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Agriculture
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Effects of Salt Stress on Crop Production
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Effects of Salt Stress on Crop Production

A special issue of Agriculture (ISSN 2077-0472). This special issue belongs to the section "Crop Production".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2024 | Viewed by 3373

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Guisheng Zhou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Joint International Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
2. College for Overseas Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Interests: salt stress; morphology; physiology; mechanism; molecular biology; cereal and cash crops; energy crops; carbon fixation and neutralization

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Soil salinization is one of the major abiotic stresses limiting crop production worldwide. Under salt stress, crop plants cannot develop a reasonable root system to effectively absorb water and nutrients from the soils, causing damage to cells, organs, and tissues as well as slow metabolism and growth inhibition, leading to reduced crop yields and quality. Under severe salt-stress conditions, crop plants cannot achieve good establishment and reasonable productivity. A deeper and more comprehensive understanding of how crops respond to salt stress and the underlying salt tolerance mechanisms is of crucial importance to breed salt-tolerant crop varieties and develop salt-tolerant production practices. This Special Issue focuses on the breeding strategies and techniques of salt-tolerant varieties, the management of salt-tolerant production practices and their effects and mechanisms on the morphology, physiology, and yield performance of crops under salt-stress conditions. For this Special Issue, original research manuscripts, short communications, and reviews are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Guisheng Zhou
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agriculture is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • salt stress
  • breeding of salt-tolerant varieties
  • morphology and physiology
  • plant hormones
  • nutrients absorption and utilization
  • foreign amendment
  • growth and development
  • yield
  • quality

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 2089 KiB  
Article
The Effects of Planting Density and Nitrogen Application on the Growth Quality of Alfalfa Forage in Saline Soils
by Jiao Liu, Faguang Lu, Yiming Zhu, Hao Wu, Irshad Ahmad, Guichun Dong, Guisheng Zhou and Yanqing Wu
Agriculture 2024, 14(2), 302; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14020302 - 13 Feb 2024
Viewed by 699
Abstract
Soil salinization has become one of the major abiotic stresses limiting agricultural production globally. The full utilization of coastal saline-alkali land is of great significance for agricultural development. Among them, fertilizer management and planting density are crucial for promoting crop growth and productivity [...] Read more.
Soil salinization has become one of the major abiotic stresses limiting agricultural production globally. The full utilization of coastal saline-alkali land is of great significance for agricultural development. Among them, fertilizer management and planting density are crucial for promoting crop growth and productivity in saline soils. Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different nitrogen application rates and planting densities on the growth, yield, and quality of alfalfa. Using alfalfa variety WL919 as the experimental material, three seeding rates of 15.0 kg·ha−1 (D1), 30.0 kg·ha−1 (D2), and 45.0 kg·ha−1 (D3) as well as three nitrogen application rates of 150.0 kg·ha−1 (N1), 225.0 kg·ha−1 (N2), and 300.0 kg·ha−1 (N3) were set. The results showed that under the same density, different nitrogen application rates had a positive impact on the agronomic traits and yield of alfalfa on saline-alkali land. Physiological and biochemical properties (chlorophyll and sucrose) increased with increasing nitrogen application, and (starch) increased initially and then decreased with increasing nitrogen application. Forage quality attributes (crude protein and crude ash) had a significant impact, while crude fat had no significant effect. Under the same nitrogen application, the yield of alfalfa increased with increasing density but then decreased after reaching a peak, while other traits initially increased and then decreased. In conclusion, the nitrogen fertilizer was superior in promoting alfalfa growth, biomass yield, and forage yield, while planting density was more suitable at D2. Although both D2N2 and D2N3 treatments were superior to others, considering economic benefits and environmental factors, it is recommended to use D2N2 as the appropriate treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Salt Stress on Crop Production)
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15 pages, 4758 KiB  
Article
Rational Utilization of Sediment Resources Improves Rice Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency under Salt Stress
by Shenghai Cheng, Aibin He, Xiayu Guo, Rongyi Li, Jianbo Wang, Yucheng Qi, Pengfei Zhang, Weixu Tao, Junchao Ji, Tingcheng Zhao, Yusheng Li and Zhiyong Ai
Agriculture 2024, 14(2), 283; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14020283 - 09 Feb 2024
Viewed by 675
Abstract
Soil salinization negatively affects rice growth and yield; however, how different sludge sources regulate rice growth and yield under salt stress was rarely investigated. This study evaluated the performance of two salt-tolerant rice cultivars, Chaoyou 1000 and Longliangyou 506, grown in two sediment [...] Read more.
Soil salinization negatively affects rice growth and yield; however, how different sludge sources regulate rice growth and yield under salt stress was rarely investigated. This study evaluated the performance of two salt-tolerant rice cultivars, Chaoyou 1000 and Longliangyou 506, grown in two sediment sources, pond sediment (PS) and river sludge (RS), under salt stress (56 ds m−1 brine irrigation) with conventional soil (CS) used as the control. The results showed that the rice yield under the PS and RS treatments was enhanced by 51.0% and 43.6% as compared with CS, respectively, owing to an improvement in spikelet per panicle, 1000-grain weight, dry matter accumulation, and the chlorophyll content in both rice cultivars. Compared with CS, the total nitrogen accumulation, nitrogen grain production efficiency, nitrogen harvest index, and nitrogen partial productivity under the PS and RS treatments were increased by 18.9–28.9%, 17.0–20.6%, 7.2–16.6%, and 43.8–50.9%, respectively. Moreover, rice grown in PS and RS showed higher activities of nitrogen metabolism-related enzymes (nitrate reductase, glutamine synthetase, and glutamate synthetase) at the heading stage and higher K+ and K+/Na+ contents in the leaves. Overall, a balanced utilization of sediment resources (especially pond sediment) can effectively alleviate salt stress and improve the yield and nitrogen use efficiency in rice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Salt Stress on Crop Production)
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13 pages, 1315 KiB  
Article
Response of Rice Yield and Grain Quality to Combined Nitrogen Application Rate and Planting Density in Saline Area
by Yinglong Chen, Yang Liu, Shiqi Dong, Juge Liu, Yang Wang, Shahid Hussain, Huanhe Wei, Zhongyang Huo, Ke Xu and Qigen Dai
Agriculture 2022, 12(11), 1788; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12111788 - 28 Oct 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1314
Abstract
To determine the combining effects of nitrogen application rate and planting density on rice yield and grain quality formation under salinity conditions, a field experiment was conducted in the coastal saline area using Oryza sativa L. cv. Nangeng 9108 from 2019 to 2020. [...] Read more.
To determine the combining effects of nitrogen application rate and planting density on rice yield and grain quality formation under salinity conditions, a field experiment was conducted in the coastal saline area using Oryza sativa L. cv. Nangeng 9108 from 2019 to 2020. The experiment was designed with six nitrogen rates (0, 210, 255, 300, 345, and 390 kg ha−1; denoted as N0-N390, respectively) and two transplanting densities (334,000 and 278,000 hills ha−1; denoted as D1 and D2, respectively). The results indicated that, with the increase of nitrogen input rate, the panicles number and spikelets per panicle increased first, subsequently decreased, and peaked under 300 kg ha−1 N, whereas the filled-kernel rate and grain weight displayed a decreasing trend. The panicle number and grain weight were higher under D1 treatment compared to those under D2 treatment, while the spikelet number per panicle and the filled-kernel rate displayed an opposite trend. The grain yield displayed highest under N300D1 treatment among all treatments, accompanied by the highest agronomic N use efficiency, and the actual yield reached 8060.4 kg ha−1 and 7869.8 kg ha−1 in 2019 and 2020, respectively. Increased nitrogen application rate significantly improved the grain processing quality and nutritional quality, while reducing the appearance quality and cooking/eating quality. Higher transplant density was conductive to grain nutritional quality, but notably reduced the processing quality, appearance quality and cooking/eating quality. Overall, a combination of 300 kg ha−1 nitrogen rate and 334,000 hills ha−1 planting density was recommended for relatively higher rice yield and better grain quality in the saline area. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Salt Stress on Crop Production)
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