Redox Regulation during Mucosal Host-Microbe Interactions

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 January 2022) | Viewed by 3980

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Institute for Lung Research, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
2. Department of Medical Microbiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Interests: extracellular vesicles; inhalation toxicology; thiol biology; respiratory disease; infectious disease

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Guest Editor
Interim Professor of Translational Pharmacology and Medicine, Department of Nursing Science, University of Applied Sciences, Bochum, Germany
Interests: extracellular vesicles, acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, redox biology, (dietary) antioxidants

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Guest Editor
Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
Interests: infectious diseases; innate immunity; respiratory disease; microbiota research

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The redox status exerts important regulatory functions during host-microbe interactions at mucosal surfaces. Chronic mucosal inflammation (e.g. in inflammatory bowel disease or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) is associated with a pro-oxidant state, as well as microbiome dysbiosis. Furthermore, bacterial, viral and other infections dysregulate the host redox balance by interfering with cellular metabolism. Finally, host cells and pathogens actively influence the redox status during infection as a combat strategy. Host phagocytes produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to fight infections, while numerous pathogens use ROS as virulence factors or employ antioxidant strategies to defend themselves against oxidative attacks by the host or other, competing microbes. The administration of antioxidants may have therapeutic potential by preventing tissue damage, promoting pathogen clearance or restoring microbiome composition. In this Special Issue, we aim to compile the most recent data from fundamental and clinical research on the role of an altered redox balance during mucosal host-microbe interactions in homeostasis, chronic inflammation and infection. This special issue welcomes full length manuscripts and short communications, including original research, review articles and concept papers.

We are looking forward to your contributions.

Dr. Birke J. Benedikter
Dr. Antje R. Weseler
Dr. Carla Bellinghausen
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • oxidative stress
  • redox balance
  • microorganisms
  • infection
  • mucosa
  • immunity
  • antioxidants
  • oxidative burst
  • phagocytosis

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

22 pages, 5595 KiB  
Article
Blue Light Alters the Composition of the Jejunal Microbiota and Promotes the Development of the Small Intestine by Reducing Oxidative Stress
by Yijia Zhang, Zixu Wang, Yulan Dong, Jing Cao and Yaoxing Chen
Antioxidants 2022, 11(2), 274; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11020274 - 29 Jan 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3266
Abstract
Environmental light has an important impact on the growth, development and oxidative stress of chicks. Thus, we investigated the effects of colored lights on microbes and explored the molecular mechanism by which external color light information alters the gut microbiota and induces the [...] Read more.
Environmental light has an important impact on the growth, development and oxidative stress of chicks. Thus, we investigated the effects of colored lights on microbes and explored the molecular mechanism by which external color light information alters the gut microbiota and induces the cell response in vivo. We raised 96 chicks under 400–700 nm white (WL), 660 nm red (RL), 560 nm green (GL) or 480 nm blue light (BL) for 42 days. We used 16S rRNA high-throughput pyrosequencing and gas chromatography to explore the effect of different monochromatic lights on the jejunal microbiota. We used qRT-PCR, western blotting, immunohistochemistry and Elisa to determine the effect of different monochromatic lights on small intestine development and oxidative stress levels. With consistency in the upregulation of antioxidant enzyme ability and anti-inflammatory cytokine level, the 16S rRNA and gas chromatography results showed that BL significantly increased the diversity and richness of the jejunal microbiota and improved the relative abundances of Faecalibacterium, Ruminiclostridium_9 and metabolite butyrate content compared with WL, RL and GL (p < 0.05). In addition, we observed that BL increased the goblet cell numbers, PCNA cell numbers, villus-length-to-crypt-depth (V/C) ratios, ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin-1 protein expression; decreased permeability; and enhanced the digestion and absorption capacity in the jejunum (p < 0.05). In the in vitro experiment, we found that butyrate promoted chick small intestinal epithelial cell (CIEC) proliferation and inhibited apoptosis (p < 0.05). These responses were abrogated by the Gi inhibitor, PI3K inhibitor or AKT inhibitor, but were mimicked by GPR43 agonists or the GSK-3β inhibitor (p < 0.05). Overall, these findings suggested that BL increased the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium, Ruminiclostridium_9 and butyrate production. Butyrate may act as one of the signals to mediate blue-light-induced small intestinal development and mucosal barrier integrity enhancement and promote cell proliferation via the GPR43/Gi/PI3K/AKT/p-GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Redox Regulation during Mucosal Host-Microbe Interactions)
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