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Toxics
Special Issues
New Technology for Monitoring the Biodegradation of Pollutants
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New Technology for Monitoring the Biodegradation of Pollutants

A special issue of Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304). This special issue belongs to the section "Toxicity Reduction and Environmental Remediation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 March 2023) | Viewed by 7144

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Cristina Quintelas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
Interests: adsorption; biodegradation; chemometrics; pollutants removal; advanced analytical techniques
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over time, the world’s environment has become contaminated with different types of pollutants as a result of human activities and the risks associated with their existence. This has inevatably resulted in concomitant consequences for animals, other human beings, and environmental health in general, which are are all factors of particular concern. Varying and different technologies, including biodegradation, have been employed in an attempt to remove these pollutants from the environment. In recent years, several studies were conducted and produced very promising results, proving that biodegradation can be successfully employed to remove these pollutants from the environment and to describe the different methods that can be used to monitor these numerous biodegradation processes.

The current Special Issue will focus on emphasising the timely research studies that address the existing new technologies used to monitor the biodegradation of pollutants. The topics for the Special Issue should include, but are not limited to, the following areas: the different sources of pollutants; their fate and occurrence in the environment; toxicity and risk assessments; different biodegradation methods employed to remove these pollutants from the environment; advances in analytical chemical and bioanalytical techniques for the identification and quantification of pollutants in different environmental matrices, such as water, sediment, soil, air, and biota; and advances in technologies used to assess the processes involved in biodegradation. We invite the authors to submit scientific studies that include original and innovative research papers, reviews, and short communications. 

Dr. Cristina Quintelas
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Toxics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biodegradation
  • monitoring
  • emerging pollutants micropollutants
  • sources of occurrence
  • analytical methods
  • removal methods

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 2761 KiB  
Article
Long-Term Performance of Nitrogen Removal and Microbial Analysis in an Anammox MBBR Reactor with Internal Circulation to Provide Low Concentration DO
by Xuejiao Yin, Jiaxin Wen, Yihang Zhang, Xin Zhang and Jujiao Zhao
Toxics 2022, 10(11), 640; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics10110640 - 25 Oct 2022
Viewed by 1155
Abstract
The anammox process is considered as a revolutionary new denitrification technology. In this study, the anammox process was started in a single-stage moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) and the mechanism of excess removal of ammonia nitrogen was studied. At stage I (day 0–51), [...] Read more.
The anammox process is considered as a revolutionary new denitrification technology. In this study, the anammox process was started in a single-stage moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) and the mechanism of excess removal of ammonia nitrogen was studied. At stage I (day 0–51), anammox bacteria (AnAOB) was enriched by feeding synthetic sewage without adding organic carbon. The removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was maintained at about 54% and the removal rate of total inorganic nitrogen was maintained at about 62%. At stage II (day 52–91), internal circulation was added into the MBBR. After adding internal circulation, the ammonium removal efficiency reached about 96% (at day 56) and the total nitrogen removal efficiency reached about 86%. At day 90, the biofilm sample was drowned out for high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that the relative abundance of AnAOB was 23.23%. The dominant anammox genus was Candidatus Brocadia. The relative abundance of Nitrosomonas (ammonia oxidizing bacteria, AOB) was 0.63%. The excess ammonia nitrogen was removed by AOB and AnAOB through the partial nitrification and anammox (PNA) process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Technology for Monitoring the Biodegradation of Pollutants)
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12 pages, 1486 KiB  
Article
Disinfection through Advance Oxidation Processes: Optimization and Application on Real Wastewater Matrices
by Pablo Blanco-Canella, Gabriela Lama, Mª Angeles Sanromán and Marta Pazos
Toxics 2022, 10(9), 512; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics10090512 - 30 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1742
Abstract
Disinfection is an essential and significant process for water treatment to protect the environment and human beings from pathogenic infections. In this study, disinfection through the generation of hydroxyl (Fenton process (FP)) and sulfate (Fenton-like process (FLP)) radicals was validated and optimized. The [...] Read more.
Disinfection is an essential and significant process for water treatment to protect the environment and human beings from pathogenic infections. In this study, disinfection through the generation of hydroxyl (Fenton process (FP)) and sulfate (Fenton-like process (FLP)) radicals was validated and optimized. The optimization was carried out in synthetic water through an experimental design methodology using the bacteria Escherichia coli as a model microorganism. Different variables were evaluated in both processes: precursor concentration (peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and H2O2), catalyst concentration (Fe+2), and pH in the Fenton process. After that, the optimized conditions (FP: 132.36 mM H2O2, 0.56 mM Fe+2 and 3.26 pH; FLP: 3.82 mM PMS and 0.40 mM Fe+2) were applied to real matrices from wastewater treatment plants. The obtained results suggest that both processes are promising for disinfection due to the high oxidant power of hydroxyl and sulfate radicals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Technology for Monitoring the Biodegradation of Pollutants)
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Review

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33 pages, 3030 KiB  
Review
Medicinal Plant Growth in Heavy Metals Contaminated Soils: Responses to Metal Stress and Induced Risks to Human Health
by Raluca Maria Hlihor, Mihaela Roșca, Laura Hagiu-Zaleschi, Isabela Maria Simion, Gabriel Mihăiță Daraban and Vasile Stoleru
Toxics 2022, 10(9), 499; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics10090499 - 27 Aug 2022
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3837
Abstract
Accelerating heavy metal pollution is a hot issue due to a continuous growth in consumerism and increased activities in various global industries. Soil contamination with heavy metals has resulted in their incorporation into the human food web via plant components. Accumulation and amplification [...] Read more.
Accelerating heavy metal pollution is a hot issue due to a continuous growth in consumerism and increased activities in various global industries. Soil contamination with heavy metals has resulted in their incorporation into the human food web via plant components. Accumulation and amplification of heavy metals in human tissues through the consumption of medicinal plants can have hazardous health outcomes. Therefore, in this critical review we aim to bring together published information on this subject, with a special highlight on the knowledge gaps related to heavy metal stress in medicinal plants, their responses, and human health related risks. In this respect, this review outlines the key contamination sources of heavy metals in plants, as well as the absorption, mobilization and translocation of metal ions in plant compartments, while considering their respective mechanisms of detoxification. In addition, this literature review attempts to highlight how stress and defensive strategies operate in plants, pointing out the main stressors, either biotic or abiotic (e.g., heavy metals), and the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in stress answers. Finally, in our research, we further aim to capture the risks caused by heavy metals in medicinal plants to human health through the assessment of both a hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Technology for Monitoring the Biodegradation of Pollutants)
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