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Brain Sciences
Special Issues
Traumatic Brain Injury and Disorders of Consciousness
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Traumatic Brain Injury and Disorders of Consciousness

A special issue of Brain Sciences (ISSN 2076-3425). This special issue belongs to the section "Systems Neuroscience".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 January 2023) | Viewed by 6889

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Antonino Naro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
AOU Policlinico G. Martino, UOSD Stroke Unit, 98100 Messina, Italy
Interests: disorders of consciousness; non-invasive brain stimulation; robotic rehabilitation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Rocco Salvatore Calabrò

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Neurology Unit, IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, 98124 Messina, Italy
Interests: robotic-assisted rehabilitation; telerehabilitation; virtual reality and exergaming
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The diagnosis and management of disorders of consciousness (DoC) due to acquired severe brain injury remain challenging for clinicians. Important information has been obtained on these issues owing to a bulk of functional neuroimaging, advanced electrophysiology, and clinical studies performed on relatively large samples of patients with prolonged DoC and traumatic brain injury. However, there are still few guidelines available for the management of these very fragile individuals. Therefore, improved and innovative diagnostic paradigms, treatment strategies, and management protocols need to be developed and validated. In this Special Issue, we would like to offer readers the latest experimental researches and overviews on these hot topics.

Dr. Antonino Naro
Dr. Rocco Salvatore Calabrò
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Brain Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • traumatic brain injury
  • disorders of consciousness
  • treatment
  • diagnosis
  • functional neuroimaging study
  • electrophysiological study
  • clinical study

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

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15 pages, 990 KiB  
Review
Sleep in Disorders of Consciousness: A Brief Overview on a Still under Investigated Issue
by Loredana Raciti, Gianfranco Raciti, David Militi, Paolo Tonin, Angelo Quartarone and Rocco Salvatore Calabrò
Brain Sci. 2023, 13(2), 275; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13020275 - 07 Feb 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2576
Abstract
Consciousness is a multifaceted concept, involving both wakefulness, i.e., a condition of being alert that is regulated by the brainstem, and awareness, a subjective experience of any thoughts or perception or emotion. Recently, the European Academy of Neurology has published international guidelines for [...] Read more.
Consciousness is a multifaceted concept, involving both wakefulness, i.e., a condition of being alert that is regulated by the brainstem, and awareness, a subjective experience of any thoughts or perception or emotion. Recently, the European Academy of Neurology has published international guidelines for a better diagnosis of coma and other disorders of consciousness (DOC) through the investigation of sleep patterns, such as slow-wave and REM, and the study of the EEG using machine learning methods and artificial intelligence. The management of sleep disorders in DOC patients is an increasingly hot topic and deserves careful diagnosis, to allow for the most accurate prognosis and the best medical treatment possible. The aim of this review was to investigate the anatomo-physiological basis of the sleep/wake cycle, as well as the main sleep patterns and sleep disorders in patients with DOC. We found that the sleep characteristics in DOC patients are still controversial. DOC patients often present a theta/delta pattern, while epileptiform activity, as well as other sleep elements, have been reported as correlating with outcomes in patients with coma and DOC. The absence of spindles, as well as REM and K-complexes of NREM sleep, have been used as poor predictors for early awakening in DOC patients, especially in UWS patients. Therefore, sleep could be considered a marker of DOC recovery, and effective treatments for sleep disorders may either indirectly or directly favor recovery of consciousness. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Traumatic Brain Injury and Disorders of Consciousness)
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21 pages, 5720 KiB  
Systematic Review
Innovative Technologies in the Neurorehabilitation of Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review
by Mirjam Bonanno, Rosaria De Luca, Alessandro Marco De Nunzio, Angelo Quartarone and Rocco Salvatore Calabrò
Brain Sci. 2022, 12(12), 1678; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12121678 - 07 Dec 2022
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3695
Abstract
Motor and cognitive rehabilitation in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a growing field of clinical and research interest. In fact, novel rehabilitative approaches allow a very early verticalization and gait training through robotic devices and other innovative tools boosting neuroplasticity, thanks [...] Read more.
Motor and cognitive rehabilitation in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a growing field of clinical and research interest. In fact, novel rehabilitative approaches allow a very early verticalization and gait training through robotic devices and other innovative tools boosting neuroplasticity, thanks to the high-intensity, repetitive and task-oriented training. In the same way, cognitive rehabilitation is also evolving towards advanced interventions using virtual reality (VR), computer-based approaches, telerehabilitation and neuromodulation devices. This review aimed to systematically investigate the existing evidence concerning the role of innovative technologies in the motor and cognitive neurorehabilitation of TBI patients. We searched and reviewed the studies published in the Cochrane Library, PEDro, PubMed and Scopus between January 2012 and September 2022. After an accurate screening, only 29 papers were included in this review. This systematic review has demonstrated the beneficial role of innovative technologies when applied to cognitive rehabilitation in patients with TBI, while evidence of their effect on motor rehabilitation in this patient population is poor and still controversial. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Traumatic Brain Injury and Disorders of Consciousness)
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