adriana Bernardi
Energies 2023, 16(9), 3757; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16093757 - 27 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1169
Abstract
The European building sector is responsible for approximately 40% of total energy consumption and for 36% of greenhouse gas emissions. Identifying technological solutions capable of reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions is one of the main objectives of the European Commission. Ground [...] Read more.
The European building sector is responsible for approximately 40% of total energy consumption and for 36% of greenhouse gas emissions. Identifying technological solutions capable of reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions is one of the main objectives of the European Commission. Ground source heat pumps (GSHPs) are of particular interest for this purpose, promising a considerable reduction in greenhouse gas emissions of HVAC systems. This paper reports the results of the energetic analysis carried out within the EU research project GEO4CIVHIC about the performance of geothermal heat pumps working with low-GWP refrigerants as alternatives for R134a and R410A. The work has been carried out through computer simulations based on base and regenerative reverse cycles. Several heat sink and heat source temperature conditions have been considered in order to evaluate the GSHPs’ performance in the whole range of real conditions that can be found in Europe. Particular attention has been paid to the evaluation of compression isentropic efficiency and its influence on the overall cycle performance when dealing with steady-state heat pump simulations. To do so, five different scenarios of isentropic efficiency calculation have been studied and discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Shallow Geothermal Energy 2023)
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24 pages, 4814 KiB  
Article
Advanced Exergoeconomic Assessment of CO2 Emissions, Geo-Fluid and Electricity in Dual Loop Geothermal Power Plant
by Onur Vahip Güler, Emine Yağız Gürbüz, Aleksandar G. Georgiev and Ali Keçebaş
Energies 2023, 16(8), 3466; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16083466 - 15 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1150
Abstract
Binary geothermal power plants (GPPs) are mostly encountered in geothermal fields with medium and low temperatures. The design and operation of dual binary GPPs can be difficult due to the geothermal fluid properties. This affects their performance and feasibility. Thermoeconomics are essential elements [...] Read more.
Binary geothermal power plants (GPPs) are mostly encountered in geothermal fields with medium and low temperatures. The design and operation of dual binary GPPs can be difficult due to the geothermal fluid properties. This affects their performance and feasibility. Thermoeconomics are essential elements for the design and operation of the GPPs. In this study, advanced exergoeconomic analysis is applied to a true dual binary GPP (as a case study) to further evaluate it from performance and economic perspectives. In analysis, the specific exergy cost (SPECO) method is used. Then, some specific indicators are presented to evaluate the performance and economics of the GPP. Thus, technical and economic solutions have been developed in the design and operation stages through the analysis. The results of the study indicated that the total operating cost of 1218 USD/h could be reduced to 186 USD/h by improving the operating conditions. This corresponds to an 85% decrease. The cost per electricity generated, cost per geothermal energy input, and cost per CO2 emission of the GPP are determined as 0.049 USD/kWh, 5.3 USD/GJ, and 0.13 USD/kg, respectively. As a result, while the savings potential of the GPP is 15%, it can result in a 15% reduction in CO2 emission cost. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Shallow Geothermal Energy 2023)
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