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Symmetry
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Applications of Symmetry in Modern Quantum Electrodynamics
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Applications of Symmetry in Modern Quantum Electrodynamics

A special issue of Symmetry (ISSN 2073-8994). This special issue belongs to the section "Chemistry: Symmetry/Asymmetry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (14 November 2021) | Viewed by 6653

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Kayn Forbes

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Chemistry. University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
Interests: molecular photonics; quantum electrodynamics; chirality; structured light
Dr. David S. Bradshaw

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
Interests: quantum electrodynamics; nanophotonics; nonlinear optics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As a theoretical methodology, quantum electrodynamics (QED)—especially in the guise of its molecular, cavity or macroscopic formulations—continues to progress with account of the modern advances in the characterisation of light–matter interactions at the nanoscale. This progress extends beyond well-known atomic and molecular matter and now involves light interacting with fabricated nanostructures and metamaterials. Symmetry can become indispensable in the understanding and description of the resultant optical phenomena. Traditionally, the theory of QED is known for its highly precise quantification of physical constants. Today, its predictive capacity can be employed to both foresee novel phenomena and spectroscopies and produce an explanatory origin for experimental results. Cutting-edge applications of QED often utilise the spatial and temporal symmetries of the light and the material under investigation—for example, in studies related to chiroptical phenomena and chirality. Moreover, appreciation of symmetries has allowed for the elegant and simple representations of multi-photon interactions, which further engender predictive capacities in nonlinear optics. Although not limited to these ideas, we invite submissions of work that highlight new applications of QED, or summarise their status, with special attention paid to the role of symmetry in these quantised light–matter systems.

Dr. Kayn Forbes
Dr. David S. Bradshaw
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Symmetry is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • molecular QED
  • cavity QED
  • macroscopic QED
  • light-matter interactions
  • Intermolecular forces
  • photonics
  • quantum optics
  • chirality
  • symmetry breaking
  • quantum chemistry

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 286 KiB  
Article
Effective Hamiltonians in Nonrelativistic Quantum Electrodynamics
by Roberto Passante and Lucia Rizzuto
Symmetry 2021, 13(12), 2375; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13122375 - 9 Dec 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2026
Abstract
In this paper, we consider some second-order effective Hamiltonians describing the interaction of the quantum electromagnetic field with atoms or molecules in the nonrelativistic limit. Our procedure is valid only for off-energy-shell processes, specifically virtual processes such as those relevant for ground-state energy [...] Read more.
In this paper, we consider some second-order effective Hamiltonians describing the interaction of the quantum electromagnetic field with atoms or molecules in the nonrelativistic limit. Our procedure is valid only for off-energy-shell processes, specifically virtual processes such as those relevant for ground-state energy shifts and dispersion van der Waals and Casimir-Polder interactions, while on-energy-shell processes are excluded. These effective Hamiltonians allow for a considerable simplification of the calculation of radiative energy shifts, dispersion, and Casimir-Polder interactions, including in the presence of boundary conditions. They can also provide clear physical insights into the processes involved. We clarify that the form of the effective Hamiltonian depends on the field states considered, and consequently different expressions can be obtained, each of them with a well-defined range of validity and possible applications. We also apply our results to some specific cases, mainly the Lamb shift, the Casimir-Polder atom-surface interaction, and the dispersion interactions between atoms, molecules, or, in general, polarizable bodies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Symmetry in Modern Quantum Electrodynamics)
14 pages, 766 KiB  
Article
Symbolic Evaluation of Expressions from Racah’s Algebra
by Stephan Fritzsche
Symmetry 2021, 13(9), 1558; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13091558 - 25 Aug 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1700
Abstract
Based on the rotational symmetry of isolated quantum systems, Racah’s algebra plays a significant role in nuclear, atomic and molecular physics, and at several places elsewhere. For N-particle (quantum) systems, for example, this algebra helps carry out the integration over the angular [...] Read more.
Based on the rotational symmetry of isolated quantum systems, Racah’s algebra plays a significant role in nuclear, atomic and molecular physics, and at several places elsewhere. For N-particle (quantum) systems, for example, this algebra helps carry out the integration over the angular coordinates analytically and, thus, to reduce them to systems with only N (radial) coordinates. However, the use of Racah’s algebra quickly leads to complex expressions, which are written in terms of generalized Clebsch–Gordan coefficients, Wigner n-j symbols, (tensor) spherical harmonics and/or rotation matrices. While the evaluation of these expressions is straightforward in principle, it often becomes laborious and prone to making errors in practice. We here expand Jac, the Jena Atomic Calculator, to facilitate the sum-rule evaluation of typical expressions from Racah’s algebra. A set of new and revised functions supports the simplification and subsequent use of such expressions in daily research work or as part of lengthy derivations. A few examples below show the recoupling of angular momenta and demonstrate how Jac can be readily applied to find compact expressions for further numerical studies. The present extension makes Jac a more flexible and powerful toolbox in order to deal with atomic and quantum many-particle systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Symmetry in Modern Quantum Electrodynamics)
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11 pages, 790 KiB  
Article
Irreducible Cartesian Tensor Analysis of Harmonic Scattering from Chiral Fluids
by David L. Andrews
Symmetry 2020, 12(9), 1466; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12091466 - 7 Sep 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 1808
Abstract
Symmetry principles of several distinct kinds are revealingly engaged in an analysis focussing on third harmonic scattering, a current focus of research on nonlinear optics in chiral media. Analysis in terms of irreducible Cartesian tensors elucidates the detailed electrodynamical origin and character of [...] Read more.
Symmetry principles of several distinct kinds are revealingly engaged in an analysis focussing on third harmonic scattering, a current focus of research on nonlinear optics in chiral media. Analysis in terms of irreducible Cartesian tensors elucidates the detailed electrodynamical origin and character of the corresponding material properties. Considerations of fundamental charge, parity and time reversal (CPT) symmetry reveal the conditions for an interplay of transition multipoles to elicit a chiral response using circularly polarised pump radiation, and the symmetry of quantised angular momentum underpins the associated selection rules and angular distribution. The intrinsic structural symmetry of chiral scatterers determines their capacity to exhibit differential response. Exploiting permutational index symmetry in the response tensors enables quantitative assessment of the boundary values for experimentally measurable properties, including circular intensity differentials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Symmetry in Modern Quantum Electrodynamics)
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