Application of Satellite-Based Precipitation Estimates Using Machine Learning and Numerical Modeling

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Atmospheric Techniques, Instruments, and Modeling".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 2549

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University, El Paso, TX 79927, USA
Interests: hydrology; hydro-meteorological extremes; climate change; satellite-based precipitation estimates; citizen science in water resources engineering
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Guest Editor
NOAA, Climate Prediction Center (CPC), National Centers for Environmental Predictions, 5830 University Research Court, College Park, MD 20740, USA
Interests: artificial intelligence; climate variability; weather and climate extremes; natural hazard vulnerability assessments; flood forecasting; statistical and dynamical downscaling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The precipitation information is generally derived from ground-based rain gauges, meteorological radars, and satellite-based estimates. With the advancement in satellite technology, different missions are successfully being operated to observe climatic variables, including precipitation. Around the world, the availability of high resolution (spatial and temporal) has been recognized as a crucial achievement, and satellite-based products have been applied in many disciplines. However, these satellite-based estimates might contain systematic as well as random biases.  Assessing the accuracy and performance is a prerequisite for any satellite-based estimates before using them for hydrologic and water resources planning or decision-making. Blending satellite-based estimates, ground-based rain gauges, and reanalysis data could augment our understanding of the spatiotemporal characteristics of precipitation, particularly in data-scarce regions. Similarly, downscaling and bias-correcting the satellite-based estimates are equally crucial to get information on a local scale. Several techniques, including artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), play an instrumental role while using these satellite-based precipitation estimates. This Special Issue aims to collect the state-of-the-art contributions appraising the use of satellite-based precipitation estimates. In particular, it is quite challenging to understand the spatiotemporal distribution of weather variables and their atmospheric mechanisms during extreme weather events. Moreover, these satellite-based products still have uncertainties when focusing on extreme weather events, such as cloudbursts or flash floods. Therefore, this special issue encourages the contributors to explore the opportunities and challenges in using satellite-based precipitation products during extreme events. Topics of specific interest also include:

  • Review of various satellite-based products
  • Opportunities and challenges in the use of satellite-based products in data-scarce regions 
  • Bias correction and spatial downscaling of satellite-based products
  • Comparison of different satellite-based products with high-resolution weather observations
  • Development of high space-time resolution datasets of meteorological variables
  • Use of numerical models (i.e., atmospheric, hydrologic) using satellite-based products

Dr. Rocky Talchabhadel
Dr. Md Abul Ehsan Bhuiyan
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • satellite-based precipitation
  • extreme precipitation
  • weather monitoring
  • numerical modeling
  • bias correction and spatial downscaling
  • cloud

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

23 pages, 5960 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Soil Moisture-Based Satellite Precipitation Products over Semi-Arid Climatic Region
by Muhammad Asif, Muhammad Umer Nadeem, Muhammad Naveed Anjum, Bashir Ahmad, Gulakhmadov Manuchekhr, Muhammad Umer, Muhammad Hamza, Muhammad Mashood Javaid and Tie Liu
Atmosphere 2023, 14(1), 8; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14010008 - 20 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1601
Abstract
The ground validation of satellite-based precipitation products (SPPs) is very important for their hydroclimatic application. This study evaluated the performance assessment of four soil moisture-based SPPs (SM2Rain, SM2Rain- ASCAT, SM2Rain-CCI, and GPM-SM2Rain). All data of SPPs were compared with 64 weather stations in [...] Read more.
The ground validation of satellite-based precipitation products (SPPs) is very important for their hydroclimatic application. This study evaluated the performance assessment of four soil moisture-based SPPs (SM2Rain, SM2Rain- ASCAT, SM2Rain-CCI, and GPM-SM2Rain). All data of SPPs were compared with 64 weather stations in Pakistan from January 2005 to December 2020. All SPPs estimations were evaluated on daily, monthly, seasonal, and yearly scales, over the whole spatial domain, and at point-to-pixel scale. Widely used evaluation indices (root mean square error (RMSE), correlation coefficient (CC), bias, and relative bias (rBias)) along with categorical indices (false alarm ratio (FAR), probability of detection (POD), success ratio (SR), and critical success index (CSI) were evaluated for performance analysis. The results of our study signposted that: (1) On a monthly scale, all SPPs estimations were in better agreement with gauge estimations as compared to daily scales. Moreover, SM2Rain and GPM-SM2Rain products accurately traced the spatio-temporal variability with CC >0.7 and rBIAS within the acceptable range (±10) of the whole country. (2) On a seasonal scale (spring, summer, winter, and autumn), GPM-SM2Rain performed more satisfactorily as compared to all other SPPs. (3) All SPPs performed better at capturing light precipitation events, as indicated by the Probability Density Function (PDF); however, in the summer season, all SPPs displayed considerable over/underestimates with respect to PDF (%). Moreover, GPM-SM2RAIN beat all other SPPs in terms of probability of detection. Consequently, we suggest the daily and monthly use of GPM-SM2Rain and SM2Rain for hydro climate applications in a semi-arid climate zone (Pakistan). Full article
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