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Applied Sciences
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Mathematical Model and Computation in Geotechnical Engineering
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Mathematical Model and Computation in Geotechnical Engineering

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Mechanical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 September 2021) | Viewed by 8861

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Chongchong Qi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
Interests: solid waste minimisation; cemented paste backfill; pollution reduction; recycling; first-principles calculations; molecular dynamics; artificial intelligence
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Wengang Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
Interests: big data and machine learning for geoscience and geoengineering; geotechnical reliability analysis and risk assessment; transparent soil model testing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is widely known that within geotechnical engineering exists various uncertainties, resulting in many troubles when studying the reliability or risk assessment of geotechnical structures. Modelling the behavior of such uncertainties is complex and sometimes beyond the capability of traditional methods. In recent years, the applications of state-of-the-art methods, such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), big data and other advanced mathematical models, in a wide range of geotechnical engineering, have increased rapidly. For example, AI can be very useful in solving problems where deterministic solutions are not available or are excessively expensive in terms of computational cost, but for which there are significant observations and data available. This Special Issue contains original and hitherto unpublished works on the applications of AI, ML, big data, reliability algorithms and probabilistic risk analysis (PRA) in geotechnical engineering. We invite you to send original articles on topics, including, but not limited to:

New and improved reliability algorithm and design;

Geotechnical data optimization and mining;

Applications of AI or ML in geotechnical engineering;

Geotechnical risk assessment and management;

Geotechnical probabilistic problems;

Novel experiment and numerical simulation in geotechnical engineering

Prof. Dr. Chongchong Qi
Prof. Dr. Zhang Wengang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • new and improved reliability algorithm and design
  • geotechnical data optimization and mining
  • applications of AI or ML in geotechnical engineering
  • geotechnical risk assessment and management
  • geotechnical probabilistic problems
  • novel experiment and numerical simulation in geotechnical engineering

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 10112 KiB  
Article
Numerical Modeling of 3D Slopes with Weak Zones by Random Field and Finite Elements
by Yu-Xiang Xia, Po Cheng, Man-Man Liu and Jun Hu
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(21), 9852; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11219852 - 21 Oct 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1762
Abstract
This work investigates an analysis method for the stability of a three-dimensional (3D) slope with weak zones considering spatial variability on the basis of two-phase random media and the finite element method. By controlling the volume fractions of rock and weak zones, two-phase [...] Read more.
This work investigates an analysis method for the stability of a three-dimensional (3D) slope with weak zones considering spatial variability on the basis of two-phase random media and the finite element method. By controlling the volume fractions of rock and weak zones, two-phase random media are incorporated into the 3D slope model to simulate the random distribution of rock and weak zones. Then, a rotation of a Gaussian random field is performed to account for the inclination of the weak zones. The validity of the proposed model for use in the analysis of the stability of 3D slopes with weak zones was verified by comparing it to existing results and analytical solutions. The failure mechanism of the slope is considered by examining the plastic failure zone at incipient slope failure. The safety factor is sensitive to the inclination of the weak zones, but it is predictable. Parametric studies on the inclination of the layer of weak zones demonstrate that when the rotation angle of the weak zones is approximately parallel to the slope inclination, the slope is prone to slippage along the weak zones, resulting in a significant reduction in the safety factor. The findings of this research can serve as the foundation for further research on the stability of slopes with weak zones. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mathematical Model and Computation in Geotechnical Engineering)
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25 pages, 5522 KiB  
Article
Experimental and Numerical Study of the Dynamic Response of XCC Pile–Raft Foundation under High-Speed Train Loads
by Qiang Fu and Jie Yuan
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(19), 9260; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11199260 - 06 Oct 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1818
Abstract
A series of dynamic large-scale model tests and three-dimensional finite element analyses were conducted to investigate the dynamic response of track embankment and XCC pile-raft composite foundation in soft soil for a ballastless high-speed railway under moving train loads. The results indicate that [...] Read more.
A series of dynamic large-scale model tests and three-dimensional finite element analyses were conducted to investigate the dynamic response of track embankment and XCC pile-raft composite foundation in soft soil for a ballastless high-speed railway under moving train loads. The results indicate that the vibration velocity obtained from the FE numerical simulation agrees well with that from the model test in vibration waveform, amplitude, and frequency characteristics. The peak values corresponding to the passing frequency of train carriage geometry (lc = 25 m), bogie (lab = 7.5 m), and axle distance (lwb = 2.5 m) respectively reflect the characteristic frequencies of the train compartment, adjacent bogie, and wheel load passing through. The peak velocity significantly depends on the distance from the track center in the horizontal direction, of which the attenuation follows the exponential curve distribution. The vibration velocities decrease rapidly within embankment, show a vibration enhancement region from raft to the 1 m depth of foundation soil, then decreases gradually along the subsoil foundation, to a very low level at the bottom of the subsoil, which is much lower than that at the track slab and roadbed. The pile-raft composite foundation can reduce the vibration level effectively and improve the safety of trains running in soft soil areas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mathematical Model and Computation in Geotechnical Engineering)
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16 pages, 7437 KiB  
Article
Non-Contact Experiment Investigation of the Interaction between the Soil and Underground Granary Subjected to Water Buoyancy
by Zhijun Xu and Hanhua Yu
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(19), 8988; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11198988 - 27 Sep 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1330
Abstract
The buoyancy of underwater can cause the underground granary to overall float, or even overturn, and the interaction between the soil and underground granary is the key to its stability. This paper introduces a non-contact experiment system utilizing the digital image correlation (DIC) [...] Read more.
The buoyancy of underwater can cause the underground granary to overall float, or even overturn, and the interaction between the soil and underground granary is the key to its stability. This paper introduces a non-contact experiment system utilizing the digital image correlation (DIC) technology and particle image velocity (PIV) technology, and its measurement accuracy is analyzed. Then, this system is employed to study the granary displacement and the soil deformation around the granary subjected to the buoyancy of water. Results show that with the increase of the degree of compaction of the soil around the granary, the floating water level increases by 10.77% and the vertical displacement decreases by 17%. When the soils around the granary are loose sands, the soil deformation range shows an obvious inverted triangle. When the soils are medium dense sands, the soil deformation zone concentrates at the junction of the conical granary bottom and granary wall. When the soils are dense sands, the disturbed range of the soil obviously reduces, and the soil deformation concentrates on both sides of the granary wall and is distributed symmetrically. Finally, taking the medium dense sands around the granary as an example, the reasons for the unstable failure of the granary subjected to buoyancy are discussed, assisted by the soil pressure theory of retaining wall. With the granary increasingly inclining, the soil deviating from the inclined direction of the granary loses its support, which drives the soils to reach the active limit state. The soil in the inclined direction of the granary is squeezed, resulting in passive soil pressure on the granary wall. The soil deformation increases continuously to a passive limit equilibrium state, and the soil continuously develops a sliding surface, resulting in the unstable failure of the granary. This research is expected to provide the technical guidance for the design and popularization of underground granaries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mathematical Model and Computation in Geotechnical Engineering)
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11 pages, 1053 KiB  
Article
Reliability-Based Design of Driven Piles Considering Setup Effects
by Xiaoya Bian, Jiawei Chen, Xuyong Chen and Zhijun Xu
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(18), 8609; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11188609 - 16 Sep 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1371
Abstract
The total ultimate resistance (or bearing capacity) of driven piles considering setup effects is composed of initial ultimate resistance and setup resistance, and the setup effects of driven piles are mainly reflected by the setup resistance. In literature, a logarithmic empirical formula is [...] Read more.
The total ultimate resistance (or bearing capacity) of driven piles considering setup effects is composed of initial ultimate resistance and setup resistance, and the setup effects of driven piles are mainly reflected by the setup resistance. In literature, a logarithmic empirical formula is generally used to quantify the setup effects of driven piles. This paper proposes an increase factor (Msetup) to modify the resistance factor and factor of safety calculation formula in accordance with the load and resistance factor design (LFRD) principle; here, the increase factor is defined as the ratio of the setup resistance (Rsetup) to the initial ultimate resistance (R0) of driven piles. Meanwhile, the correlation between R0 and Rsetup is fully considered in the resistance factor and factor of safety calculation. Finally, the influence of four key parameters (ratio of dead load to live load ρ = QD/QL, target reliability index βT, Msetup, correlation coefficient between R0 and Rsetup, ρR0,Rsetup) on the resistance factor and factor of safety are analyzed. Parametric research shows that ρ has basically no effect on the resistance factor, which can be taken as a constant in further research, and ρ has a significant influence on the factor of safety. The value of Msetup has almost no effect on the resistance factor and factor of safety. However, βT and ρR0,Rsetup have a significant influence on the resistance factor and factor of safety, so the value selection of βT and ρR0,Rsetup are crucial for reliability-based design of driven piles. Through this study, it is concluded that considering setup effects in reliability-based design of driven piles will greatly improve the prediction for design capacity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mathematical Model and Computation in Geotechnical Engineering)
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18 pages, 14099 KiB  
Article
Comparison of Dynamic Characteristics between Small and Super-Large Diameter Cross-River Twin Tunnels under Train Vibration
by Lin Wu, Xiedong Zhang, Wei Wang, Xiancong Meng and Hong Guo
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(16), 7577; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11167577 - 18 Aug 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1400
Abstract
Train vibration from closely aligned adjacent tunnels could cause safety concerns, especially given the soaring size of the tunnel diameter. This paper established a two-dimensional discrete element model (DEM) of small (d = 6.2 m) and super-large (D = 15.2 m) [...] Read more.
Train vibration from closely aligned adjacent tunnels could cause safety concerns, especially given the soaring size of the tunnel diameter. This paper established a two-dimensional discrete element model (DEM) of small (d = 6.2 m) and super-large (D = 15.2 m) diameter cross-river twin tunnels and discussed the dynamic characteristics of adjacent tunnels during the vibration of a train that runs through the tunnel at a speed of 120 km/h. Results in the D tunnel showed that the horizontal walls have the same horizontal displacement (DH) and the vertical walls have the same vertical displacement (DV). The stress state of the surroundings of the D tunnel is the decisive factor for DH, and the distance from the vibration point to the measurement point is the decisive factor for DV. Results in the comparison of the d and D tunnels showed that the D tunnel is more stable than the d tunnel with respect to two aspects: the time the tunnel reaches the equilibrium state and the vibration amplitude of the structure’s dynamic and static responses. The dynamic characteristic of the d and D tunnel is significantly different. This research is expected to guide the design and construction of large diameter twin tunnels. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mathematical Model and Computation in Geotechnical Engineering)
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