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Biomedicines
Special Issues
COVID-19-Related Pulmonary Conditions and Their Treatment
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COVID-19-Related Pulmonary Conditions and Their Treatment

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular and Translational Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 5228

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Teruya Komatsu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of General Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization (NHO) Nagara Medical Center, 1300-7 Nagara, Gifu 502-8558, Japan
Interests: general thoracic surgery; lung cancer; video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS); nutrition support team (NST); infectious diseases; COVID-19

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue, “COVID-19-Related Pulmonary Conditions and Their Treatment”, will mainly focus on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and pulmonary conditions caused by COVID-19.

COVID-19 is a disease caused by a virus named SARS-CoV-2. Due to its contagiousness, it has quickly spread around the world. Globally, as of 5 January 2023, there have been 657,430,133 confirmed cases of COVID-19, including 6,676,645 deaths, reported to WHO.

Most people with COVID-19 have mild symptoms, but some people become severely ill, some of which are severe pulmonary conditions which necessitate mechanical ventilation.

A deep understanding of COVID-19-related pulmonary conditions can help us to treat patients with pulmonary conditions. We thus consider this subject to be of particular interest; the topic has the potential to expand biomedicine toward new horizons.

We cordially invite authors in the field to submit original research and review articles regarding COVID-19-related pulmonary conditions and their treatment, pertaining to this important and fast-progressing field of biomedicine.

Dr. Teruya Komatsu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • COVID-19
  • dexamethasone
  • ground glass opacity
  • pneumonia
  • remdesivir SARS-CoV-2

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 1301 KiB  
Article
Association of Immune Semaphorins with COVID-19 Severity and Outcomes
by Martina Vargovic, Neven Papic, Lara Samadan, Mirjana Balen Topic and Adriana Vince
Biomedicines 2023, 11(10), 2786; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11102786 - 13 Oct 2023
Viewed by 832
Abstract
Semaphorins have recently been recognized as crucial modulators of immune responses. In the pathogenesis of COVID-19, the activation of immune responses is the key factor in the development of severe disease. This study aimed to determine the association of serum semaphorin concentrations with [...] Read more.
Semaphorins have recently been recognized as crucial modulators of immune responses. In the pathogenesis of COVID-19, the activation of immune responses is the key factor in the development of severe disease. This study aimed to determine the association of serum semaphorin concentrations with COVID-19 severity and outcomes. Serum semaphorin concentrations (SEMA3A, -3C, -3F, -4D, -7A) were measured in 80 hospitalized adult patients with COVID-19 (moderate (n = 24), severe (n = 32), critical, (n = 24)) and 40 healthy controls. While SEMA3C, SEMA3F and SEMA7A serum concentrations were significantly higher in patients with COVID-19, SEMA3A was significantly lower. Furthermore, SEMA3A and SEMA3C decreased with COVID-19 severity, while SEMA3F and SEMA7A increased. SEMA4D showed no correlation with disease severity. Serum semaphorin levels show better predictive values than CRP, IL-6 and LDH for differentiating critical from moderate/severe COVID-19. SEMA3F and SEMA7A serum concentrations were associated with the time to recovery, requirement of invasive mechanical ventilation, development of pulmonary thrombosis and nosocomial infections, as well as with in-hospital mortality. In conclusion, we provide the first evidence that SEMA3A, SEMA3C, SEMA3F and SEMA7A can be considered as new biomarkers of COVID-19 severity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue COVID-19-Related Pulmonary Conditions and Their Treatment)
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13 pages, 1170 KiB  
Article
Is Pulmonary Involvement a Distinct Phenotype of Post-COVID-19?
by Krystian T. Bartczak, Joanna Miłkowska-Dymanowska, Małgorzata Pietrusińska, Anna Kumor-Kisielewska, Adam Stańczyk, Sebastian Majewski, Wojciech J. Piotrowski, Cezary Lipiński, Sebastian Wawrocki and Adam J. Białas
Biomedicines 2023, 11(10), 2694; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11102694 - 2 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1106
Abstract
(1) Background: COVID-19 infection often provokes symptoms lasting many months: most commonly fatigue, dyspnea, myalgia and mental distress symptoms. In this study, we searched for clinical features of post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) and differences between patients with and without pulmonary involvement. (2) Methods: A [...] Read more.
(1) Background: COVID-19 infection often provokes symptoms lasting many months: most commonly fatigue, dyspnea, myalgia and mental distress symptoms. In this study, we searched for clinical features of post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) and differences between patients with and without pulmonary involvement. (2) Methods: A total of 282 patients with a mean age of 57 years (SD +/− 12 years) underwent assessment up to 12 weeks after COVID-19 recovery. The course of acute disease, past medical history and clinical symptoms were gathered; pulmonary function tests were performed; radiographic studies were assessed and follow-up examinations were conducted. Patients with and without detectable pulmonary lesions were divided into separate groups. (3) Results: Patients within the pulmonary group were more often older (59 vs. 51 y.o.; p < 0.001) males (p = 0.002) that underwent COVID-19-related hospitalization (p < 0.001) and were either ex- or active smokers with the median of 20 pack-years. We also managed to find correlations with hypertension (p = 0.01), liver failure (p = 0.03), clinical symptoms such as dyspnea (p < 0.001), myalgia (p = 0.04), headache (p = 0.009), sleeplessness (p = 0.046), pulmonary function tests (such as FVC, TLCO, RV and TLC; p < 0.001) and several basic laboratory tests (D-dimer, cardiac troponin, WBC, creatinine and others). (4) Conclusions: Our results indicate that initial pulmonary involvement alters the PCC, and it can be used to individualize clinical approaches. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue COVID-19-Related Pulmonary Conditions and Their Treatment)
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9 pages, 1436 KiB  
Article
Efficacy and Safety of Anticoagulant Therapy in COVID-19-Related Pulmonary Embolism with Different Extension
by Maria Chiara Gatto, Alessandra Oliva, Claudia Palazzolo, Claudio Picariello, Andrea Garascia, Emanuele Nicastri, Enrico Girardi and Andrea Antinori
Biomedicines 2023, 11(5), 1282; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11051282 - 26 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1479
Abstract
Pulmonary embolism (PE) has been associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, and its incidence is highly variable. The aim of our study was to describe the radiological and clinical presentations, as well as the therapeutic management, of PEs that occurred during SARS-CoV-2 infection in a [...] Read more.
Pulmonary embolism (PE) has been associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, and its incidence is highly variable. The aim of our study was to describe the radiological and clinical presentations, as well as the therapeutic management, of PEs that occurred during SARS-CoV-2 infection in a cohort of hospitalized patients. In this observational study, we enrolled patients with moderate COVID-19 who developed PE during hospitalization. Clinical, laboratory, and radiological features were recorded. PE was diagnosed on clinical suspicion and/or CT angiography. According to CT angiography results, two groups of patients were further distinguished: those with proximal or central pulmonary embolism (cPE) and those with distal or micro-pulmonary embolism (mPE). A total of 56 patients with a mean age of 78 ± 15 years were included. Overall, PE occurred after a median of 2 days from hospitalization (range 0–47 days) and, interestingly, the majority of them (89%) within the first 10 days of hospitalization, without differences between the groups. Patients with cPE were younger (p = 0.02), with a lower creatinine clearance (p = 0.04), and tended to have a higher body weight (p = 0.059) and higher D-Dimer values (p = 0.059) than patients with mPE. In all patients, low-weight molecular heparin (LWMH) at anticoagulant dosage was promptly started as soon as PE was diagnosed. After a mean of 16 ± 9 days, 94% of patients with cPE were switched to oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy, which was a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) in 86% of cases. In contrast, only in 68% of patients with mPE, the prosecution with OAC was indicated. The duration of treatment was at least 3 months from PE diagnosis in all patients who started OAC. At the 3-month follow-up, no persistence or recurrence of PE as well as no clinically relevant bleedings were found in both groups. In conclusion, pulmonary embolism in patients with SARS-CoV-2 may have different extensions. Used with clinical judgment, oral anticoagulant therapy with DOAC was effective and safe. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue COVID-19-Related Pulmonary Conditions and Their Treatment)
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13 pages, 1610 KiB  
Article
Low-Dose Radiotherapy for Patients with Pneumonia Due to COVID-19: A Single-Institution Prospective Study
by Tomasz Wojciech Rutkowski, Jerzy Jaroszewicz, Damian Piotrowski, Krzysztof Ślosarek, Barbara Sobala-Szczygieł, Dorota Słonina, Bożena Włostowska, Dawid Bodusz, Maciej Piasecki, Michał Nachlik, Barbara Oczko-Grzesik, Adam Gądek, Dorota Kowal, Roman Rutkowski, Elżbieta Wojarska-Tręda and Krzysztof Składowski
Biomedicines 2023, 11(3), 858; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11030858 - 11 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1408
Abstract
Purpose: Results of the low-dose radiation therapy (LDRT) in patients with pneumonia due to COVID-19 has been presented. Methods: Fifteen patients received a single-fraction radiation dose of 1 Gy to the bilateral lungs due to pre-ARDS pneumonia in the course of COVID-19. Follow-up [...] Read more.
Purpose: Results of the low-dose radiation therapy (LDRT) in patients with pneumonia due to COVID-19 has been presented. Methods: Fifteen patients received a single-fraction radiation dose of 1 Gy to the bilateral lungs due to pre-ARDS pneumonia in the course of COVID-19. Follow-up was performed on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 after LDRT. Results: Eleven patients (73%) were released up until day 28. Median hospitalization was 20 days; 28-day mortality was 13%. Median O2 saturation improved within 24 h after LDRT in 14/15, with median SpO2 values of 84.5% vs. 87.5% p = 0.016, respectively. At day 14 of hospitalization, 46% did not require oxygen supplementation. Significant decline in CRP and IL-6 was observed within 24 h post LDRT. No organ toxicities were noted. Conclusion: LDRT is feasible, well tolerated and may translate to early clinical recovery in patients with severe pneumonia. Further studies are needed to determine optimal candidate, time and dose of LDRT for COVID-19 patients with pneumonia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue COVID-19-Related Pulmonary Conditions and Their Treatment)
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