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Batteries
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Lithium-Ion Battery Energy Storage Technology
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Lithium-Ion Battery Energy Storage Technology

A special issue of Batteries (ISSN 2313-0105). This special issue belongs to the section "Battery Modelling, Simulation, Management and Application".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2023) | Viewed by 13944

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Tatiana L. Kulova

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospekt 31-4, 119071 Moscow, Russia
Interests: lithium intercalation; sodium intercalation; power sources; lithium-ion battery; sodium-ion battery; lithium–air battery; cathodic and anodic nanomaterials
Prof. Dr. Alexander Skundin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospekt 31-4, 119071 Moscow, Russia
Interests: electrochemical kinetics; fundamentals of chemical power sources; lithium-ion batteries; electrocatalysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Lithium-ion batteries are known to be the most popular (and in certain cases the only) power sources in diverse areas, including portable electronics and electric vehicles. They possess rather high energy density and cyclability. At the same time, their further improvement is an acute task connected with the development of novel functional materials and design solutions.

The main purpose of this Special Issue is to present achievements on the synthesis and research of new high-capacity cathode and anode materials, electrolytes operating in a wide temperature range and at high positive potentials for lithium-ion batteries, as well as research in the field of post-lithium-ion batteries.

Topics of interest for this issue include but are not be limited to the following:

  • Lithium-ion batteries (electrode materials, battery electrochemistry, electrolyte, and separators)
  • Solid electrolyte interface (SEI)
  • High-capacity cathode and anode materials
  • Wide-voltage-window electrolyte
  • Research techniques
  • Cycling stability
  • New electrochemical systems for lithium-ion batteries and post-lithium-ion batteries

Prof. Dr. Tatiana L. Kulova
Prof. Dr. Alexander Skundin
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Batteries is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • lithium-ion batteries
  • electrode materials
  • nanostructures
  • materials synthesis
  • characterization techniques
  • working mechanism
  • electrolyte
  • battery design
  • battery manufacturing
  • wide temperature range

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

27 pages, 5326 KiB  
Article
QC and MD Modelling for Predicting the Electrochemical Stability Window of Electrolytes: New Estimating Algorithm
by Yuri A. Dobrovolsky, Margarita G. Ilyina, Elizaveta Y. Evshchik, Edward M. Khamitov, Alexander V. Chernyak, Anna V. Shikhovtseva, Tatiana I. Melnikova, Olga V. Bushkova and Sophia S. Borisevich
Batteries 2022, 8(12), 292; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries8120292 - 18 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2683
Abstract
The electrolyte is an important component of lithium-ion batteries, especially when it comes to cycling high-voltage cathode materials. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for estimating both the oxidising and reducing potential of electrolytes using molecular dynamics and quantum chemistry techniques. This [...] Read more.
The electrolyte is an important component of lithium-ion batteries, especially when it comes to cycling high-voltage cathode materials. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for estimating both the oxidising and reducing potential of electrolytes using molecular dynamics and quantum chemistry techniques. This algorithm can help to determine the composition and structure of the solvate complexes formed when a salt is dissolved in a mixture of solvents. To develop and confirm the efficiency of the algorithm, LiBF4 solutions in binary mixtures of ethylene carbonate (EC)/dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and sulfolane (SL)/dimethyl carbonate (DMC) were studied. The structure and composition of the complexes formed in these systems were determined according to molecular dynamics. Quantum chemical estimation of the thermodynamic and oxidative stability of solvate complexes made it possible to establish which complexes make the most significant contribution to the electrochemical stability of the electrolyte system. This method can also be used to determine the additive value of the oxidation and reduction potentials of the electrolyte, along with the contribution of each complex to the overall stability of the electrolyte. Theoretical calculations were confirmed experimentally in the course of studying electrolytes by step-by-step polarisation using inert electrodes. Thus, the main aim of the study is to demonstrate the possibility of using the developed algorithm to select the optimal composition and solvent ratio to achieve predicted redox stability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lithium-Ion Battery Energy Storage Technology)
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12 pages, 5721 KiB  
Article
Improvement of the Electrode–Electrolyte Interface Using Crosslinked Carbonate-Based Copolymers for Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries
by Nantapat Soontornnon, Yuto Kimata and Yoichi Tominaga
Batteries 2022, 8(12), 273; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries8120273 - 05 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2287
Abstract
To enhance the stability and capacity of discharge in a solid-state battery system, we created a design that uses the same carbonate-based copolymer for a solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) and a polymer binder in a cathode. Here, we report on the crosslinked copolymer [...] Read more.
To enhance the stability and capacity of discharge in a solid-state battery system, we created a design that uses the same carbonate-based copolymer for a solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) and a polymer binder in a cathode. Here, we report on the crosslinked copolymer at different mol% of the allyl side group and the obtained crosslinked copolymer at 4.0 mol% (CP1) and 7.7 mol% (CP2) of the allyl side group, which were characterized by using NMR, TG/DTA, DSC, and a tensile test. The results show that CP1 and CP2 had better mechanical and thermal properties than the carbonate polymer. The superior thermal resistance behavior and good mechanical properties of the crosslinked carbonate-based copolymer were confirmed and were promising under high temperatures and longer cycles than the original copolymer electrolyte at the same salt concentration of 80 mol%. The results reveal that the addition of a crosslinked carbonate-based copolymer for the binder increased the discharge capacity by as much as 140 mAh g−1 because of the reduced resistance, which was confirmed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), while the PVDF binder at 100% of the cathode provided a change of only 107 mAh g−1. This research shows that using the same polymer for a binder and an SPE as a homogenous system can potentially improve a battery’s performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lithium-Ion Battery Energy Storage Technology)
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15 pages, 2928 KiB  
Article
Numerical Models of the Electrolyte Filling Process of Lithium-Ion Batteries to Accelerate and Improve the Process and Cell Design
by Jan Hagemeister, Florian J. Günter, Thomas Rinner, Franziska Zhu, Alexander Papst and Rüdiger Daub
Batteries 2022, 8(10), 159; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries8100159 - 06 Oct 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2748
Abstract
In order to meet consumer demands for electric transportation, the energy density of lithium-ion batteries (LIB) must be improved. Therefore, a trend to increase the overall size of the individual cell and to decrease the share of inactive materials is needed. The process [...] Read more.
In order to meet consumer demands for electric transportation, the energy density of lithium-ion batteries (LIB) must be improved. Therefore, a trend to increase the overall size of the individual cell and to decrease the share of inactive materials is needed. The process of electrolyte filling involves the injection of electrolyte liquid into the cell, as well as the absorption of the electrolyte into the pores of the electrodes and the separator, which is known as wetting. The trend towards larger-format LIB challenges the electrolyte filling due to an increase in wetting distance for the electrolyte as well as a decrease in the void volume of the cell. The optimization of the process via numerical simulation promises to reduce costs and ensure quality during battery production. The two models developed in this study are based on a commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) program to study the effect of process parameters, such as pressure and temperature, on the filling process. The results were verified with neutron radiography images of the dosing process and a feasibility study for a wetting simulation is shown. For all simulations, specific recommendations are provided to set up the electrolyte filling process, based on which factors generate the greatest improvement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lithium-Ion Battery Energy Storage Technology)
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14 pages, 3448 KiB  
Article
Influence of the Ni Catalyst on the Properties of the Si-C Composite Material for LIB Anodes
by Darina A. Lozhkina, Vladimir P. Ulin, Mikhail E. Kompan, Aleksander M. Rumyantsev, Irina S. Kondrashkova, Andrei A. Krasilin and Ekaterina V. Astrova
Batteries 2022, 8(8), 102; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries8080102 - 21 Aug 2022
Viewed by 1730
Abstract
The subject of this study was Si-C composites for lithium-ion battery (LIB) anodes obtained by carbonization of nanodispersed silicon with carbon monofluoride. To determine the possibility of increasing the degree of graphitization of nanodispersed carbon forming shells around the silicon particles at lower [...] Read more.
The subject of this study was Si-C composites for lithium-ion battery (LIB) anodes obtained by carbonization of nanodispersed silicon with carbon monofluoride. To determine the possibility of increasing the degree of graphitization of nanodispersed carbon forming shells around the silicon particles at lower temperatures, nickel in the form of an alcoholic solution of Ni(NO3)2 was introduced as a catalyst into the pellets of the resulting composite. The XRD, Raman scattering and EDS methods were used to investigate changes both in the phase and elemental composition of materials resulting from the annealing of the Ni-containing Si-C composite over the temperature range of 500–1100 °C. It was found for the first time that nickel silicides that emerged during the annealing became catalysts and, at the same time, intermediate products, of cubic silicon carbide (β-SiC) synthesis, which reduced its temperature formation from ~1100 °C to ~800 °C. The same compounds had a catalytic effect on the carbon atom association, leading to an increase in the degree of its graphitization. The influence of changing the composition of the investigated material on the electrochemical characteristics of the obtained negative LIB electrodes was traced. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lithium-Ion Battery Energy Storage Technology)
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10 pages, 1479 KiB  
Communication
Testing a Lithium-Oxygen (Air) Battery: Catalytic Properties of Positive Electrode Materials
by Vera Bogdanovskaya and Oleg Korchagin
Batteries 2022, 8(8), 94; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries8080094 - 16 Aug 2022
Viewed by 1511
Abstract
Although research in the field of lithium-oxygen (air) batteries (LOB) is rapidly developing, few comprehensive studies on the dependence of the catalytic properties of positive electrode materials on LOB test conditions are present. In this paper, the influence of the current density, the [...] Read more.
Although research in the field of lithium-oxygen (air) batteries (LOB) is rapidly developing, few comprehensive studies on the dependence of the catalytic properties of positive electrode materials on LOB test conditions are present. In this paper, the influence of the current density, the type of oxidizer (pure oxygen or air), and a solvent in the electrolyte (DMSO or tetraglyme) on the electrocatalytic properties of PtM/CNT systems (M = Ru, Co, Cr) used as a positive electrode is investigated. It is shown that at a current density of 500 mA/g, more pronounced catalytic effects are observed during the LOB operation than that at 200 mA/g. The obtained results may be explained by the reduced adverse impact of surface passivation with lithium peroxide in the presence of catalysts compared to a similar effect when using unmodified carbon nanotubes (CNT). It is established that the influence of the current density on the catalytic properties continues upon the transition from oxygen to air as an oxidizer. When studying the effect of electrolytes on the catalytic properties of materials subjected to long-term LOB cycling, it is shown that the catalytic effects are most prominent when charged in a tetraglyme medium. Although using a catalyst has practically no effect on the number of cycles for both electrolytes, LOB having tetraglyme exceeds the cyclability of LOB having DMSO. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lithium-Ion Battery Energy Storage Technology)
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18 pages, 4898 KiB  
Article
Effect of Si-Based Anode Lithiation on Charging Characteristics of All-Solid-State Lithium-Ion Battery
by Alexander S. Rudy, Sergei V. Kurbatov, Alexander A. Mironenko, Victor V. Naumov, Alexander M. Skundin and Yulia S. Egorova
Batteries 2022, 8(8), 87; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries8080087 - 14 Aug 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1989
Abstract
The description of the design, manufacturing technology, and test results of thin-film solid-state lithium-ion batteries with a nanocomposite negative electrode Si@O@Al is given herein. This electrochemical system features the hike on the charging curve plateau, which is interpreted as the change from I–V [...] Read more.
The description of the design, manufacturing technology, and test results of thin-film solid-state lithium-ion batteries with a nanocomposite negative electrode Si@O@Al is given herein. This electrochemical system features the hike on the charging curve plateau, which is interpreted as the change from I–V of the Ti-Si@O@Al contact. The latter is due to the change in the type of silicon conductivity during lithiation, as a result of which the ohmic metal-semiconductor contact proves to be biased in the reverse direction, and the charging current is maintained by minority charge carriers. It is shown that the current-conducting component Si@O@Al is formed by a solid solution a-Si(Al), which has a p-type conductivity. The change in the type of conductivity occurs as a result of silicon compensation through lithiation. It was found that Si@O@Al is nonlinear conductor, which can be considered as a percolation cluster formed by amorphous silicon nanoparticles and molecular clusters of silicon dioxide. The height of the Schottky barrier of the Ti|a-Si(Al) contact and the electron affinity of the a-Si(Al) solid solution were estimated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lithium-Ion Battery Energy Storage Technology)
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