Clinical Application of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) in Neuroscience

A special issue of Brain Sciences (ISSN 2076-3425). This special issue belongs to the section "Neurotechnology and Neuroimaging".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 February 2024) | Viewed by 639

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut 71515, Egypt
2. Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Aswan University Hospitals, Aswan 81528, Egypt
Interests: clinical trial; repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation; Parkinson’s disease; dementia; chronic pain

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has become one of several tools used to assess the functional integrity and connectivity of neural circuits. It has the additional advantage of being able to modulate brain activity with potential therapeutic effect.

Using repetitive TMS (rTMS), neuronal excitability can be altered for a sustained period that outlasts the time of stimulation. Depending on the parameters of rTMS, excitability can be facilitated or suppressed. rTMS can modify cortical excitability at the site of stimulation, but the effects can also propagate trans-synaptically to regions that are anatomically and functionally connected to the stimulation site. 

This Special Issue of Brain Sciences aims to present a collection of studies detailing the most recent developments in the field of neuromodulation research.

Authors are invited to submit cutting-edge research and reviews that address a broad range of topics related to the efficacy of TMS as a diagnostic or therapeutic tool in different neurologic disorders, including the following: (1) studies of the effects of brain stimulation on basic processes, such as functional brain activity, sensorimotor function, and cognitive, visual and auditory processes; (2) therapeutic rTMS of the brain in neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, post stroke motor disability, post-stroke aphasia, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, chronic pain, epilepsy, and others; and (3) rTMS of spinal cord or peripheral nerve after spinal cord lesions or peripheral nerve damage.

In particular, we aim to present advances in neuromodulation research that may have a significant translational clinical effect.

Prof. Dr. Eman M. Khedr
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • transcranial magnetic stimulation
  • neurodegenerative disorders
  • Parkinson’s disease
  • post-stroke motor disability
  • post-stroke aphasia
  • Alzheimer’s disease
  • multiple sclerosis
  • epilepsy
  • sleep disorders
  • spinal cord stimulation
  • peripheral nerve stimulation

Published Papers (2 papers)

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14 pages, 1977 KiB  
Article
Impact of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Cognitive and Psychiatric Dysfunction in Patients with Fibromyalgia: A Double-Blinded, Randomized Clinical Trial
by Marwa Y. Badr, Gellan K. Ahmed, Reham A. Amer, Hend M. Aref, Rehab M. Salem, Heba A. Elmokadem and Eman M. Khedr
Brain Sci. 2024, 14(5), 416; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14050416 - 24 Apr 2024
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Abstract
Few randomized controlled trials have reported that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has controversial results for managing multiple domains of fibromyalgia-related symptoms. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of low-frequency rTMS over the right dorsolateral prefrontal area (DLPFC) on the Fibromyalgia Impact [...] Read more.
Few randomized controlled trials have reported that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has controversial results for managing multiple domains of fibromyalgia-related symptoms. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of low-frequency rTMS over the right dorsolateral prefrontal area (DLPFC) on the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) concerning psychiatric and cognitive disorders. Forty-two eligible patients with fibromyalgia (FM) were randomized to have 20 sessions of active or sham rTMS (1 Hz, 120% of resting motor threshold with a total of 1200 pules/session) over the right DLPFC. All participants were evaluated at baseline, post sessions, and 3 months after sessions with the FIQ, Hamilton depression, and anxiety rating scales (HDRS and HARS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), Tower of London test (TOL), the Trail Making, and Digit Span Tests. Both groups showed improvement in most rating scales at 1 and 3 months follow-up, with greater improvement in the active group, with significant correlation between FIQ cognitive rating scales, including RAVLT and TOL. Twenty sessions of low-frequency rTMS over the right DLPFC can improve FIQ scores regarding the psychiatric and cognitive symptoms of medicated patients with FM to a greater extent than sham. Changes in RAVLT and TOL correlated with changes in FIQ results. Full article
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13 pages, 402 KiB  
Review
The Past, Current and Future Research in Cerebellar TMS Evoked Responses—A Narrative Review
by Po-Yu Fong, John C. Rothwell and Lorenzo Rocchi
Brain Sci. 2024, 14(5), 432; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14050432 - 26 Apr 2024
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Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation coupled with electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) is a novel technique to investigate cortical physiology in health and disease. The cerebellum has recently gained attention as a possible new hotspot in the field of TMS-EEG, with several reports published recently. However, EEG responses [...] Read more.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation coupled with electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) is a novel technique to investigate cortical physiology in health and disease. The cerebellum has recently gained attention as a possible new hotspot in the field of TMS-EEG, with several reports published recently. However, EEG responses obtained by cerebellar stimulation vary considerably across the literature, possibly due to different experimental methods. Compared to conventional TMS-EEG, which involves stimulation of the cortex, cerebellar TMS-EEG presents some technical difficulties, including strong muscle twitches in the neck area and a loud TMS click when double-cone coils are used, resulting in contamination of responses by electromyographic activity and sensory potentials. Understanding technical difficulties and limitations is essential for the development of cerebellar TMS-EEG research. In this review, we summarize findings of cerebellar TMS-EEG studies, highlighting limitations in experimental design and potential issues that can result in discrepancies between experimental outcomes. Lastly, we propose a possible direction for academic and clinical research with cerebellar TMS-EEG. Full article
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