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Cells
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Sepsis: Genetics, Pathogenesis, Diagnostics and Therapeutics
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Sepsis: Genetics, Pathogenesis, Diagnostics and Therapeutics

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cellular Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 November 2023) | Viewed by 7876

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Alberto Tosoni

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
Interests: sepsis; internal medicine; addiction medicine; gastroenterology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Antonio Mirijello

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
Interests: sepsis; internal medicine; addiction medicine; alcohol use disorders; alcoholic cardiomyopathy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Although sepsis is the leading cause of death worldwide and despite decades of scientific research on the subject, we are still far from having a complete understanding of the mechanisms underlying the evolution from human infection to sepsis. Behind what is defined as an inappropriate response of the host to an infection, there is the complex involvement of multiple pathways: genetic, epigenetic, autonomic, hormonal, metabolic, pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory. Each of these pathways can be altered as a consequence of the specific characteristics of hosts, pathogens and host–pathogen interaction.

A “one size fits all” approach is not sufficient to meet individual patients’ needs, instead requiring a therapeutic approach that considers predisposing factors, genetic traits, and more.

It is in this context that new scenarios have been opening up for understanding and managing sepsis, including the use of new diagnostic tools, the growing role of artificial intelligence, the development of better antibiotic therapy strategies and the optimization of involved health resources.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to bring to light the complex and unexplored aspects of the multi-faceted sepsis process: from cellular alterations to clinical manifestations, from metabolomics to artificial intelligence-derived algorithms, and from standard of care to personalized medicine.

Dr. Alberto Tosoni
Dr. Antonio Mirijello
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cells is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sepsis
  • immune response
  • immune cells
  • inflammation
  • sepsis-induced immunosuppression
  • diagnosis
  • antibiotic treatment
  • multi-drug resistance
  • metabolomics

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

20 pages, 1147 KiB  
Review
Pathophysiology of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation in Sepsis: A Clinically Focused Overview
by Ahsanullah Unar, Lorenzo Bertolino, Fabian Patauner, Raffaella Gallo and Emanuele Durante-Mangoni
Cells 2023, 12(17), 2120; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12172120 - 22 Aug 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 4977
Abstract
Sepsis is a major global health problem that results from a dysregulated and uncontrolled host response to infection, causing organ failure. Despite effective anti-infective therapy and supportive treatments, the mortality rate of sepsis remains high. Approximately 30–80% of patients with sepsis may develop [...] Read more.
Sepsis is a major global health problem that results from a dysregulated and uncontrolled host response to infection, causing organ failure. Despite effective anti-infective therapy and supportive treatments, the mortality rate of sepsis remains high. Approximately 30–80% of patients with sepsis may develop disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), which can double the mortality rate. There is currently no definitive treatment approach for sepsis, with etiologic treatment being the cornerstone of therapy for sepsis-associated DIC. Early detection, diagnosis, and treatment are critical factors that impact the prognosis of sepsis-related DIC. Over the past several decades, researchers have made continuous efforts to better understand the mechanisms of DIC in sepsis, as well as improve its quantitative diagnosis and treatment. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of sepsis-related DIC, focusing on common causes and diagnoses, with the goal of guiding healthcare providers in the care of patients with sepsis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sepsis: Genetics, Pathogenesis, Diagnostics and Therapeutics)
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43 pages, 1030 KiB  
Review
The Regulation of Neutrophil Migration in Patients with Sepsis: The Complexity of the Molecular Mechanisms and Their Modulation in Sepsis and the Heterogeneity of Sepsis Patients
by Øystein Bruserud, Knut Anders Mosevoll, Øyvind Bruserud, Håkon Reikvam and Øystein Wendelbo
Cells 2023, 12(7), 1003; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12071003 - 24 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2404
Abstract
Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Common causes include gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria as well as fungi. Neutrophils are among the first cells to arrive at an infection site where they function as important [...] Read more.
Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Common causes include gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria as well as fungi. Neutrophils are among the first cells to arrive at an infection site where they function as important effector cells of the innate immune system and as regulators of the host immune response. The regulation of neutrophil migration is therefore important both for the infection-directed host response and for the development of organ dysfunctions in sepsis. Downregulation of CXCR4/CXCL12 stimulates neutrophil migration from the bone marrow. This is followed by transmigration/extravasation across the endothelial cell barrier at the infection site; this process is directed by adhesion molecules and various chemotactic gradients created by chemotactic cytokines, lipid mediators, bacterial peptides, and peptides from damaged cells. These mechanisms of neutrophil migration are modulated by sepsis, leading to reduced neutrophil migration and even reversed migration that contributes to distant organ failure. The sepsis-induced modulation seems to differ between neutrophil subsets. Furthermore, sepsis patients should be regarded as heterogeneous because neutrophil migration will possibly be further modulated by the infecting microorganisms, antimicrobial treatment, patient age/frailty/sex, other diseases (e.g., hematological malignancies and stem cell transplantation), and the metabolic status. The present review describes molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of neutrophil migration; how these mechanisms are altered during sepsis; and how bacteria/fungi, antimicrobial treatment, and aging/frailty/comorbidity influence the regulation of neutrophil migration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sepsis: Genetics, Pathogenesis, Diagnostics and Therapeutics)
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