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Buildings
Special Issues
Recent Advance in Steel and Composite Structures
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Recent Advance in Steel and Composite Structures

A special issue of Buildings (ISSN 2075-5309). This special issue belongs to the section "Building Structures".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2023) | Viewed by 9302

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Bo Yang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
Interests: behavior of steel and composite structures against progressive collapse; high-strength steel structures; impact on engineering structures; high-performance structural materials
Dr. Shan Gao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Civil Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
Interests: composite structures; green materials; BIM
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Hai-Ting Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Naval Architecture, Ocean & Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Interests: steel structure; cold-formed steel; stainless steel; structural stability; fire; composite steel–concrete structure; steel bridge
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Kang Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China
Interests: composite structures; structural dynamics; high-performance structural materials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is our pleasure to announce this Special Issue of Buildings, which will focus on novel theories and technologies with respect to steel and composite structures. Steel structures have the following advantages: lightweight, high strength, and sustainable. They are widely used in building structures, varying from single-story residential buildings to high-rise skyscrapers. Combining the advantages of concrete structures, steel–concrete composite structures have been increasingly applied in recent years. A great variety of structural member types developed, including concrete-filled steel tubular members, concrete-encased steel members, and composite members connected via shear studs. More recently, super high-strength steel, stainless steel, and ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) materials were intensively investigated, targeting green, durable, economical, and sustainable buildings, which greatly promoted advances in steel and composite structures. The scope of steel and composite structures has also been extended significantly via applying advanced construction materials. Research studies addressing the following topics are mostly welcomed (but not limited to) for the current Special Issue:

  • Various structural members or forms that are tailored for prefabricated and automated construction;
  • Various loading scenarios, including earthquake, impact, explosion, fire, blast, and wind;
  • Various novel structural applications of advanced construction materials;
  • Various interdisciplinary technologies that promote the future generation of steel and composite buildings;
  • The behavior and design of steel and composite structural members, joints, assemblies, and systems.

Dr. Bo Yang
Dr. Shan Gao
Dr. Hai-Ting Li
Dr. Kang Chen
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Buildings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • steel structures
  • composite structures
  • high-strength steel
  • UHPC
  • stainless steel
  • modular steel

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

84 pages, 55280 KiB  
Article
Exploring the Integration of Architectural Design and Advanced Structural Analysis for Steel–Glass Structures: A Comparative Study of Different Case Scenarios
by Faham Tahmasebinia, Shaoxiong Jiang, Sara Shirowzhan, Lewis Mann and Samad M. E. Sepasgozar
Buildings 2023, 13(6), 1369; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13061369 - 23 May 2023
Viewed by 1993
Abstract
It is well known that finite element analysis (FEA) is a powerful tool when it comes to the design and analysis of complex structures for various load combinations, including light steel curve members. This abstract provides an overview of the FEA simulation process [...] Read more.
It is well known that finite element analysis (FEA) is a powerful tool when it comes to the design and analysis of complex structures for various load combinations, including light steel curve members. This abstract provides an overview of the FEA simulation process for designing such members (cure members), which involves constructing a 3D model, discretising the member into small elements, assigning material properties, defining boundary conditions, conducting the simulation, analysing the results, and making any necessary modifications to the design. FEA simulations can provide valuable insights into the behaviour of light steel curved members under different load combinations. This enables designers to optimise designs for strength, safety, and cost-effectiveness. This article proposes using two commercial 3D software programs, Rhino 7 and Strand7, to complete the FEA simulation of light steel curved members. The 3D model is created in Rhino 7, and the individual elements are discretised into more minor elements using Strand7 for assigning material properties, defining boundary conditions, running simulations, and analysing the results. The paper presents five case studies of steel–glass façades and applies the proposed methodology to each. Examples include Phoenix International Media Center in Beijing, Kazakhstan Pavilion and Science Museum in Astana, Moynihan Train Hall in New York City, Chadstone Shopping Centre in Melbourne, and the central light rail station in The Hague. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advance in Steel and Composite Structures)
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19 pages, 6050 KiB  
Article
Seismic Response Analysis of a Large-Span Isolated Structure Equipped with TNRB-DSBs and LRBs
by Zhenyuan Gu, Lu Feng, Ying Sun, Hai Gong, Chenhui Zhu, Zhijun Chen, Jiaqi Dai, Fangzheng Hao, Xinting Zhong and Wangping Qian
Buildings 2023, 13(5), 1288; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13051288 - 15 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 858
Abstract
This study focused on comprehensively analyzing the construction, mechanism, and design theory of the Thick Rubber Bearing–Disk Spring Bearing (TNRB-DSB) system, with the aim of evaluating its isolation effect. Mechanical tests were conducted to examine the dynamic characteristics of large-span isolated structures equipped [...] Read more.
This study focused on comprehensively analyzing the construction, mechanism, and design theory of the Thick Rubber Bearing–Disk Spring Bearing (TNRB-DSB) system, with the aim of evaluating its isolation effect. Mechanical tests were conducted to examine the dynamic characteristics of large-span isolated structures equipped with TNRB-DSBs, and laminated rubber bearings (LRBs), as well as the dynamic responses of non-isolated structures and large-span horizontal isolated structures equipped with natural rubber bearings (NRBs) and LRBs, under various seismic excitations. Finite element software was utilized to compare the behaviors of these structures. The study revealed that the large-span isolated structure equipped with TNRB-DSBs and LRBs had a vertical natural vibration period 1.23 times as long as that of the isolated structure with NRBs and LRBs, and 4.27 times as long as that of the non-isolated structure. The TNRB-DSB system demonstrated good vertical and horizontal isolation capabilities, which compensated for the isolation limitations of other rubber bearings to some extent. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advance in Steel and Composite Structures)
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25 pages, 11928 KiB  
Article
Numerical and Analytical Investigations of the Impact Resistance of Partially Precast Concrete Beams Strengthened with Bonded Steel Plates
by Xueyuan Yan, Cihang Lin, Xuhong Liu, Tianxiao Zheng, Shen Shi and Huimin Mao
Buildings 2023, 13(3), 696; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13030696 - 06 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1154
Abstract
A building may be subjected to a variety of accidental loads during its service life. Partially precast concrete (PC) beams are a primary structural component. Their impact resistance can have a substantial impact on the overall safety of a structure when it is [...] Read more.
A building may be subjected to a variety of accidental loads during its service life. Partially precast concrete (PC) beams are a primary structural component. Their impact resistance can have a substantial impact on the overall safety of a structure when it is subjected to an impact load. In this study, numerical analyses were performed on the dynamic response of PC beams strengthened with bonded steel plates subjected to impact loading. The model was verified from four aspects: energy conversion, failure form, impact force–time history curve, and midspan displacement–time history curve. The dynamic response eigenvalues of the peak impact force, peak midspan displacement, and residual midspan displacement were compared between the numerical simulations and experimental tests. The relative inaccuracy of the peak impact force ranged from 9.51% to 14.0%, with an average value of 11.9%. The average relative error for the midspan displacement was −0.09%, with the greatest relative errors varying between −0.64% and 0.3%. The residual value errors of the midspan displacement ranged from −0.95% to 2.38%, with an average relative error of 0.94%. On this basis, the effects of the impact mass, impact height, width, and length of the bonded steel plate on the impact resistance of the components were evaluated. Furthermore, the differences in the equivalent plastic strain contours, impact force–time history curves, and midspan displacement–time history curves under different parameters were compared. The results demonstrated that the failure modes and flexural deformations of the test beams were influenced by the impact mass and impact height. The increase in the length and width of the steel plate had no effect on the impact force response, but the peak and residual values of the midspan displacement decreased, which could significantly increase the impact resistance of the beams. Lastly, the impact mass m, the impact height h, the thickness t of the bonded steel plate, the length of the bonded steel plate hs, and the width of the bonded steel plate bs were all taken into account in the fitting formula. These five parameters were used to predict the peak impact force response, the peak value of the midspan displacement, and the residual value of the midspan displacement. The results demonstrated that the fitting formula had small errors and could accurately reflect the dynamic responses of the PC beams strengthened with bonded steel plates under impact loading. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advance in Steel and Composite Structures)
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19 pages, 3613 KiB  
Article
An BESO Approach for Optimal Retrofit Design of Steel Rectangular-Hollow-Section Columns Supporting Crane Loads
by Rut Su, Sawekchai Tangaramvong and Thu Huynh Van
Buildings 2023, 13(2), 328; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13020328 - 22 Jan 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1715
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a cost-effective optimal-topology retrofitting technique for hollow-steel-section columns to sufficiently support industrial running cranes. A so-called bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO) method was encoded within the MATLAB modeling framework, with a direct interface with an ANSYS commercial finite-element [...] Read more.
In this paper, we propose a cost-effective optimal-topology retrofitting technique for hollow-steel-section columns to sufficiently support industrial running cranes. A so-called bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO) method was encoded within the MATLAB modeling framework, with a direct interface with an ANSYS commercial finite-element analysis program, to determine the optimal topology of double external steel plates connected to columns in a 3D space. For the initial ground structure, we have adopted standard uniform double U-shaped external stiffener plates located at the top and bottom flange layers of an I-beam to box-column connection (IBBC) area. The influences of inelastic materials and the incorporated nonlinear geometry can effectively describe the premature (local buckling) failures of the columns in an IBBC area. The applications of the proposed optimal-topology BESO-based stiffening method are illustrated through the retrofitting of three hollow-steel-section columns, characterized by non-slender and slender compression sections. Some concluding remarks are provided on the pre- and post-retrofitted responses of the columns, with the results showing both the accuracy and robustness of the proposed external stiffening schemes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advance in Steel and Composite Structures)
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24 pages, 8915 KiB  
Article
Numerical Analysis of Mechanical Behavior of Self-Centering Joint between CFDST Column and RC Beam
by Xueyuan Yan, Shen Shi, Xuhong Liu and Huimin Mao
Buildings 2023, 13(1), 135; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010135 - 04 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1307
Abstract
The existing connection between the concrete-filled double steel tubular (CFDST) column and the reinforced concrete (RC) beam is difficult to repair and reuse after damage. In this paper, a self-centering joint between the CFDST column and the RC beam is proposed. The self-centering [...] Read more.
The existing connection between the concrete-filled double steel tubular (CFDST) column and the reinforced concrete (RC) beam is difficult to repair and reuse after damage. In this paper, a self-centering joint between the CFDST column and the RC beam is proposed. The self-centering of the joint is realized by prestressed steel strands, and the energy dissipation is realized by friction. The overall purpose of the research is to analyze the influence of steel strand and friction on the mechanical behavior of the joint. By comparing the envelope curve and the restoring force model of a numerical joint model with theoretical values, accuracy of the numerical model was verified. Then, joints with different parameters, including the friction, prestress of steel strands, and ratio of the resisting moment provided by steel strands to the resisting moment provided by friction in the opening moment of joints, were numerically analyzed. The results showed that the joints with greater friction and prestress of steel strands had higher bearing capacity. Increasing the friction could increase the energy dissipation capacity of the joint, but it would increase the residual deformation of the joint. To reduce residual deformation, the prestress of steel strands should be increased. When the resultant force of the pretension of steel strands was greater than friction, the steel head could be kept pressed on the connecting block, making the stress changes of steel strands and the self-centering performance of the joint stable. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advance in Steel and Composite Structures)
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17 pages, 5225 KiB  
Article
Analytical Prediction of the Distortional Buckling Loads for Cold-Formed Channel Beams with Edge-Stiffened Rectangular Web Openings
by Can Liu and Liping Duan
Buildings 2023, 13(1), 101; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010101 - 30 Dec 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 1565
Abstract
Recently, there has been an increasing number of studies on the distortional buckling analyses of cold-formed steel (CFS) channels with web edge-stiffened holes. However, the literature about the analytical solutions is scarce, and the current design rules, e.g., the American Iron and Steel [...] Read more.
Recently, there has been an increasing number of studies on the distortional buckling analyses of cold-formed steel (CFS) channels with web edge-stiffened holes. However, the literature about the analytical solutions is scarce, and the current design rules, e.g., the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI 2016) and the Australian/New Zealand standards (AS/NZ 4600: 2018), provide little design advice for CFS channels with edge-stiffened holes. This paper presents an analytical method for estimating the bearing capacity for the distortional buckling of CFS channel beams with edge-stiffened rectangular web holes. To validate the proposed method, comprehensive finite element (FE) analyses were performed. The proposed design equations accurately forecast the distortional buckling moment capacities of the CFS channels with edge-stiffened holes. Specifically, the average error of the critical moment predictions for the distortional buckling of perforated CFS channel beams obtained by the proposed analytical method and the finite element method (FEM) is only 6.59%, where the maximum error reaches 17.76%. Moreover, a parameter study on the effect of the edge-stiffener length on the bearing capacity was carried out as well, and the results show that the edge stiffener indeed significantly enhanced the critical moment when it is below a threshold length, but the enhancement becomes unobvious once surpassing the threshold length. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advance in Steel and Composite Structures)
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