Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress in Human Health and Diseases

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular and Translational Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2024 | Viewed by 888

Special Issue Editor


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
Interests: oxidative stress; inflammation; autophagy; metabolic disease; neurodegenerative disease; atheroslcerosis; preclinical pharmacology; natural products; flavonoids; cannabinoids; adenosine signaling

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance between the accumulation of oxygen reactive species (ROS), such as superoxide radicals (O2), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl radicals (•OH), and singlet oxygen (1O2), and the ability to neutralize them. The accumulation of ROS causes cellular damage to the metabolism, negatively affecting several cellular structures and molecules, such as DNA, lipids, proteins; this accumulation can trigger cell inflammation, apoptosis and necrosis, peroxidation and damage of lipoproteins and membranes, DNA damage and chromosomal aberration, damage of collagen structure and mitochondrial function. Indeed, oxidative stress is involved in the initiation and progression of several diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurological disease, rheumatoid arthritis and autoimmune diseases. Moreover, recent studies demonstrated that the accumulation of ROS causes infertility in males and females, damaging the reproductive system. New therapeutic approaches targeting oxidative stress and its signaling molecules could provide hopeful benefits to treat several human diseases.

The purpose of this Special Issue of Biomedicines “Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress in Human Health and Diseases” is to include original research papers and/or relevant updates of literature data on the new insights into the pathogenesis, molecular pathways and the beneficial effects of novel and safe treatments of oxidative stress associated with several human diseases.

Dr. Federica Mannino
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • oxidative stress
  • inflammation
  • human diseases
  • apoptosis
  • peroxidation
  • DNA damage
  • mitochondria

Published Papers (1 paper)

Order results
Result details
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

15 pages, 1489 KiB  
Article
Comparative EPR Studies on the Influence of Genistein on Free Radicals in Non-Irradiated and UV-Irradiated MCF7, T47D and MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells
by Magdalena Jurzak, Paweł Ramos, Barbara Pilawa and Ilona Anna Bednarek
Biomedicines 2024, 12(3), 518; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12030518 - 26 Feb 2024
Viewed by 672
Abstract
The antioxidant activity and the association of genistein with carcinogenesis are widely documented. Few studies directly measure the number of free radicals generated in cells, either during the action of factors stimulating their formation, e.g., ultraviolet (UV), or after exposure to antioxidants. The [...] Read more.
The antioxidant activity and the association of genistein with carcinogenesis are widely documented. Few studies directly measure the number of free radicals generated in cells, either during the action of factors stimulating their formation, e.g., ultraviolet (UV), or after exposure to antioxidants. The most suitable method for analysing free radicals is electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The EPR method detects a paramagnetic centre with a single electron. Antioxidants neutralize free radicals, therefore, EPR analysis of antioxidant efficacy is as valuable and important as studying the paramagnetic centres of radicals. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of genistein on free radicals basal level and after UV exposure in breast cancer cell lines MCF7, T47D and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. The impact of genistein on cell viability was investigated at concentrations of 0.37 μM, 3.7 μM, 37 μM and 370 μM. Genistein at a concentration of 370 μM revealed a cytotoxic effect on the cells of all three tested breast cancer lines. Genistein at a concentration of 0.37 μM showed no significant effect on the cell viability of all tested breast cancer lines. Therefore, cell proliferation and antioxidant properties were examined using genistein at a concentration of 0.37 μM and 37 μM. X-band (9.3 GHz) EPR spectra of three different types of breast cancer cells (ER-positive, PR-positive and HER-2 negative: MCF7 and T47D and triple-negative MDA-MB-231) were compared. UV irradiation was used as a factor to generate free radicals in cells. The effect of free radical interactions with the antioxidant genistein was tested for non-UV-irradiated (corresponding to the basal level of free radicals in cells) and UV-irradiated cells. The levels of free radicals in the non-irradiated cells studied increased in the following order in breast cancer cells: T47D < MDA-MB-231 < MCF7 and UV-irradiated breast cancer cells: MDA-MB-231 < MCF7 < T47D. UV-irradiation altered free radical levels in all control and genistein-cultured cells tested. UV irradiation caused a slight decrease in the amount of free radicals in MCF7 cells. A strong decrease in the amount of free radicals was observed in UV-irradiated MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. The amount of free radicals in T47D cancer cells increased after UV irradiation. Genistein decreased the amount of free radicals in non-irradiated and UV-irradiated MCF7 cells, and only a weak effect of genistein concentrations was reported. Genistein greatly decreased the amount of free radicals in UV-irradiated T47D cancer cells cultured with genistein at a concentration of 3.7 μM. The effect of genistein was negligible in the other samples. Genistein at a concentration of 3.7 μM decreased the amount of free radicals in non-irradiated MDA-MB-231 cancer cells, but genistein at a concentration of 37 μM did not change the amount of free radicals in these cells. An increase in the amount of free radicals in UV-irradiated MDA-MB-231 cancer cells was observed with increasing genistein concentration. The antioxidant efficacy of genistein as a potential plant-derived agent supporting the treatment of various cancers may be determined by differences in signalling pathways that are characteristic of breast cancer cell line subtypes and differences in activation of oxidative stress response pathways. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress in Human Health and Diseases)
Show Figures

Figure 1

Back to TopTop