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Diagnostic Research, Epidemiology and New Therapeutic Options in Companion and...
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Diagnostic Research, Epidemiology and New Therapeutic Options in Companion and Wild Animals

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2024 | Viewed by 6357

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Felisbina Luisa Queiroga

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), University of Trás-Os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
Interests: clinical oncology; clinical trials; comparative oncology; veterinary oncology; biomarkers; therapeutic targets; breast cancer; serum cancer markers; anticancer therapies; clinical pathology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The average life expectancy of companion animal species has been increasing over the last few decades as a result of the improvement of diagnostic techniques and the increasing availability of new treatment approaches. Wild species have been the focus of special attention in a conservation effort, which has contributed to the maintenance and increase of many endangered species. On the other hand, the fact that they can be carriers of pathogenic agents with zoonotic potential has also increased the interest of researchers.

In companion animals, regarding the diagnosis, we have been witnessing not only a refinement of conventional techniques, but also the development of less invasive procedures, allowing for a safe, effective and quick diagnosis associated with low morbidity. Some examples are endoscope-assisted procedures, stereotactic biopsies and fluoroscopy techniques. In addition, the evaluation of the expression of new biomarkers and the improvement of molecular techniques have allowed obtaining new evidence about neoplastic and infectious diseases, respectively. New therapeutic options have also been investigated resulting in a large number of descriptions in recent peer-reviewed literature. Currently, approaches with fewer adverse effects, easier administration and that allow longer disease-free times and longer survival are sought. Immunotherapy and gene and hormone therapies have gained increasing attention in veterinary medicine, for example.

In line with diagnostic and therapeutic research in companion animal species, the epidemiological study of diseases has been encouraged both in companion animals and in wild species, whether they are globally distributed or endemic in certain geographic regions. The results of these studies allow knowing the affected animal populations, detecting risk factors, understanding potential transmission routes and identifying the prevalence and incidence of the disease. Furthermore, as animals share the same environment as humans, epidemiological data, especially on zoonoses, are crucial from a health perspective.

Therefore, the aim of this Special Issue is to present relevant scientific information in the form of original articles or reviews about the epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of animal diseases. Topics could include, for example, seroprevalence studies, performance analysis of diagnostic techniques, description of novel minimally invasive procedures and treatment outcome research. Articles either on companion animals or on wild animals are welcome.

Dr. Felisbina Luisa Queiroga
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • animal diseases
  • companion animals
  • diagnosis
  • diagnostic techniques
  • epidemiology
  • one health
  • pathology
  • therapeutic procedures
  • treatment
  • wild animals

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 8251 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Medical-Grade Honey and Hypericum Perforatum Ointment on Second-Intention Healing of Full-Thickness Skin Wounds in Cats
by Kyriakos Chatzimisios, Vassiliki Tsioli, Georgia D. Brellou, Emmanouela P. Apostolopoulou, Vasileia Angelou, Emmanouil D. Pratsinakis, Niels A. J. Cremers and Lysimachos G. Papazoglou
Animals 2024, 14(1), 36; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14010036 - 21 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1104
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effects of two topical treatments on second-intention wound healing in cats. Eight 2 × 2 cm full-thickness wounds were created, four on each side of the dorsal midline of eight laboratory cats, to receive either medical-grade honey [...] Read more.
This study aimed to determine the effects of two topical treatments on second-intention wound healing in cats. Eight 2 × 2 cm full-thickness wounds were created, four on each side of the dorsal midline of eight laboratory cats, to receive either medical-grade honey ointment (MGH) and its control (HC), or Hypericum-based ointment (HP) and its control (HPC). MGH or HP ointment was applied to four wounds on the same side, while the remaining four were used as controls, chosen at random. Planimetry, laser Doppler flowmetry, daily physical examinations, and histologic examinations on days 0, 7, 14, and 25 were used to assess the healing of wounds. Tissue perfusion was better in the MGH-treated (2.14 ± 0.18 mm/s) and HP-treated wounds (2.02 ± 0.13 mm/s) than in the untreated controls HC (1.59 ± 0.11 mm/s) and HPC (1.60 ± 0.05 mm/s), respectively (p = 0.001). Histopathology revealed that the median edema score was lower in the MGH-treated (2; range 1–4) compared to the HC-treated wounds (3; range 2–4) on day 7 (p < 0.05). The median angiogenesis score was higher on day 7 in the MGH-treated (2; range 1–3) compared to the HP-treated wounds (2; range 1–2) (p = 0.046). The fibroblast concentration was increased in the MGH-treated wounds (3.5; range 3–4) compared to the HP-treated wounds (3; range 2–4) on day 25 (p = 0.046). MGH and HP increased tissue perfusion compared to the untreated controls. The MGH-treated wounds had histologic parameters superior to the HP-treated wounds regarding angiogenesis and fibroblast concentration in cutaneous wound healing in cats. Topical application of MGH and HP did not accelerate the healing process of feline cutaneous wounds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnostic Research, Epidemiology and New Therapeutic Options in Companion and Wild Animals)
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17 pages, 3663 KiB  
Article
Canine Gallbladder Erosion/Ulcer and Hemocholecyst: Clinicopathological Characteristics of 14 Cases
by Ikki Mitsui and Kazuyuki Uchida
Animals 2023, 13(21), 3335; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13213335 - 26 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1535
Abstract
(1) Background: Gallbladder mucosal erosion and/or ulceration are illnesses associated with unexpected gallbladder intra-cystic bleeding (hemocholecyst), an under-reported problem in dogs. (2) Methods: Clinicopathological characteristics of 14 dogs with gallbladder erosion/ulcer were investigated in this single-center retrospective study using clinical data and archived [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Gallbladder mucosal erosion and/or ulceration are illnesses associated with unexpected gallbladder intra-cystic bleeding (hemocholecyst), an under-reported problem in dogs. (2) Methods: Clinicopathological characteristics of 14 dogs with gallbladder erosion/ulcer were investigated in this single-center retrospective study using clinical data and archived gallbladder tissues of client-owned dogs. (3) Results: Canine gallbladder erosion/ulcer tends to occur in older, neutered dogs of various breeds. Vomiting, lethargy, and anorexia are common. Concurrent gallbladder rupture occurred in 5/14 cases (35.7%), while rupture was absent in 6/14 cases (42.8%) and undetermined in 3/14 (21.4%) cases. Histologically, the gallbladder wall was markedly thickened due to mucosal hyperplasia, inflammatory infiltrates, fibrosis, edema, hemorrhage, and smooth muscle hyperplasia/hypertrophy. Twelve out of fourteen cases (85.7%) had concurrent cholecystitis of varying severity. Bacteria were detected by Giemsa or Warthin–Starry stain in 8/14 (57.1%) cases. Bacterial rods immunoreactive to the anti-Helicobacter antibody were present in one case. Mucosal epithelial cells of the gallbladder erosion/ulcer cohort were immunopositive for the cyclooxygenases COX-1 or COX-2 in only 5/14 (35.7%) cases. In contrast, COX-1 and COX-2 were more frequently expressed in a reference pool of cases of gallbladder mucocele (n = 5) and chronic cholecystitis (n = 5). COX-1 was expressed in 9/10 cases (90.0%) of gallbladder mucocele and chronic cholecystitis and in 10/10 cases (100%) for COX-2. (4) Conclusions: Canine gallbladder erosion/ulcer is an under-reported condition which requires active clinical intervention. Based on the clinicopathological information reported in this study in addition to the COX-1 and COX-2 IHC results, we suggest that canine gallbladder erosion/ulcer may be related to decreased cytoprotection physiologically provided by arachidonic acid, but which is decreased or absent due to reduced COX expression because of yet undetermined etiologies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnostic Research, Epidemiology and New Therapeutic Options in Companion and Wild Animals)
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14 pages, 1148 KiB  
Article
Non-Invasive Wildlife Disease Surveillance Using Real Time PCR Assays: The Case of the Endangered Galemys pyrenaicus Populations from the Central System Mountains (Extremadura, Spain)
by Adriana Ripa, José A. Díaz-Caballero, María Jesús Palacios-González, Javier Zalba, Antonio Espinosa, Juan Luis García-Zapata, Ana Gómez-Martín, Vasyl Tkach and José Luis Fernández-Garcia
Animals 2023, 13(7), 1136; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13071136 - 23 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1465
Abstract
The Iberian desman (Galemys pyrenaicus) is a small semi-aquatic mammal that inhabits mountainous areas from the centre to the north of the Iberian Peninsula and the Pyrenees and is listed as endangered because it has suffered a serious decline. Since 1960, only [...] Read more.
The Iberian desman (Galemys pyrenaicus) is a small semi-aquatic mammal that inhabits mountainous areas from the centre to the north of the Iberian Peninsula and the Pyrenees and is listed as endangered because it has suffered a serious decline. Since 1960, only three species of digeneans (Omphalometra flexuosa, Maritrema pyrenaica and Mathovius galemydis) and two nematodes (Aonchotheca galemydis and Paracuaria hispanica) have been reported from the desman, but no further information on health status and no data from Extremadura has been available. The aim of our study was to characterise the diversity and distribution of parasites and microbiomes of desmans in different areas of the Central System of Extremadura. Between 2019 and 2021 we collected 238 fecal samples and one tissue (intestine) sample that was obtained from a dead desman. DNA templates were processed by commercial or customised real-time PCR using TaqMan probes. Representative data were obtained for Cryptosporidium spp., Omphalometra spp., Eimeria spp., Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Leptospira spp. Omphalometra spp. was studied using a newly developed PCR test. The screening of the dead desman allowed us to obtain, for the first time, a partial sequence of the 18SrDNA. This study is the most complete study of the desman, allowing us to identify parasites and the microbiome in populations of G. pyrenaicus using non-invasive sampling. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnostic Research, Epidemiology and New Therapeutic Options in Companion and Wild Animals)
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16 pages, 5310 KiB  
Review
Use of New Ultrasonography Methods for Detecting Neoplasms in Dogs and Cats: A Review
by Anna Carolina Mazeto Ercolin, Alex Silveira Uchôa, Luiz Paulo Nogueira Aires, Diego Rodrigues Gomes, Stefany Tagliatela Tinto, Giovanna Serpa Maciel Feliciano and Marcus Antônio Rossi Feliciano
Animals 2024, 14(2), 312; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14020312 - 19 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1392
Abstract
The aim of this literature review was to present the novel imaging modalities elastography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. We provided an overview of the concepts and applications of each technique for the investigation of neoplastic and metastatic tumors in dogs and cats. Studies on [...] Read more.
The aim of this literature review was to present the novel imaging modalities elastography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. We provided an overview of the concepts and applications of each technique for the investigation of neoplastic and metastatic tumors in dogs and cats. Studies on elastography are based on the elasticity and deformation of the evaluated tissue. The information obtained from the different types of elastography can aid in the detection and differentiation of malignant and benign structures. Descriptions of elastography studies in several organs and tissue in veterinary medicine reported that, in general, malignant tumors tend to be more rigid and, therefore, less deformable than benign lesions or in comparison to the healthy parenchyma. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography is based on the intravenous injection of contrast media constituted by microbubbles. This imaging modality can be performed in nonsedated animals and provides information on the tissue perfusion, allowing the investigation of macro- and micro-circulation. Studies on different organs and tissues were performed in dogs and cats and revealed a tendency of malignant tumors to present faster transit of the contrast media (time to wash-in, peak and wash-out). These advanced techniques can be associated with other imaging modalities, aiding important information to the well-established exams of B-mode and Doppler ultrasonography. They can be used as screening tests, potentially representing an alternative to the invasive sampling methods required for cytological and histopathological analysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnostic Research, Epidemiology and New Therapeutic Options in Companion and Wild Animals)
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