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Special Issue "Metabolic Syndrome from the Perspectives of Genetics, Genomics and Proteomics"

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Gautam Kumar Pandey
E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
Interests: genetics; genomics; diabetes; metabolic syndrome

Dr. Prabu Paramasivam

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
Interests: cerebral ischemic stroke; neuroinflammation; neuroprotective drug discovery; diabetes and its complications especially microvascular; gene expression and epigenetic regulation
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is the cluster of various metabolic abnormalities that includes high blood glucose levels, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, abdominal obesity as well as low HDL levels sometimes. The World Health Organization illustrates that the presence of three or more of these metabolic abnormalities constitutes metabolic syndrome. According to data from the IDF Atlas, global prevalence of diabetes—which is the highest contributor towards MetS—is at 8.8% and is only increasing; MetS, which is more than three times more common than diabetes itself, can be estimated to effect 25% of the world population.

Recent advancements in genetics and genomics approaches have allowed us to better understand metabolic diseases. For example, recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified many new loci and genes associated with BMI and blood glucose levels. Moreover, advanced genomics and other multi-omics approaches have enabled us to study these new loci and genes more robustly in a high-throughput manner.

This Special Issue invites articles which study various aspects of metabolic syndrome in regard to advanced genetics, genomics and proteomics approaches and that shed new light on various aspects of metabolic diseases.

Dr. Gautam Kumar Pandey
Dr. Prabu Paramasivam
Guest Editors

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Keywords

metabolic syndrome
type 2 diabetes
obesity
genetics
genomics

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12 pages, 942 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Elucidating the Histone Deacetylase Gene Expression Signatures in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells That Correlate Essential Cardiac Function and Aid in Classifying Coronary Artery Disease through a Logistic Regression Model

and

Biomedicines 2023, 11(11), 2952; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11112952 - 01 Nov 2023

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Abstract

A proinflammatory role of HDACs has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis as an emerging novel epigenetic diagnostic biomarker. However, its association with the clinical and cardiovascular function in coronary artery disease is largely unknown. The study aimed to profile the gene expression of HDAC1–11 in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and to evaluate their influence on hematological, biochemical, and two-dimensional echocardiographic indices in CAD. The HDAC gene expression profiles were assessed in 62 angioproven CAD patients and compared with 62 healthy controls. Among the HDACs, upregulated HDACs 1,2, 4, 6, 8, 9, and 11 were upregulated, and HDAC3 was downregulated, which was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) linked with the hematological (basophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils), biochemical (LDL, HDL, and TGL), and echocardiographic parameters (cardiac function: biplane LVEF, GLS, MV E/A, IVRT, and PV S/D) in CAD. Furthermore, our constructed diagnostic model with the crucial HDACs establishes the most crucial HDACs in the classification of CAD from control with an excellent accuracy of 88.6%. Conclusively, our study has provided a novel perspective on the HDAC gene expression underlying cardiac function that is useful in developing molecular methods for CAD diagnosis. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metabolic Syndrome from the Perspectives of Genetics, Genomics and Proteomics)

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15 pages, 4263 KiB

Open AccessReview

The Antioxidative Effects of Flavones in Hypertensive Disease

Alexandria Porcia Haynes

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Biomedicines 2023, 11(11), 2877; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11112877 - 24 Oct 2023

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Abstract

Hypertension is the leading remediable risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the United States. Excess dietary salt consumption, which is a catalyst of hypertension, initiates an inflammatory cascade via activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs). This pro-inflammatory response is driven primarily by sodium ions (Na⁺) transporting into APCs by the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) and subsequent NADPH oxidase activation, leading to high levels of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress, a well-known catalyst for hypertension-related illness development, disturbs redox homeostasis, which ultimately promotes lipid peroxidation, isolevuglandin production and an inflammatory response. Natural medicinal compounds derived from organic materials that are characterized by their anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-mutagenic properties have recently gained traction amongst the pharmacology community due to their therapeutic effects. Flavonoids, a natural phenolic compound, have these therapeutic benefits and can potentially serve as anti-hypertensives. Flavones are a type of flavonoid that have increased anti-inflammatory effects that may allow them to act as therapeutic agents for hypertension, including diosmetin, which is able to induce significant arterial vasodilation in several different animal models. This review will focus on the activity of flavones to illuminate potential preventative and potential therapeutic mechanisms against hypertension. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metabolic Syndrome from the Perspectives of Genetics, Genomics and Proteomics)

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Special Issue "Metabolic Syndrome from the Perspectives of Genetics, Genomics and Proteomics"

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