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Catalysts
Special Issues
Metal Oxide Catalysts: Synthesis and Applications
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Metal Oxide Catalysts: Synthesis and Applications

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Catalytic Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 8659

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Guozhu Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
Interests: metal oxide; hollow/porous structure; core–shell; metal–support interaction; composites

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metal oxides represent one of the most important classes of heterogeneous catalysts in catalysis. So far, it is well accepted that the performance of metal oxide catalysts largely depends on their size, shape (e.g., with high-index exposed facets), microstructure (e.g., with hollow/porous structure), defects (e.g., oxygen vacancies) and compositions. Therefore, synthetic strategies are the prerequisite for the development of metal oxide catalysts. This Special Issue of Catalysts on “Metal Oxide Catalysts: Synthesis and Applications” focuses on the development of synthetic procedures for metal oxides and their applications in heterogeneous catalysis. We warmly welcome contributions from the rational design and synthesis of metal oxides, including but not limited to novel synthetic strategies and advanced characterization. For the applications of metal oxide catalysts, modifications of currently used industrial catalysts, new model reactions and/or reasonable explanations for structure–performance relationships are also warmly welcomed. 

Prof. Dr. Guozhu Chen
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Catalysts is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metal oxides
  • hollow/porous
  • composites
  • core–shell
  • synergistic effect
  • metal–support interaction

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

25 pages, 5158 KiB  
Article
Mixed Oxides Derived from Hydrotalcites Mg/Al Active in the Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation of Furfural to Furfuryl Alcohol
by Raquel López-Asensio, Juan Antonio Cecilia-Buenestado, Concepción Herrera-Delgado, María Ángeles Larrubia-Vargas, Cristina García-Sancho, Pedro Jesús Maireles-Torres and Ramón Moreno-Tost
Catalysts 2023, 13(1), 45; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13010045 - 26 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2132
Abstract
Herein, a family of Mg/Al hydrotalcites was synthesized as catalytic precursors of MgAlOx mixed oxides. Both hydrotalcites and mixed oxides were characterized and the mixed oxides were tested in the reduction of furfural to yield furfuryl alcohol by MPV reaction using isopropanol [...] Read more.
Herein, a family of Mg/Al hydrotalcites was synthesized as catalytic precursors of MgAlOx mixed oxides. Both hydrotalcites and mixed oxides were characterized and the mixed oxides were tested in the reduction of furfural to yield furfuryl alcohol by MPV reaction using isopropanol as hydrogen donor. Different catalytic parameters were tested, such as the type of alcohol, calcination temperature of the hydrotalcite, and reaction temperature. Furfural and isopropanol were adsorbed on the MgAl-3 catalyst to follow the species adsorbed on the catalyst by FTIR analysis. The results showed that the isopropanol was activated as isopropoxide and furfural changed the adsorption site with increasing temperature but maintaining the h1-conformation. The catalytic performances were associated with the basicity of the catalysts and the deactivation processes have been attributed to the existence of adsorbed species on the surface, mainly due to furfural-derived compounds. The catalysts were reused in three consecutive cycles showing a sharp drop of catalytic activity. To recover the activity, the catalysts were calcined at 500 °C but the activity was only partially recovered. The XPS analysis after reactivation showed that the catalyst surface was modified due to the segregation of hydroxides of Mg and Al. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal Oxide Catalysts: Synthesis and Applications)
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23 pages, 4318 KiB  
Article
A Hands-on Guide to the Synthesis of High-Purity and High-Surface-Area Magnesium Oxide
by Marek Gliński, Agnieszka Czajka, Urszula Ulkowska, Ewa M. Iwanek (nee Wilczkowska), Dariusz Łomot and Zbigniew Kaszkur
Catalysts 2022, 12(12), 1595; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12121595 - 06 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2021
Abstract
In this study, magnesium nitrate, chloride or sulphate were used in the synthesis of Mg(OH)2, the precursor of MgO. It was found that the counter ion strongly influences the purity of the Mg(OH)2, as well as the specific surface area [...] Read more.
In this study, magnesium nitrate, chloride or sulphate were used in the synthesis of Mg(OH)2, the precursor of MgO. It was found that the counter ion strongly influences the purity of the Mg(OH)2, as well as the specific surface area of the obtained MgO. The latter is also strongly influenced by the calcination temperature. The choice of the precipitating agent can lead to the introduction of K+ or Na+ ions and hence NH3 (aq) is the best choice. A multistep precipitation procedure of Mg(OH)2 was proposed to lower the concentration of typical impurities (Fe, Ni and Mn) found in commercial p.a. purity Mg(NO3)2. The effect of the number of portions of water used for washing of Mg(OH)2 on the purity of the final product has also been investigated in detail. The stages of formation of grains of Mg(OH)2 and their subsequent thermal decomposition was described together with determination of the introduction of new impurities into the material. Large scale (1500 g) preparation of Mg(OH)2 with an improved purity was performed and described. Therefore, this study explains what measures should be taken to obtain pure magnesia catalysts and is a valuable resource for catalytic research in which magnesia is used. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal Oxide Catalysts: Synthesis and Applications)
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12 pages, 2365 KiB  
Article
Controlled Synthesis of Chromium-Oxide-Based Protective Layers on Pt: Influence of Layer Thickness on Selectivity
by Myles Worsley, Vera Smulders and Bastian Mei
Catalysts 2022, 12(10), 1077; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12101077 - 20 Sep 2022
Viewed by 1427
Abstract
Chromium-oxyhydroxide (CrxOyHz)-based thin films have previously been shown in photocatalysis and industrial chlorate production to prevent unwanted reduction reactions to occur, thereby enhancing the selectivity for hydrogen evolution and thus the overall process efficiency. Here, a highly [...] Read more.
Chromium-oxyhydroxide (CrxOyHz)-based thin films have previously been shown in photocatalysis and industrial chlorate production to prevent unwanted reduction reactions to occur, thereby enhancing the selectivity for hydrogen evolution and thus the overall process efficiency. Here, a highly reproducible synthesis protocol was developed to allow for the electrodeposition of CrxOyHz-based thin films with controlled thickness in the range of the sub-monolayer up to (>4) multilayer coverage. Electrodeposited CrxOyHz coatings were electrochemically characterized using voltammetry and stripping experiments, allowing thickness-dependent film selectivity to be deduced in detail. The results are discussed in terms of mass transport properties and structure of the electrodeposited chromium oxyhydroxide films. It is shown that the permeation of diatomic probe molecules, such as O2 and CO, was significantly reduced by films as thin as four monolayers. Importantly, it is shown that the prepared thin film coatings enabled prolonged hydrogen oxidation in the presence of CO (up to 5 vol.%), demonstrating the benefits of thin-film-protected electrocatalysts. In general, this study provides insight into the synthesis and use of thin-film-protected electrodes leading to improvements in (electro)catalyst selectivity and durability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal Oxide Catalysts: Synthesis and Applications)
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13 pages, 2072 KiB  
Article
Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia of Balanced Acid-Base Pair for Selective Dehydration of 4-Methyl-2-pentanol to 4-Methyl-1-pentene
by Jae-Hong Lee, Minseok Kim, Suhyun Lim, Dinesh Kumar Mishra and Young-Woong Suh
Catalysts 2022, 12(5), 559; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12050559 - 19 May 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2518
Abstract
The selective transformation of secondary alcohols to alpha-olefins is a challenging task in heterogeneous catalysis, as is the case of 4-methyl-2-pentanol (4M2Pol) conversion to 4-methyl-1-pentene (4M1P). Herein, the co-precipitated yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) catalysts exhibit superior performance to both bare and Y-impregnated ZrO2 [...] Read more.
The selective transformation of secondary alcohols to alpha-olefins is a challenging task in heterogeneous catalysis, as is the case of 4-methyl-2-pentanol (4M2Pol) conversion to 4-methyl-1-pentene (4M1P). Herein, the co-precipitated yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) catalysts exhibit superior performance to both bare and Y-impregnated ZrO2 in selective 4M2Pol dehydration. In order to track the activity origin of YSZ, temperature-programmed desorption experiments using NH3 and CO2 are performed along with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The conversion of 4M2Pol (max. 85%) is proportional to weak acidity and inverse to medium basicity. In contrast, the selectivity of 4M1P increases to 80% as the ratio of weak acidity to medium basicity is close to and exceeds the unity. These indications corroborate that the balanced acid–base pair of YSZ leads to the selective formation of 4M1P from 4M2Pol, which is caused by strong interaction between zirconia and yttria in the YSZ. Additionally, the dehydration activity over YSZ of 4 mol% yttrium is sustained at 450 °C for 50 h. Therefore, the YSZ, which is often used for electrocatalysis, is believed to be a promising catalyst in the dehydration of 4M2Pol and, further, secondary alcohols. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal Oxide Catalysts: Synthesis and Applications)
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