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Toxics
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The Effect of Airborne Contaminants Exposure on Early Health Damage...
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The Effect of Airborne Contaminants Exposure on Early Health Damage Biomarkers

A special issue of Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304). This special issue belongs to the section "Air Pollution and Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 April 2024) | Viewed by 4934

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Shaowei Wu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
Interests: air pollution; cardiovascular health; environmental epidemiology; epigenetics; mental health
Prof. Dr. Jun Yang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
Interests: environmental epidemiology and biostatistics; climate change; extreme weather; air pollution; public health
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Air pollution is the contamination of air due to the presence of various airborne contaminants that are harmful to human health, and is among the leading risk factors for disease burden globally. Exposure to airborne contaminants has been linked to a series of chronic diseases, including but not limited to cardiovascular, respiratory, mental, neurological and reproductive diseases. It has been demonstrated that airborne contaminants could enter the body through the respiratory tract and circulatory system, cause complex internal cellular responses that are followed by biological effects, and finally lead to adverse health outcomes including chronic diseases. The cellular responses and biological effects lie in the early stage of health damage of airborne contaminants and could be reflected by changes in various biomarkers related to inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, coagulation, autonomic imbalance, metabolic disorder, epigenetic modifications, etc. In addition, the exact mechanisms behind the cellular responses and biological effects of the action of airborne contaminants have not been completely revealed but are important for disease prevention. The Special Issue aims to publish studies investigating the early health damage biomarkers and related mechanisms for the effect of airborne contaminants, which are important for the evaluation and monitoring of health damage related to air pollution in the population. Your contribution to the Special Issue is greatly appreciated and will be a great addition to the existing literature.

Prof. Dr. Shaowei Wu
Prof. Dr. Jun Yang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Toxics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • airborne contaminants
  • biomarkers
  • biological effects
  • cellular responses
  • chronic diseases
  • early health damage
  • mechanisms

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1095 KiB  
Article
Microplastics in the Lung Tissues Associated with Blood Test Index
by Shuguang Wang, Wenfeng Lu, Qingdong Cao, Changli Tu, Chenghui Zhong, Lan Qiu, Saifeng Li, Han Zhang, Meiqi Lan, Liqiu Qiu, Xiaoliang Li, Yuewei Liu, Yun Zhou and Jing Liu
Toxics 2023, 11(9), 759; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11090759 - 06 Sep 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2195
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have received a lot of attention and have been detected in multiple environmental matrices as a new environmental hazard, but studies on human internal exposure to MPs are limited. Here, we collected lung tissue samples from 12 nonsmoking patients to evaluate [...] Read more.
Microplastics (MPs) have received a lot of attention and have been detected in multiple environmental matrices as a new environmental hazard, but studies on human internal exposure to MPs are limited. Here, we collected lung tissue samples from 12 nonsmoking patients to evaluate the characteristics of MPs in human lung tissues using an Agilent 8700 laser infrared imaging spectrometer and scanning electron microscopy. We detected 108 MPs covering 12 types in the lung tissue samples, with a median concentration of 2.19 particles/g. Most of the MPs (88.89%) were sized between 20 to 100 μm. Polypropylene accounts for 34.26% of the MPs in the lung tissues, followed by polyethylene terephthalate (21.30%) and polystyrene (8.33%). Compared with males and those living far from a major road (≥300 m), females and those living near the main road (<300 m) had higher levels of MPs in lung tissues, which positively correlated with platelet (PLT), thrombocytocrit, fibrinogen (FIB), and negatively related with direct bilirubin (DB). These findings help confirm the presence in the respiratory system and suggest the potential sources and health effects of inhaled MPs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Effect of Airborne Contaminants Exposure on Early Health Damage Biomarkers)
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13 pages, 4541 KiB  
Article
Characterization and Risk Assessment of PM2.5-Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and their Derivatives Emitted from a Typical Pesticide Factory in China
by Diwei Wang, Shengmin Wu, Xuesong Gong, Tao Ding, Yali Lei, Jian Sun and Zhenxing Shen
Toxics 2023, 11(7), 637; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11070637 - 23 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1107
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives have received extensive attention due to their negative effects on the environment and on human health. However, few studies have performed comprehensive assessments of PAHs emitted from pesticide factories. This study assessed the concentration, composition, and [...] Read more.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives have received extensive attention due to their negative effects on the environment and on human health. However, few studies have performed comprehensive assessments of PAHs emitted from pesticide factories. This study assessed the concentration, composition, and health risk of 52 PM2.5-bound PAHs during the daytime and nighttime in the vicinity of a typical pesticide factory. The total concentration of 52 PAHs (Σ52PAHs) ranged from 53.04 to 663.55 ng/m3. No significant differences were observed between daytime and nighttime PAH concentrations. The average concentrations of twenty-two parent PAHs, seven alkylated PAHs, ten oxygenated PAHs, and twelve nitrated PAHs were 112.55 ± 89.69, 18.05 ± 13.76, 66.13 ± 54.79, and 3.90 ± 2.24 ng/m3, respectively. A higher proportion of high-molecular-weight (4–5 rings) PAHs than low-molecular-weight (2–3 rings) PAHs was observed. This was likely due to the high-temperature combustion of fuels. Analysis of diagnostic ratios indicated that the PAHs were likely derived from coal combustion and mixed sources. The total carcinogenic equivalent toxicity ranged from 15.93 to 181.27 ng/m3. The incremental lifetime cancer risk from inhalation, ingestion, and dermal contact with the PAHs was 2.33 × 10−3 for men and 2.53 × 10−3 for women, and the loss of life expectancy due to the PAHs was 11,915 min (about 0.023 year) for men and 12,952 min (about 0.025 year) for women. These results suggest that long-term exposure to PM2.5 emissions from a pesticide factory has significant adverse effects on health. The study results support implementing the characterization of PAH emissions from pesticide factories and provides a scientific basis for optimizing the living environment around pesticide factories. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Effect of Airborne Contaminants Exposure on Early Health Damage Biomarkers)
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Review

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16 pages, 1133 KiB  
Review
Association between Ambient Particulate Air Pollution and Soluble Biomarkers of Endothelial Function: A Meta-Analysis
by Kai Wang, Lei Lei, Ge Li, Yang Lan, Wanzhou Wang, Jiaqi Zhu, Qisijing Liu, Lihua Ren and Shaowei Wu
Toxics 2024, 12(1), 76; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12010076 - 15 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1031
Abstract
Background: The burden of cardiovascular diseases caused by ambient particulate air pollution is universal. An increasing number of studies have investigated the potential effects of exposure to particulate air pollution on endothelial function, which is one of the important mechanisms for the onset [...] Read more.
Background: The burden of cardiovascular diseases caused by ambient particulate air pollution is universal. An increasing number of studies have investigated the potential effects of exposure to particulate air pollution on endothelial function, which is one of the important mechanisms for the onset and development of cardiovascular disease. However, no previous study has conducted a summary analysis of the potential effects of particulate air pollution on endothelial function. Objectives: To summarize the evidence for the potential effects of short-term exposure to ambient particulate air pollution on endothelial function based on existing studies. Methods: A systematic literature search on the relationship between ambient particulate air pollution and biomarkers of endothelial function including endothelin-1 (ET-1), E-selectin, intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and Web of Science up to 20 May 2023. Subsequently, a meta-analysis was conducted using a random effects model. Results: A total of 18 studies were included in this meta-analysis. A 10 μg/m3 increase in short-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 was associated with a 1.55% (95% CI: 0.89%, 2.22%) increase in ICAM-1 and a 1.97% (95% CI: 0.86%, 3.08%) increase in VCAM-1. The associations of ET-1 (0.22%, 95% CI: −4.94%, 5.65%) and E-selectin (3.21%, 95% CI: −0.90% 7.49%) with short-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 were statistically insignificant. Conclusion: Short-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 pollution may significantly increase the levels of typical markers of endothelial function, including ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, suggesting potential endothelial dysfunction following ambient air pollution exposure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Effect of Airborne Contaminants Exposure on Early Health Damage Biomarkers)
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