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7.0
7.8
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Vaccines
Special Issues
Immune Mechanisms in Plants 2.0
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Immune Mechanisms in Plants 2.0

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 3858

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Marcello Iriti

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
Interests: essential oils; bioactive phytochemicals; ethnopharmacology; antimicrobial resistance; one health; food security
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Sara Vitalini

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
Interests: crop protection; plant diseases; bioactivity; phytochemistry; ethnopharmacology; natural products
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In their environment, plants have to cope with a plethora of biotic stresses, including pathogens, pests and weeds; in addition, these sessile organisms are not able to escape from an hostile environment. Therefore, plants have evolved a complex defense system consisting of a network of constitutive or inducible physical and chemical barriers. In these terms, plants are able to discriminate between self and nonself as well as to recognize different types of elicitors (exogenous and endogenous non specific or general elicitors, and specific or race-specific elicitors) by pattern recognition receptors or R (resistance) gene products. Noteworthy, triggering the plants’ own defense mechanisms by selected agrochemicals (i.e. elicitors and plant activators) represents an innovative and environmentally-friendly strategy to reduce the burden of conventional agrochemicals in crop protection.

Prof. Dr. Marcello Iriti
Prof. Dr. Sara Vitalini
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Vaccines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • plant innate immunity
  • one health
  • host resistance
  • non-host resistance
  • gene-for-gene interaction
  • systemic acquired resistance (SAR)
  • pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)
  • microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP)
  • herbivore-associate molecular pattern (HAMP)
  • damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP)
  • pathogen recognition receptors (PPP)
  • avirulence (avr) genes
  • resistance (R) genes
  • elicitors
  • plant activators
  • priming
  • phytoalexins
  • pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

27 pages, 12700 KiB  
Article
Modulation of Expression of PVYNTN RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase (NIb) and Heat Shock Cognate Host Protein HSC70 in Susceptible and Hypersensitive Potato Cultivars
by Edmund Kozieł, Przemysław Surowiecki, Agnieszka Przewodowska, Józef J. Bujarski and Katarzyna Otulak-Kozieł
Vaccines 2021, 9(11), 1254; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9111254 - 29 Oct 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2901
Abstract
Potato virus Y (PVY) belongs to the genus Potyvirus and is considered to be one of the most harmful and important plant pathogens. Its RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is known as nuclear inclusion protein b (NIb). The recent findings show that the genome [...] Read more.
Potato virus Y (PVY) belongs to the genus Potyvirus and is considered to be one of the most harmful and important plant pathogens. Its RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is known as nuclear inclusion protein b (NIb). The recent findings show that the genome of PVY replicates in the cytoplasm of the plant cell by binding the virus replication complex to the membranous structures of different organelles. In some potyviruses, NIb has been found to be localized in the nucleus and associated with the endoplasmic reticulum membranes. Moreover, NIb has been shown to interact with other host proteins that are particularly involved in promoting the virus infection cycle, such as the heat shock proteins (HSPs). HSP70 is the most conserved among the five major HSP families that are known to affect the plant–pathogen interactions. Some plant viruses can induce the production of HSP70 during the development of infection. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the interactive response to PVYNTN (necrotic tuber necrosis strain of PVY), the present study focused on StHSC70-8 and PVYNTN-NIb gene expression via localization of HSC70 and NIb proteins during compatible (susceptible) and incompatible (hypersensitive) potato–PVYNTN interactions. Our results demonstrate that NIb and HSC70 are involved in the response to PVYNTN infections and probably cooperate at some stages of the virus infection cycle. Enhanced deposition of HSC70 proteins during the infection cycle was associated with the dynamic induction of PVYNTN-NIb gene expression and NIb localization during susceptible infections. In hypersensitive response (HR), a significant increase in HSC70 expression was observed up to 3 days post-inoculation (dpi) in the nucleus and chloroplasts. Thereafter, between 3 and 21 dpi, the deposition of NIb decreased, which can be attributed to a reduction in the levels of both virus accumulation and PVYNTN-NIb gene expression. Therefore, we postulate that increase in the expression of both StHSC70-8 and PVYNTN-NIb induces the PVY infection during susceptible infections. In contrast, during HRs, HSC70 cooperates with PVYNTN only at the early stages of interaction and mediates the defense response signaling pathway at the later stages of infection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immune Mechanisms in Plants 2.0)
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