Signaling Pathways and Immune-Checkpoint Regulation in Cancers

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Biology and Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 June 2023) | Viewed by 3168

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging (BIOMORF), Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
Interests: immune checkpoints

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The more we discover how cancer is interrelated with the whole human system, the more cancer management tends to become holistic. The immune system plays a pivotal role in cancer development and progression. Since the very first approval of a checkpoint inhibitor for cancer management (i.e., ipilimumab, an anti-CTLA4 antibody approved in 2011 for the treatment of metastatic melanoma), research in this field has made tremendous progress, and immunotherapy has increasingly become a pivotal weapon in clinics, improving the outcomes of tumors which only a few years back were unimaginably difficult (or very unlikely) to effectively treat.

Nevertheless, the success of this innovative approach comes with challenges which still need to be surmounted. These include the existence of a certain percentage of non-responder patients, the possibility of developing detrimental immune-related adverse events, as well as the potential rise of resistance to therapy and tumor relapse.

Seeking better knowledge of signaling pathways involved in immune-checkpoint regulation might help to overcome arising issues and improve the overall benefits of this revolutionary interventional approach. For example, the latest milestone research has revealed how interindividual variations in intestinal microbiome may play a pivotal role in the observed heterogeneity of the response to immune-checkpoint inhibitors.

This Special Issue, entitled “Signaling Pathways and Immune-Checkpoint Regulation in Cancers”, welcomes contributions in the form of original research articles or reviews, aiming to shed light and explore all the novel molecular players involved in the inhibition of both known (e.g., CTLA-4, PD-1/PD-L1) and emerging (e.g., CD47, TIGIT, KIR-L, LAG-3, TIM-3, etc.) immune checkpoints.

Dr. Silvia Vivarelli
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

19 pages, 972 KiB  
Review
LAG-3 Inhibitors: Novel Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Changing the Landscape of Immunotherapy
by Rebecca Ibrahim, Khalil Saleh, Claude Chahine, Rita Khoury, Nadine Khalife and Axel Le Cesne
Biomedicines 2023, 11(7), 1878; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11071878 - 01 Jul 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2936
Abstract
One of the most important steps forward in the management of cancer was the discovery of immunotherapy. It has become an essential pillar in the treatment paradigm of cancer patients. Unfortunately, despite the various options presented with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), the benefit [...] Read more.
One of the most important steps forward in the management of cancer was the discovery of immunotherapy. It has become an essential pillar in the treatment paradigm of cancer patients. Unfortunately, despite the various options presented with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), the benefit is still limited to select patients and the vast majority of these patients gain either minimal benefit or eventually progress, leaving an unmet need for the development of novel therapeutic agents and strategies. Lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3), an immune checkpoint receptor protein, is a molecule found on the surface of activated T-cells. It plays a major role in negatively regulating T-cell function thereby providing tumors with an immune escape in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Given its importance in regulating the immune system, LAG-3 has been considered as a promising target in oncology and precision medicine. To date, two LAG-3-directed agents (eftilagimod alpha and relatlimab) have been approved in combination with programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors in the setting of advanced solid tumors. In this review, we discuss the structure of LAG-3, its mechanism of action, and its interaction with its ligands. We also shed light on the emerging treatments targeting LAG-3 for the treatment of solid tumors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Signaling Pathways and Immune-Checkpoint Regulation in Cancers)
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