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Brain Sciences
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Advanced Techniques for Deep Brain Stimulation Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders
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Advanced Techniques for Deep Brain Stimulation Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders

A special issue of Brain Sciences (ISSN 2076-3425).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2020) | Viewed by 5849

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Sara Marceglia

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy
Interests: closed-loop neuromodulation; signal processing; mHealth; local field potentials; telemonitoring
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Ioannis U. Isaias

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
Interests: movement disorders; neuromodulation; molecular neuroimaging; biomechanics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

After more than 25 years of deep brain stimulation and related research, new technological and methodological approaches are now either available or under development with the promise of improved personalization, better outcomes, and earlier application of this neuromodulatory therapy.

Technological advances span from new segmented or multipolar electrodes to new “smart” hardware with closed loop capabilities, based on deep brain signals, cortical signals, neurochemical sensors, movement sensors, or external devices connected to the implanted pulse generator. In addition to these, consumer technologies like smartphones, smart-watches, wearable devices, glasses for mixed reality are more and more allowing the collection of real-life data that could ground the introduction of precision approaches and advanced characterization of the diseases, also in neurodegenerative disorders.

We therefore invite colleagues to contribute to this Special Issue, sharing their expertise in order to build up a state-of-the-art landscape on advanced DBS techniques and methodologies, including technological innovations as well as clinical practice innovations coming from the application of novel devices or systems.

Prof. Sara Marceglia
Prof. Ioannis U. Isaias
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Brain Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Adaptive DBS
  • Data driven Approaches
  • Personalized Therapy
  • Parkinson’s Disease and Related Disorders
  • Neuromodulation

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

7 pages, 945 KiB  
Communication
O-Arm Navigated Frameless and Fiducial-Less Deep Brain Stimulation
by David Krahulík, Martin Nevrlý, Pavel Otruba, Jan Bardoň, Lumír Hrabálek, Daniel Pohlodek, Petr Kaňovský and Jan Valošek
Brain Sci. 2020, 10(10), 683; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100683 - 27 Sep 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2557
Abstract
Object: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a very useful procedure for the treatment of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD), essential tremor, and dystonia. The authors evaluated the accuracy of the new method used in their center for the placing of DBS electrodes. Electrodes are [...] Read more.
Object: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a very useful procedure for the treatment of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD), essential tremor, and dystonia. The authors evaluated the accuracy of the new method used in their center for the placing of DBS electrodes. Electrodes are placed using the intraoperative O-arm™ (Medtronic)-controlled frameless and fiducial-less system, Nexframe™ (Medtronic). Accuracy was evaluated prospectively in eleven consecutive PD patients (22 electrodes). Methods: Eleven adult patients with PD were implanted using the Nexframe system without fiducials and with the intraoperative O-arm (Medtronic) system and StealthStation™ S8 navigation (Medtronic). The implantation of DBS leads was performed using multiple-cell microelectrode recording, and intraoperative test stimulation to determine thresholds for stimulation-induced adverse effects. The accuracy was checked in three different steps: (1) using the intraoperative O-arm image and its fusion with preoperative planning, (2) using multiple-cell microelectrode recording and counting the number of microelectrodes with the signal of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and finally, (3) total error was calculated according to a postoperative CT control image fused to preoperative planning. Results: The total error of the procedure was 1.79 mm; the radial error and the vector error were 171 mm and 163 mm. Conclusions: Implantation of DBS electrodes using an O-arm navigated frameless and fiducial-less system is a very useful and technically feasible procedure with excellent patient toleration with experienced Nexframe users. The accuracy of the method was confirmed at all three steps, and it is comparable to other published results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Techniques for Deep Brain Stimulation Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders)
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13 pages, 2626 KiB  
Article
Deep Brain Stimulation of the Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus Renders Neuroprotection through the Suppression of Hippocampal Apoptosis: An Experimental Animal Study
by Chellappan Praveen Rajneesh, Tsung-Hsun Hsieh, Shih-Ching Chen, Chien-Hung Lai, Ling-Yu Yang, Hung-Yen Chin and Chih-Wei Peng
Brain Sci. 2020, 10(1), 25; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10010025 - 2 Jan 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2872
Abstract
The core objective of this study was to determine the neuroprotective properties of deep brain stimulation of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus on the apoptosis of the hippocampus. The pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus is a prime target for Parkinson′s disease and is a crucial component [...] Read more.
The core objective of this study was to determine the neuroprotective properties of deep brain stimulation of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus on the apoptosis of the hippocampus. The pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus is a prime target for Parkinson′s disease and is a crucial component in a feedback loop connected with the hippocampus. Deep brain stimulation was employed as a potential tool to evaluate the neuroprotective properties of hippocampal apoptosis. Deep brain stimulation was applied to the experimental animals for an hour. Henceforth, the activity of Caspase-3, myelin basic protein, Bcl-2, BAX level, lipid peroxidation, interleukin-6 levels, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels were evaluated at hours 1, 3 and 6 and compared with the sham group of animals. Herein, decreased levels of caspases activity and elevated levels of Bcl-2 expressions and inhibited BAX expressions were observed in experimental animals at the aforementioned time intervals. Furthermore, the ratio of Bcl-2/BAX was increased, and interleukin -6, lipid peroxidation levels were not affected by deep brain stimulation in the experimental animals. These affirmative results have explained the neuroprotection rendered by hippocampus apoptosis as a result of deep brain stimulation. Deep brain stimulation is widely used to manage neuro-motor disorders. Nevertheless, this novel study will be a revelation for a better understanding of neuromodulatory management and encourage further research with new dimensions in the field of neuroscience. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Techniques for Deep Brain Stimulation Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders)
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