The Impact of Environmental Factors on the Quality of Horticultural Commodities

A special issue of Agriculture (ISSN 2077-0472). This special issue belongs to the section "Agricultural Product Quality and Safety".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 576

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Ornamental Plants, Dendrology and Pomology, Poznan University of Life Science, Ul. Dąbrowskiego 159, 60-594 Poznań, Poland
Interests: fruit production; fruit storage; engineering horticulture; bioactive compounds; processing; polyphenols; postharvest quality; edible flowers; anthocyanins; frost resistance; harvest date prediction; active temperatures; fruit quality; color development; orchard replantation; fertilization
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Horticultural production is placing an increasing emphasis on sustainable development and the biological balance of ecosystems. Without losing sight of this overarching goal, actions are taken to ensure that crops are characterized by parameters that define high quality. Therefore, new environmentally friendly production systems are being developed, in which the growing methods and techniques are strongly based on environmental conditions. This involves breeding new cultivars with improved resistance to adverse factors, using crop rotation to limit exposure to pathogens in soil, organic mulching, stimulating biological processes in the rhizosphere, and applying biological preparations for plant protection and nutrition to improve product quality.

Just like other food products, horticultural products offered to consumers should be of good quality and, above all, safe to eat. Each step from the field to the table must be subject to procedures that ensure that relevant quality requirements are met. Fruit, vegetables, edible flowers and other horticultural commodities must fulfil the highest quality standards, which, according to the literature, fall into three areas: sensory quality, health-promoting properties and their availability, and the increasingly important symbolic quality.

Consumer choices are dictated by the appearance, taste, nutritional attributes, safety and often environmental considerations regarding production.

Aside from the growing method, pruning, pollination, protection and fertilization, product quality is affected by environmental conditions, the most notable of which include all macro- and microclimatic elements and soil environment. Among these conditions is air temperature, which affects physiological processes by slowing them down when above 35 °C and causes physiological disorders or damage to plants when below 0 °C. Similarly important are precipitation, sun radiation and wind conditions. These factors play a significant role in shaping the quality of fruit intended for fresh consumption, processing or therapeutic purposes as a source of bioactive compounds during the growth period.

Prof. Dr. Grzegorz Lysiak
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • biotic and abiotic stress
  • climate change
  • total soluble solids
  • internal quality
  • nutrition
  • bioactive compounds
  • production systems
  • fruit and vegetable production systems

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 281 KiB  
Article
Do Living Mulches or Environmental Conditions Have a Greater Impact on the External Quality of the Apple Fruit ‘Chopin’ Cultivar?
by Maria Licznar-Malanczuk and Urszula Barbara Baluszynska
Agriculture 2024, 14(4), 610; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14040610 - 12 Apr 2024
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Abstract
Research was carried out to assess the yield and quality of fruits from the new Polish apple tree ‘Chopin’—a ‘green peel’, scab-resistant cultivar under grass living mulch management. Blue fescue and red fescue were tested in experiment no. 1. In experiment no. 2, [...] Read more.
Research was carried out to assess the yield and quality of fruits from the new Polish apple tree ‘Chopin’—a ‘green peel’, scab-resistant cultivar under grass living mulch management. Blue fescue and red fescue were tested in experiment no. 1. In experiment no. 2, meadow grass and perennial ryegrass were used. Every species of grass was sown in two doses of 50 and 150 kg per ha. Herbicide fallow was introduced as a control in both experiments. Strongly variable temperatures and precipitations in the years of evaluation made it possible to estimate year—a function of variable environmental conditions—as an additional experimental factor. An unexpected effect of the presence of living mulch was its significant impact on the appearance of blush on the ‘green peel’ fruit. However, living mulches had little effect on weight and fruit size. Cool days during apple ripening enhanced the process of fruit skin red coloration. The effect of both agrotechnical and environmental factors on fruit quality was more visible in the case of less vigorous trees, which were more susceptible to experimental, stressful conditions. However, increasing the sowing dose of each grass seed did not influence red blushing, weight, or fruit size. An additional difficulty for the trees was the competition caused by the early germination of these living grass mulches, reinforced by the presence of Trifolium repens L. Full article
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