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Applied Sciences
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Environmental Pollution: From Phytoremediation to Phytomonitoring
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Environmental Pollution: From Phytoremediation to Phytomonitoring

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2021) | Viewed by 11432

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Graziella Berta

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale, viale Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
Interests: mycorrhiza; PGPB; symbiosis; root; plant physiology; plant stress; phytoremediation; disease resistance
Dr. Simone Cantamessa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Council for Agricultural Research and Agricultural, Economy Analysis (CREA), Research Centre for Forestry and Wood (FL), 15033 Casale Monferrato, Italy
Interests: plant physiology; water relations; wood; poplar
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Based on the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adopted by all United Nations Member States in 2015, the conservation and restoration of ecosystems are mandatory. Among the possible treatments, phytoremediation entails a set of natural processes that can behave as a natural filter for remediation of polluted soils, water, and air. Phytoremediation is an economical technique with lower employment of energy and technology and, in many cases, is the only applicable technique. Due to their characteristics, plants can also be employed for monitoring the degree of pollution in different environmental matrices. Microflora plays a vital role in remediating pollutants and raising plant health status. It could therefore be very useful in improving the efficiency of phytoremediation.

The topics of interest for this Special Issue include but are not limited to the following:

  • Application of plants to soil and water remediation;
  • Phytoextraction from contaminated soils;
  • Phytotreatment of wastewater;
  • Bacteria and mycorrhiza-assisted phytoremediation;
  • Phytomonitoring of polluted sites (physiology and metabolism).

Prof. Dr. Graziella Berta
Dr. Simone Cantamessa
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • phytoremediation
  • contaminants of emerging concern (CECs)
  • constructed wetland
  • phytostabilization
  • phytoextraction
  • phytomonitoring

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 5227 KiB  
Article
Performance of Pistia stratiotes, Salvinia molesta, and Eichhornia crassipes Aquatic Plants in the Tertiary Treatment of Domestic Wastewater with Varying Retention Times
by Hauwa Mohammed Mustafa and Gasim Hayder
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(24), 9105; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10249105 - 19 Dec 2020
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2897
Abstract
Organic matter, nutrients, and chemicals are some of the waste materials found in most domestic wastewaters. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the potentials of Pistia stratiotes, Salvinia molesta, and Eichhornia crassipes aquatic weed plants in the tertiary treatment [...] Read more.
Organic matter, nutrients, and chemicals are some of the waste materials found in most domestic wastewaters. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the potentials of Pistia stratiotes, Salvinia molesta, and Eichhornia crassipes aquatic weed plants in the tertiary treatment of secondary domestic wastewater using hydroponic systems. Physicochemical analysis that considered turbidity, phosphate, ammoniacal nitrogen, and nitrate was conducted on the wastewater samples at different retention times of 6, 12, and 24 h for 14 days. The best performance was observed for a 24 h retention treatment system, with up to 91% (P. stratiotes), 94% (S. molesta), and 89.3% (E. crassipes) reduction for turbidity; 81.2% (P. stratiotes), 82.7% (S. molesta), and 88.5% (E. crassipes) for phosphate reduction; 88.66% (P. stratiotes), 90.47% (S. molesta), and 89.11% (E. crassipes) for ammoniacal nitrogen reduction; 83.6% (P. stratiotes), 92.1% (S. molesta) and 93% (E. crassipes) for nitrate reduction. Hence, the application of hydroponic systems in cultivation of the macrophytes proved to be effective in the phytoremediation process by removing the residual nutrients present in the treated secondary domestic wastewater. Additionally, this method can be used for the cultivation of plant-based biomass and other non-edible useful crops using the free nutrients content of the wastewater before its discharge into the natural environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environmental Pollution: From Phytoremediation to Phytomonitoring)
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16 pages, 1903 KiB  
Article
Enhanced Growth of Mungbean and Remediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Enterobacter sp. MN17 and Biochar Addition in Diesel Contaminated Soil
by Muhammad Hayder Ali, Muhammad Tayyab Sattar, Muhammad Imran Khan, Muhammad Naveed, Munazza Rafique, Saud Alamri and Manzer H. Siddiqui
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(23), 8548; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10238548 - 29 Nov 2020
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 3036
Abstract
Petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) contamination of soil is a widespread global environmental concern due to the persistence and recalcitrant nature of PHCs. The PHCs are highly toxic and their removal from the terrestrial ecosystem is necessary to maintain soil as well as human health. [...] Read more.
Petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) contamination of soil is a widespread global environmental concern due to the persistence and recalcitrant nature of PHCs. The PHCs are highly toxic and their removal from the terrestrial ecosystem is necessary to maintain soil as well as human health. Here, a pot experiment was performed to examine the impact of Enterobacter sp. MN17 and biochar addition on the growth of mungbean plants and PHCs removal from diesel-polluted soil. For this purpose, soil was contaminated artificially with diesel to achieve a final concentration of 5000 mg kg−1. Untreated and Enterobacter sp. MN17 treated mungbean seeds were sown in pots. Sugarcane bagasse biochar was applied as an amendment in respective pots along with the recommended levels of essential nutrients. Results showed that PHCs significantly suppressed the seedling emergence as well as agronomic and physiological attributes of mungbean as compared to un-contaminated controls. However, the co-application of Enterobacter sp. MN17 and biochar significantly reduced the phytotoxicity of PHCs to mungbean plants and effectively increased the seedling emergence, shoot and root length, shoot fresh and dry biomass, root fresh and dry biomass of plants up to 24%, 54%, 52%, 52%, 54%, 55% and 60%, respectively as compared to controls. Similarly, 30%, 57%, 64%, 36% and 57% increase in chlorophylls contents, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, sub-stomatal conductance, and photosynthetic rate, respectively were observed in their combined application as compared to respective controls. Furthermore, the co-addition of biochar and Enterobacter sp. MN17 could remove 69% and 85% higher PHCs from unplanted and planted pots, respectively, than that of their respective controls. Our results suggest that the co-application of biochar and Enterobacter sp. MN17 may be useful in enhancing plant growth and eliminating PHCs from contaminated soil. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environmental Pollution: From Phytoremediation to Phytomonitoring)
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12 pages, 2140 KiB  
Article
Phytoremediation of TSS, NH3-N and COD from Sewage Wastewater by Lemna minor L., Salvinia minima, Ipomea aquatica and Centella asiatica
by Nur Izzah Hamna Abdul Aziz, Marlia Mohd Hanafiah, Nasrun Hisyam Halim and Putri Amylin Sofea Fidri
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(16), 5397; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10165397 - 05 Aug 2020
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 4827
Abstract
The rapid growth of industries has resulted in wastewater generation containing different organic and chemical substances channeled into the water body. This causes the arising of water pollution issues in many regions. The phytoremediation method was introduced in the process of treating water [...] Read more.
The rapid growth of industries has resulted in wastewater generation containing different organic and chemical substances channeled into the water body. This causes the arising of water pollution issues in many regions. The phytoremediation method was introduced in the process of treating water pollution as it is low cost and environmentally friendly. Lemna minor, Salvinia minima, Ipomoea aquatica and Centella asiatica were chosen in this study because they have tolerance to various pollution conditions and are able to remove organic pollutants and heavy metals. The objectives of this study were to determine the water quality before and after treatment, to determine the rate of reduction in total suspended solids (TSS), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in sewage water through the phytoremediation method and to assess the effectiveness of the plants in the phytoremediation of sewage wastewater. It was found that, Lemna minor, Salvinia minima, Ipomoea aquatica and Centella asiatica were able to reduce TSS by 50.8%, 77.6%, 85.6% and 67.6%, respectively; NH3-N by 80.4%, 89.9, 97.3% and 79.1%, respectively; and COD by 75%, 82%, 44.8% and 36.46%, respectively. In this study, it was found that sewage wastewater treatment using Ipomoea aquatica was more efficient in reducing NH3-N and Salvinia minima was more efficient in reducing TSS and COD values. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environmental Pollution: From Phytoremediation to Phytomonitoring)
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