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Catalysts
Special Issues
Catalytic Upgrading of Biomass-derived Streams Towards Fuels and Chemicals
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Catalytic Upgrading of Biomass-derived Streams Towards Fuels and Chemicals

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomass Catalysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2020) | Viewed by 10778

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Javier Bilbao Elorriaga

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Dept Chem Engn, Univ Basque Country, POB 644, 48080 Bilba, Spain
Interests: engineering sustainable catalytic processes; catalyst synthesis and characterization; structure–reactivity relationships; waste valorization; kinetic modeling; reactor design
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Idoia Hita Del Olmo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
Interests: heterogeneous catalysis; green catalysis; catalyst synthesis and characterization; hydrodeoxygenation; catalytic cracking; catalyst deactivation; production of fuels/chemicals from wastes, heavy fossil-derived streams, and/or biomass-derived streams
Dr. Peter J. Deuss

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Chemical Engineering (ENTEG), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, NL-9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
Interests: smart and green biomass processing; chemicals from renewable resources; lignin; lignocellulose; homogeneous catalysis; residue valorization

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The exhaustion of fossil resources for the production of fuels and chemicals is directing attention towards more sustainable energy sources such as bio-alcohols (bio-ethanol, bio-butanol) bio-oil, and/or syngas, which can be produced from the biochemical or thermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass. Bioethanol and bio-oil can be selectively converted into olefins, aromatics or gasoline using acid catalysts. Bio-oil is also stabilized through hydrodeoxygenation over bifunctional catalysts for its application as fuel, co-feed to refinery units (i.e. FCC) and the production of sustainable platform chemicals (i.e., phenolics, aromatics). Syngas allows for further improvements for the production of interesting oxygenates (methanol, DME) as raw materials and fuels. Through different routes (Fischer–Tropsch, oxygenated intermediates), syngas can be directly converted into a high-quality gasoline, or selectively into light olefins.

This Special Issue intends to cover different innovative catalytic routes (both homogeneous and heterogeneous) for the valorization of lignocellulosic biomass-derived streams aiming for the production of renewable biofuels and biochemicals. The aspects reported on the papers might include (but are not restricted to): new catalytic processes, novel catalyst development, innovative reactor design, kinetic modeling, catalyst deactivation, intergration of bioderivates in refinery units, novel analytic techniques for feed and product analysis, biomass pretreatments, etc.

Prof. Dr. Javier Bilbao Elorriaga
Dr. Idoia Hita Del Olmo
Dr. Peter J. Deuss
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Catalysts is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biofuels
  • biochemicals
  • heterogeneous catalysis
  • homogeneous catalysis
  • novel catalytic routes
  • catalyst synthesis
  • catalyst deactivation

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 3497 KiB  
Article
Study of Ni/Al-Fe Catalyst Stability in the Aqueous Phase Hydrogenolysis of Glycerol
by Raquel Raso, Lucia García, Joaquín Ruiz, Miriam Oliva and Jesús Arauzo
Catalysts 2020, 10(12), 1482; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal10121482 - 18 Dec 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1845
Abstract
The present work studied the stability and reusability of Ni/Al-Fe catalyst in the aqueous phase hydrogenolysis of glycerol without external hydrogen addition. The catalyst based on 28 molar % of Ni with 3/1 molar ratio of Al/Fe was prepared through co-precipitation. This catalyst [...] Read more.
The present work studied the stability and reusability of Ni/Al-Fe catalyst in the aqueous phase hydrogenolysis of glycerol without external hydrogen addition. The catalyst based on 28 molar % of Ni with 3/1 molar ratio of Al/Fe was prepared through co-precipitation. This catalyst presented the best performance in our last study which compares several Ni/Al-Fe catalysts with different molar ratios of Al/Fe. To see the influence of the pressurized water on the physicochemical characteristics of Ni/Al-Fe catalyst, a test of up to 9 h has been carried out. Fresh and used catalysts were characterized by various techniques: X-ray Diffraction (XRD), N2-physisorption, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and STEM. Glycerol conversion and carbon yield to gases and liquids did not vary significantly when compared at 3 h and 9 h. Furthermore, the morphology of the catalyst remains stable after continuous recycling under severe hydrothermal conditions. The nickel rich phase of the catalyst, which was determined by XRD and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) techniques, showed a stable size after 9 h under reaction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Upgrading of Biomass-derived Streams Towards Fuels and Chemicals)
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15 pages, 1211 KiB  
Article
A Hybrid FCC/HZSM-5 Catalyst for the Catalytic Cracking of a VGO/Bio-Oil Blend in FCC Conditions
by Álvaro Ibarra, Idoia Hita, José M. Arandes and Javier Bilbao
Catalysts 2020, 10(10), 1157; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal10101157 - 09 Oct 2020
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2830
Abstract
The performance of a commercial FCC catalyst (designated as CY) and a physically mixed hybrid catalyst (80 wt.% CY and 20 wt.% HZSM-5-based catalyst, designated as CH) have been compared in the catalytic cracking of a vacuum gasoil (VGO)/bio-oil blend (80/20 wt.%) in [...] Read more.
The performance of a commercial FCC catalyst (designated as CY) and a physically mixed hybrid catalyst (80 wt.% CY and 20 wt.% HZSM-5-based catalyst, designated as CH) have been compared in the catalytic cracking of a vacuum gasoil (VGO)/bio-oil blend (80/20 wt.%) in a simulated riser reactor (C/O, 6gcatgfeed−1; t, 6 s). The effect of cracking temperature has been studied on product distribution (carbon products, water, and coke) and product lumps: CO+CO2, dry gas, liquified petroleum gases (LPG), gasoline, light cycle oil (LCO), heavy cycle oil (HCO), and coke. Using the CH catalyst, the conversion of the bio-oil oxygenates is ca. 3 wt.% higher, while the conversion of the hydrocarbons in the mixture is lower, yielding more carbon products (83.2–84.7 wt.% on a wet basis) and less coke (3.7–4.8 wt.% on a wet basis) than the CY catalyst. The CH catalyst provides lower gasoline yields (30.7–32.0 wt.% on a dry basis) of a less aromatic and more olefinic nature. Due to gasoline overcracking, enhanced LPG yields were also obtained. The results are explained by the high activity of the HZSM-5 zeolite for the cracking of bio-oil oxygenates, the diffusional limitations within its pore structure of bulkier VGO compounds, and its lower activity towards hydrogen transfer reactions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Upgrading of Biomass-derived Streams Towards Fuels and Chemicals)
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Review

Jump to: Research

32 pages, 4825 KiB  
Review
Deep Eutectic Solvents as Catalysts for Upgrading Biomass
by Payam Kalhor and Khashayar Ghandi
Catalysts 2021, 11(2), 178; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal11020178 - 28 Jan 2021
Cited by 34 | Viewed by 5424
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged as promising green solvents, due to their versatility and properties such as high biodegradability, inexpensiveness, ease of preparation and negligible vapor pressure. Thus, DESs have been used as sustainable media and green catalysts in many chemical processes. [...] Read more.
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged as promising green solvents, due to their versatility and properties such as high biodegradability, inexpensiveness, ease of preparation and negligible vapor pressure. Thus, DESs have been used as sustainable media and green catalysts in many chemical processes. On the other hand, lignocellulosic biomass as an abundant source of renewable carbon has received ample interest for the production of biobased chemicals. In this review, the state of the art of the catalytic use of DESs in upgrading the biomass-related substances towards biofuels and value-added chemicals is presented, and the gap in the knowledge is indicated to direct the future research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Upgrading of Biomass-derived Streams Towards Fuels and Chemicals)
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