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Special Issue "Recent Advances in Obesity-Related Metabolic Diseases"

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Dr. Sandip Mukherjee
E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Science, Washington University in St. Louis, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
Interests: obesity; metabolism; insulin resistance; adipose tissue; liver; NAD metabolism; mitochondria

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The prevalence of obesity has significantly increased in the past few decades because of sedentary life styles and limited physical activity. Obesity is now considered a global epidemic disease. Obesity is a chronic disease that can cause or aggravate co-morbidities including type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, cardiovascular disease (CVD), metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MAFLD), metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), and certain other diseases.

The major contributor of obesity-induced metabolic dysfunction includes dysfunction of adipose tissue, liver, skeletal muscle, gut, and brain. Unfortunately, we do not have a comprehensive knowledge about these individual organs and their cross-talk during pathological conditions. Enormous research has been conducted and is also actively pursuing a search for novel targets which could be pharmacologically targeted to combat these diseases.

The Special Issue aims to summarize research studies involving obesity and associated comorbidities. The major focus is studies reporting novel pathways or targets in obesity. Translational studies including pre-clinical studies with rodents and human subjects are also encouraged in this issue.

Original research articles include (but not limited to) deciphering novel pathways with molecular mechanisms, unravelling the role of unknown or less-characterized proteins in obesity metabolism, and exploring the function of adipose tissue, liver, heart, and muscle.

Dr. Sandip Mukherjee
Guest Editor

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Keywords

obesity
metabolism
adipose tissue
liver
inflammation
hyperglycemia
hyperlipidemia
cardiovascular diseases
new drug targets
translational studies

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22 pages, 1940 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome among Non-Diabetic Saudi Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

and

Biomedicines 2023, 11(12), 3242; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11123242 - 07 Dec 2023

Viewed by 226

Abstract

(1) Introduction: given the high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Saudi Arabia, especially in Jeddah, this study aims to understand the dietary and lifestyle-related risk factors among Jeddah’s non-diabetic adults. (2) Material and Methods: Employing a cross-sectional design, non-diabetic adults were sourced from public healthcare centers. Demographics, lifestyle, and dietary habits were surveyed. Blood pressure, anthropometrics, and fasting blood samples measuring plasma glucose, serum triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol were collected. The age cut-off for MetS was ascertained using the receiver operating characteristic curve. Variables influencing MetS were evaluated using univariate logistic regression, and consequential factors underwent multivariate analysis, adjusted for age and sex. (3) Results: Among 1339 participants, 16% had MetS, with age being the strongest predictor (p < 0.001). The optimal age cut-off was 32 years. For those <32, elevated BP in men and waist circumference (WC) in women were most prevalent. For those >32, elevated WC was dominant in both sexes. Univariate logistic regression revealed that higher income and education correlated with lower MetS prevalence, while marriage and smoking were risk factors. Adjusting for age and sex, only very high income had a significant low-risk association (p = 0.034). (4) Conclusion: MetS is notable in the studied group, with age as the pivotal predictor. High income reduces MetS risk, while marital status and smoking could increase it. Since this was a cross-sectional study, cohort studies are needed to validate our findings. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Obesity-Related Metabolic Diseases)

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9 pages, 464 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Multimarker Approach as More Reliable Method Than Single Vitamin D in Relationship with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Montenegrin Postmenopausal Women

and

Biomedicines 2023, 11(10), 2610; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11102610 - 23 Sep 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 369

Abstract

Objective: Previous studies suggested that ethnic differences, sex and obesity could modify the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], glycometabolic markers and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). We aimed to examine the potential relationship between [25(OH)D] and T2D in postmenopausal women in Montenegro. In addition, we aimed to explore if a set of biomarkers, rather than [25(OH)D] as a single biomarker, could better explain its potential association with T2D. Patients and Methods: A total of 116 postmenopausal, otherwise healthy women and 48 postmenopausal women with T2D were included. Univariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analysis, along with principal component analysis (PCA), were applied to test the associations between examined biomarkers/set of biomarkers with T2D. Results: Women with T2D had lower serum [25(OH)D] levels than healthy controls (p = 0.024). No independent relationship between [25(OH)D] and T2D was found. PCA extracted three significant factors that were associated with T2D, i.e., age-glycometabolic-related factor (i.e., with positive loadings of age, glucose and insulin; OR = 11.321, p < 0.001), obesity-inflammation- related factor (i.e., with positive loadings of hsCRP and WC, and negative loading of [25(OH)D]; (OR = 2.079, p < 0.001)) and lipid-related factor (i.e., with positive loadings of TG and LDL-c, and negative loading of HDL-c; OR = 1.423, p = 0.044). Conclusions: The relationship between [25(OH)D] and T2D is modulated by central obesity (as measured by WC) and inflammation (as measured with hsCRP) in postmenopausal women. Their joint measurement, rather than [25(OH)D] itself, could provide better information for the risk assessment for T2D in postmenopausal women. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Obesity-Related Metabolic Diseases)

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Special Issue "Recent Advances in Obesity-Related Metabolic Diseases"

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