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Biosensors
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Biosensors Applied in Neuroscience
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Biosensors Applied in Neuroscience

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensor Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2024) | Viewed by 3067

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Cristian Ravariu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electronic Devices Circuits and Architectures, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
Interests: organic transistors; biosensors; enzyme-FET modelling; co-integration techniques
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The unprecedented development of nanosciences requires a rigorous level of measurements of active substances in the nervous system. That's why we thought of proposing this Special Issue, which would concentrate and fluidize the newly accumulated knowledge in the field of biosensors but applied to the vast topics of neuroscience. Until 10 years ago, we had neurotransmitter biosensors in the milli to micro-molar range, usually far from the useful range in clinical applications. Today, thanks to the nanometer scale miniaturization of electronic devices and transducers (e.g., Nano-wire-transistors NWT, Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistors CNTFET, Organic Electrochemical Transistors OECT, and so on), the possibilities of uni-molecular detection have increased significantly. Substance monitoring is necessary not only in human medicine but also in veterinary medicine, the food industry, and even in agriculture and environmental monitoring. In this last case, neuroscience turned to the creation of pesticide biosensors, such as paraoxones, using Acetyl-cholinesterase enzyme membranes as receptor elements. Paraoxon is a novel generation of parasympathomimetic substances, which reacts as an acetyl-cholinesterase inhibitor, allowing acetylcholine to transfer nerve impulses indefinitely and causing paralysis for pests.

The inverse problems are also a good topic, starting from the requirements of modeling investigations in neuroscience to formulating or designing a model of a new biosensor needed in future investigations.

Hence, we await with interest your scientific opinions regarding any of the applications of biosensors in the development of nanosciences.

Prof. Dr. Cristian Ravariu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • receptors
  • enzymes
  • nervous system
  • co-integration
  • neuroscience
  • enzyme-FET
  • neurotransmitters
  • technology
  • electrical tests
  • analytes
  • disease

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 706 KiB  
Article
Body Size, Cerebral Blood Flow, Ambient Temperature, and Relative Brain Temperatures in Newborn Infants under Incubator Care
by Satoko Fukaya, Sachiko Iwata, Kennosuke Tsuda, Akiko Hirose, Masahiro Kinoshita, Shinji Saitoh and Osuke Iwata
Biosensors 2024, 14(4), 209; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14040209 - 22 Apr 2024
Viewed by 410
Abstract
Subtle changes in body temperature affect the outcomes of ill newborns. However, the temperature profile of neonatal brains remains largely unknown. In open-cot care, increased cerebral perfusion is correlated with higher superficial brain temperatures. This study investigated the dependence of brain temperature (relative [...] Read more.
Subtle changes in body temperature affect the outcomes of ill newborns. However, the temperature profile of neonatal brains remains largely unknown. In open-cot care, increased cerebral perfusion is correlated with higher superficial brain temperatures. This study investigated the dependence of brain temperature (relative to rectal temperature) on ambient temperature, body size, cerebral perfusion, and metabolism in infants receiving incubator care. Rectal, scalp, and brain temperatures, superior vena cava flow, and brain oxygenation were assessed using echocardiography, thermo-compensatory temperature monitoring, and near-infrared spectroscopy in 60 newborns. These infants had a mean postconceptional age of 36.9 (2.2) weeks and weighed 2348 (609) g at the time of evaluation. The ambient temperature was maintained at 30.0 (1.0) °C. A higher rectal temperature was associated with greater postconceptional age (p = 0.002), body weight (p < 0.001), and head circumference (p < 0.001). Relative scalp, superficial brain, and deep brain temperatures were associated with smaller head circumference (p < 0.001, p = 0.030, and p = 0.015, respectively) and superior vena cava flow (p = 0.002, p = 0.003, and p = 0.003, respectively). In infants receiving incubator care, larger head sizes and increased brain perfusion were associated with lower relative scalp and brain temperatures. When considered alongside previous reports, cerebral perfusion may contribute to maintaining stable cerebral tissue temperature against ambient temperature changes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors Applied in Neuroscience)
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Review

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21 pages, 1858 KiB  
Review
From Enzymatic Dopamine Biosensors to OECT Biosensors of Dopamine
by Cristian Ravariu
Biosensors 2023, 13(8), 806; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13080806 - 11 Aug 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2188
Abstract
Neurotransmitters are an important category of substances used inside the nervous system, whose detection with biosensors has been seriously addressed in the last decades. Dopamine, a neurotransmitter from the catecholamine family, was recently discovered to have implications for cardiac arrest or muscle contractions. [...] Read more.
Neurotransmitters are an important category of substances used inside the nervous system, whose detection with biosensors has been seriously addressed in the last decades. Dopamine, a neurotransmitter from the catecholamine family, was recently discovered to have implications for cardiac arrest or muscle contractions. In addition to having many other neuro-psychiatric implications, dopamine can be detected in blood, urine, and sweat. This review highlights the importance of biosensors as influential tools for dopamine recognition. The first part of this article is related to an introduction to biosensors for neurotransmitters, with a focus on dopamine. The regular methods in their detection are expensive and require high expertise personnel. A major direction of evolution of these biosensors has expanded with the integration of active biological materials suitable for molecular recognition near electronic devices. Secondly, for dopamine in particular, the miniaturized biosensors offer excellent sensitivity and specificity and offer cheaper detection than conventional spectrometry, while their linear detection ranges from the last years fall exactly on the clinical intervals. Thirdly, the applications of novel nanomaterials and biomaterials to these biosensors are discussed. Older generations, metabolism-based or enzymatic biosensors, could not detect concentrations below the micro-molar range. But new generations of biosensors combine aptamer receptors and organic electrochemical transistors, OECTs, as transducers. They have pushed the detection limit to the pico-molar and even femto-molar ranges, which fully correspond to the usual ranges of clinical detection of human dopamine in body humors that cover 0.1 ÷ 10 nM. In addition, if ten years ago the use of natural dopamine receptors on cell membranes seemed impossible for biosensors, the actual technology allows co-integrate transistors and vesicles with natural receptors of dopamine, like G protein-coupled receptors. The technology is still complicated, but the uni-molecular detection selectivity is promising. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors Applied in Neuroscience)
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